任务一：
1 t.h
2 #pragma once
3
4 #include <string>
5
6 // 类T: 声明
7 class T {
8 // 对象属性、方法
9 public:
10 T(int x = 0, int y = 0); // 普通构造函数
11 T(const T &t); // 复制构造函数
12 T(T &&t); // 移动构造函数
13 ~T(); // 析构函数
14
15 void adjust(int ratio); // 按系数成倍调整数据
16 void display() const; // 以(m1, m2)形式显示T类对象信息
17
18 private:
19 int m1, m2;
20
21 // 类属性、方法
22 public:
23 static int get_cnt(); // 显示当前T类对象总数
24
25 public:
26 static const std::string doc; // 类T的描述信息
27 static const int max_cnt; // 类T对象上限
28
29 private:
30 static int cnt; // 当前T类对象数目
31
32 // 类T友元函数声明
33 friend void func();
34 };
35
36 // 普通函数声明
37 void func();
38
39 t.cpp
40 // 类T: 实现
41 // 普通函数实现
42
43 #include "t.h"
44 #include <iostream>
45 #include <string>
46
47 using std::cout;
48 using std::endl;
49 using std::string;
50
51 // static成员数据类外初始化
52 const std::string T::doc{"a simple class sample"};
53 const int T::max_cnt = 999;
54 int T::cnt = 0;
55
56
57 // 对象方法
58 T::T(int x, int y): m1{x}, m2{y} {
59 ++cnt;
60 cout << "T constructor called.\n";
61 }
62
63 T::T(const T &t): m1{t.m1}, m2{t.m2} {
64 ++cnt;
65 cout << "T copy constructor called.\n";
66 }
67
68 T::T(T &&t): m1{t.m1}, m2{t.m2} {
69 ++cnt;
70 cout << "T move constructor called.\n";
71 }
72
73 T::~T() {
74 --cnt;
75 cout << "T destructor called.\n";
76 }
77
78 void T::adjust(int ratio) {
79 m1 *= ratio;
80 m2 *= ratio;
81 }
82
83 void T::display() const {
84 cout << "(" << m1 << ", " << m2 << ")" ;
85 }
86
87 // 类方法
88 int T::get_cnt() {
89 return cnt;
90 }
91
92 // 友元
93 void func() {
94 T t5(42);
95 t5.m2 = 2049;
96 cout << "t5 = "; t5.display(); cout << endl;
97 }
98
99 task1.cpp
100 #include "t.h"
101 #include <iostream>
102
103 using std::cout;
104 using std::endl;
105
106 void test();
107
108 int main() {
109 test();
110 cout << "\nmain: \n";
111 cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl;
112 }
113
114 void test() {
115 cout << "test class T: \n";
116 cout << "T info: " << T::doc << endl;
117 cout << "T objects'max count: " << T::max_cnt << endl;
118 cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl << endl;
119
120
121 T t1;
122 cout << "t1 = "; t1.display(); cout << endl;
123
124 T t2(3, 4);
125 cout << "t2 = "; t2.display(); cout << endl;
126
127 T t3(t2);
128 t3.adjust(2);
129 cout << "t3 = "; t3.display(); cout << endl;
130
131 T t4(std::move(t2));
132 cout << "t3 = "; t4.display(); cout << endl;
133
134 cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl;
135
136 func();
137 }
View Code
结果截图：
问题1：
t.h中，普通函数 func 作为类X的友元，在类的内部声明了友元关系。在类外部，去掉line36，重
新编译，是否能正确运行。如果能，回答说明可以去掉line36。如果不能，以截图形式给出编译报
错信息，分析可能的原因。
答：不能，友元函数func没有被单独声明。
问题2：
t.h中，line9-12给出了各种构造函数、析构函数。总结各种构造函数的功能，以及它们与析构函数
的调用时机。
答：普通构造函数：对m1,m2赋值。在每次创建新对象时被调用， 用来初始化对象。
复制构造函数：复制另一个对象的m1,m2值给当前对象的m1,m2。在 T t3(t2)；这一句被调用。
移动构造函数：在T t4(std::move(t2));这一句被调用。
析构函数：对象被删除前自动调用，依次是t1,t2,t3,t4的析构函数被调用，最后是友元函数func的析构函数被调用。
问题3：
t.cpp中，line13-15，调整到t.h，重新编译，程序能否正确编译运行。
答：可以。
任务二：
Complex.h
1 #pragma once
2 #include<vector>
3 #include<string>
4 #include <iostream>
5
6 class Complex{
7 public:
8 Complex (double a=0,double b=0);
9 Complex (const Complex &other);
10 add(const Complex &other);
11 private:
12 double real;//实部
13 double imag;//虚部
14 public:
15 static const std::string doc;
16 double get_real() const;
17 double get_imag() const;
18 friend bool is_equal(const Complex c1,const Complex c2);
19 friend bool is_not_equal(const Complex c1,const Complex c2);
20 friend Complex add(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
21 friend void output(const Complex &c);
22 friend double abs(const Complex c);
23 ~Complex();
24 };
View Code
Complex.cpp
1 #include "Complex.h"
2 #include<cmath>
3 #include <iostream>
4 #include<string>
5 using std::cout;
6 using std::endl;
7 using std::boolalpha;
8
9 Complex::Complex(double a,double b):real{a},imag{b} {}
10
11 Complex::Complex(const Complex &other)
12 {
13 real=other.real;imag=other.imag;
14 }
15
16 const std::string Complex::doc{"a simplified complex class"};
17
18 double Complex::get_real() const{return real;}
19
20 double Complex::get_imag() const{return imag;}
21
22 bool is_equal(const Complex c1,const Complex c2)
23 {
24 if(c1.real==c2.real&&c1.imag==c2.imag)
25 return 1;
26 else
27 return 0;
28 }
29
30 bool is_not_equal(const Complex c1,const Complex c2)
31 {
32 if(c1.real!=c2.real||c1.imag!=c2.imag)
33 return 1;
34 else
35 return 0;
36 }
37
38 Complex::add(const Complex &other)
39 {
40 real=other.real+real;
41 imag=other.imag+imag;
42 }
43
44 Complex add(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2)
45 {
46 Complex sum(0,0);
47 sum.real=c1.real+c2.real;
48 sum.imag=c1.imag+c2.imag;
49 return sum;
50 }
51 void output(const Complex &c)
52 {
53 cout<<c.real<<"+"<<c.imag<<"i"<<endl;
54 }
55
56 double abs(const Complex c)
57 {
58 double h;
59 h=sqrt(c.real*c.real+c.imag*c.imag);
60 return h;
61 }
62
63 Complex::~Complex() {}
View Code
task 2.cpp
1 #include "Complex.h"
2 #include <iostream>
3 #include <cmath>
4
5 using std::cout;
6 using std::endl;
7 using std::boolalpha;
8
9 void test() {
10 cout << "类成员测试: " << endl;
11 cout << Complex::doc << endl;
12
13 cout << endl;
14
15 cout << "Complex对象测试: " << endl;
16 Complex c1;
17 Complex c2(3, -4);
18 const Complex c3(3.5);
19 Complex c4(c3);
20
21 cout << "c1 = "; output(c1); cout << endl;
22 cout << "c2 = "; output(c2); cout << endl;
23 cout << "c3 = "; output(c3); cout << endl;
24 cout << "c4 = "; output(c4); cout << endl;
25 cout << "c4.real = " << c4.get_real() << ", c4.imag = " << c4.get_imag() << endl;
26
27 cout << endl;
28
29 cout << "复数运算测试: " << endl;
30 cout << "abs(c2) = " << abs(c2) << endl;
31 c1.add(c2);
32 cout << "c1 += c2, c1 = "; output(c1); cout << endl;
33 cout << boolalpha;
34 cout << "c1 == c2 : " << is_equal(c1, c2) << endl;
35 cout << "c1 != c3 : " << is_not_equal(c1, c3) << endl;
36 c4 = add(c2, c3);
37 cout << "c4 = c2 + c3, c4 = "; output(c4); cout << endl;
38 }
View Code
任务三：
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <complex>
3
4 using std::cout;
5 using std::endl;
6 using std::boolalpha;
7 using std::complex;
8
9 void test() {
10 cout << "标准库模板类complex测试: " << endl;
11 complex<double> c1;
12 complex<double> c2(3, -4);
13 const complex<double> c3(3.5);
14 complex<double> c4(c3);
15
16 cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
17 cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
18 cout << "c3 = " << c3 << endl;
19 cout << "c4 = " << c4 << endl;
20 cout << "c4.real = " << c4.real() << ", c4.imag = " << c4.imag() << endl;
21 cout << endl;
22
23 cout << "复数运算测试: " << endl;
24 cout << "abs(c2) = " << abs(c2) << endl;
25 c1 += c2;
26 cout << "c1 += c2, c1 = " << c1 << endl;
27 cout << boolalpha;
28 cout << "c1 == c2 : " << (c1 == c2) << endl;
29 cout << "c1 != c3 : " << (c1 != c3) << endl;
30 c4 = c2 + c3;
31 cout << "c4 = c2 + c3, c4 = " << c4 << endl;
32 }
33
34 int main() {
35 test();
36 }
View Code
使用了接口abs，运算功能+，判断功能==和！=
任务四：
fraction.h
1 #pragma once
2 #include<string>
3 #include<iostream>
4
5 using std::string;
6
7 class Fraction{
8 public:
9 static const string doc;
10 Fraction(int a,int b=1);
11 Fraction(const Fraction &f);
12 ~Fraction();
13 int get_up() const;
14 int get_down() const;
15 Fraction negative();
16 private:
17 int up,down;
18 public:
19 friend void output(Fraction a);
20 friend Fraction add(const Fraction f1,const Fraction f2);
21 friend Fraction sub(const Fraction f1,const Fraction f2);
22 friend Fraction mul(const Fraction f1,const Fraction f2);
23 friend Fraction div(const Fraction f1,const Fraction f2);
24 };
25
26 void output(Fraction a);
27 Fraction add(const Fraction f1,const Fraction f2);
28 Fraction sub(const Fraction f1,const Fraction f2);
29 Fraction mul(const Fraction f1,const Fraction f2);
30 Fraction div(const Fraction f1,const Fraction f2);
View Code
fraction.cpp
1 #include "Fraction.h"
2 #include<iostream>
3 #include<string>
4 #include<cmath>
5
6 using std::cout;
7 using std::endl;
8 using std::string;
9
10 const string Fraction::doc="Fraction类 v 0.01版.\n目前仅支持分数对象的构造、输出、加/减/乘/除运算.";
11
12 Fraction::~Fraction() {}
13
14 Fraction::Fraction(int a,int b):up{a},down{b} {}
15
16 Fraction::Fraction(const Fraction &f){
17 up=f.up;
18 down=f.down;
19 }
20
21 int Fraction::get_up() const{
22 return up;
23 }
24
25 int Fraction::get_down() const{
26 return down;
27 }
28
29 Fraction Fraction::negative(){
30 Fraction f(0,0);
31 f.up=-up;
32 f.down=down;
33 return f;
34 }
35
36 void output(Fraction a){
37 int i,u=a.up,d=a.down;
38 for(i=2;i<=9;i++){
39 if(u%i==0&&d%i==0){
40 u/=i;
41 d/=i;
42 }
43 }
44 if((u<0&&d<0)||(u>0&&d<0))
45 {
46 u=-u;d=-d;
47 }
48 if(d==0){
49 cout<<"分母不能为0。";
50 }
51 else if(u==0)
52 cout<<"0";
53 else if(d==1)
54 cout<<u;
55 else
56 cout<<u<<"/"<<d;
57 }
58
59 Fraction add(const Fraction f1,const Fraction f2){
60 Fraction f(0,0);
61 f.down=f1.down*f2.down;
62 f.up=f1.up*f2.down+f2.up*f1.down;
63 return f;
64 }
65
66 Fraction sub(const Fraction f1,const Fraction f2){
67 Fraction f(0,0);
68 f.down=f1.down*f2.down;
69 f.up=f1.up*f2.down-f2.up*f1.down;
70 return f;
71 }
72
73 Fraction mul(const Fraction f1,const Fraction f2){
74 Fraction f(0,0);
75 f.up=f1.up*f2.up;
76 f.down=f1.down*f2.down;
77 return f;
78 }
79
80 Fraction div(const Fraction f1,const Fraction f2){
81 Fraction f(0,0);
82 f.up=f1.up*f2.down;
83 f.down=f1.down*f2.up;
84 return f;
85 }
View Code
task 4.cpp
1 #include "Fraction.h"
2 #include <iostream>
3
4 using std::cout;
5 using std::endl;
6
7 void test1() {
8 cout << "Fraction类测试: " << endl;
9 cout << Fraction::doc << endl << endl;
10
11 Fraction f1(5);
12 Fraction f2(3, -4), f3(-18, 12);
13 Fraction f4(f3);
14 cout << "f1 = "; output(f1); cout << endl;
15 cout << "f2 = "; output(f2); cout << endl;
16 cout << "f3 = "; output(f3); cout << endl;
17 cout << "f4 = "; output(f4); cout << endl;
18
19 Fraction f5(f4.negative());
20 cout << "f5 = "; output(f5); cout << endl;
21 cout << "f5.get_up() = " << f5.get_up() << ", f5.get_down() = " << f5.get_down() << endl;
22
23 cout << "f1 + f2 = "; output(add(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
24 cout << "f1 - f2 = "; output(sub(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
25 cout << "f1 * f2 = "; output(mul(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
26 cout << "f1 / f2 = "; output(div(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
27 cout << "f4 + f5 = "; output(add(f4, f5)); cout << endl;
28 }
29
30 void test2() {
31 Fraction f6(42, 55), f7(0, 3);
32 cout << "f6 = "; output(f6); cout << endl;
33 cout << "f7 = "; output(f7); cout << endl;
34 cout << "f6 / f7 = "; output(div(f6, f7)); cout << endl;
35 }
36
37 int main() {
38 cout << "测试1：Fraction类基础功能测试\n";
39 test1();
40
41 cout << "\n测试2：分母为0测试: \n";
42 test2();
43 }
View Code
任务五：
account.h
1 #include<iostream>
2
3 class SavingsAccount{
4 private:
5 int id;
6 double balance;
7 double rate;
8 int lastDate;
9 double accumulation;
10 static double total;
11
12 void record(int date,double amount);
13 double accumulate(int date) const{
14 return accumulation+balance*(date-lastDate);
15 }
16
17 public:
18 SavingsAccount(int date,int id,double rate);
19 int getId() const {return id;}
20 double getBalance() const{return balance;}
21 double getRate() const{return rate;}
22 static double getTotal(){return total;}
23 void deposit(int rate,double amount);
24 void withdraw(int rate,double amount);
25 void settle(int date);
26 void show() const;
27
28 };
View Code
account.cpp
1 #include "account.h"
2 #include<cmath>
3 #include<iostream>
4
5 using std::cout;
6 using std::endl;
7
8 double SavingsAccount::total=0;
9
10 SavingsAccount::SavingsAccount(int date,int id,double rate)
11 :id(id),balance{0},rate{rate},lastDate{date},accumulation{0}{
12 cout<<date<<"\t#"<<id<<"is created"<<endl;
13 }
14
15 void SavingsAccount::record(int date,double amount){
16 accumulation=accumulate(date);
17 lastDate=date;
18 amount=floor(amount*100+0.5)/100;
19 balance+=amount;
20 total+=amount;
21 cout<<date<<"\t#"<<id<<"\t"<<amount<<"\t"<<balance<<endl;
22 }
23
24 void SavingsAccount::deposit(int date,double amount){
25 record(date,amount);
26 }
27
28 void SavingsAccount::withdraw(int date,double amount){
29 if(amount>getBalance()){
30 cout<<"Erroe:not enough money"<<endl;
31 }
32 else{
33 record(date,-amount);
34 }
35 }
36
37 void SavingsAccount::settle(int date){
38 double interest=accumulate(date)*rate/365;
39 if(interest!=0){
40 record(date,interest);
41 }
42 accumulation=0;
43 }
44
45 void SavingsAccount::show() const{
46 cout<<"#"<<id<<"\tBalance:"<<balance;
47 }
View Code
5_11.cpp
1 #include "account.h"
2 #include<iostream>
3
4 using namespace std;
5
6 int main(){
7 SavingsAccount sa0(1,21325302,0.015);
8 SavingsAccount sa1(1,58320212,0.015);
9
10 sa0.deposit(5,5000);
11 sa1.deposit(25,10000);
12 sa0.deposit(45,5500);
13 sa1.withdraw(60,4000);
14
15 sa0.settle(90);
16 sa1.settle(90);
17
18 sa0.show();cout<<endl;
19 sa1.show();cout<<endl;
20
21 cout<<"Total:"<<SavingsAccount::getTotal()<<endl;
22
23 return 0;
24 }
View Code
标签：std,const,int,Complex,实验,Fraction,include From： https://www.cnblogs.com/121ywq/p/18494464