首先下载Visual Studio 2022，配置环境，安装库等
开发环境：Visual Studio 2022
语言：C++
freeglut 库
glfw 库
以上两个库用于窗口管理
glew 库
glad 库
以上两个库帮助我们链接到openGL比较新的实现方法
相同功能库可以二选一
Visual Studio 2022安装教程
参考可以这个
Visual Studio 2022安装和使用（适合新手） - 知乎 (zhihu.com)
配置openGL的库+调试代码
教程参考可以这个
00-配置 Visual Studio Comminity 2022 OpenGL 开发环境_哔哩哔哩_bilibili
1 freeglut 库调试代码
#include <GL/freeglut.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
void display(void) {
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
//glRectf(-0.5f，-0.5f，0.5f，.5f);
glutSolidTeapot(0.5f);
//glFlush();
glutSwapBuffers();
}
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE|GLUT_RGB|GLUT_DEPTH);
glutInitWindowSize(500,500);
glutInitWindowPosition(100,100);
glutCreateWindow("OpenGL with FreeGlut mini");
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glutMainLoop();
return 0;
}
2 glfw 库调试代码
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
int main(void)
{
GLFWwindow* window;
/* Initialize the library */
if (!glfwInit())
return -1;
/* Create a windowed mode window and its OpenGL context */
window = glfwCreateWindow(640, 480, "Hello World", NULL, NULL);
if (!window)
{
glfwTerminate();
return -1;
}
/* Make the window's context current */
glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
/* Loop until the user closes the window */
while(!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
{
/* Render here */
glClearColor(1.0, 0, 0, 1.0);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
/* Swap front and back buffers */
glfwSwapBuffers(window);
/* Poll for and process events */
glfwPollEvents();
}
glfwTerminate();
return 0;
}
3 glew k库调试代码
#include <GL/glew.h> // include GLEW and new version of GL on Windows
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h> // GLFW helper library
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
// start GL context and O/S window using the GLFW helper library
if (!glfwInit()) {
fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: could not start GLFW3\n");
return 1;
}
// uncomment these lines if on Apple OS X
/*glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 2);
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GL_TRUE);
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);*/
GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(640, 480, "Hello Triangle", NULL, NULL);
if (!window) {
fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: could not open window with GLFW3\n");
glfwTerminate();
return 1;
}
glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
// start GLEW extension handler
glewExperimental = GL_TRUE;
glewInit();
// get version info
const GLubyte* renderer = glGetString(GL_RENDERER); // get renderer string
const GLubyte* version = glGetString(GL_VERSION); // version as a string
printf("Renderer: %s\n", renderer);
printf("OpenGL version supported %s\n", version);
// tell GL to only draw onto a pixel if the shape is closer to the viewer
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); // enable depth-testing
glDepthFunc(GL_LESS); // depth-testing interprets a smaller value as "closer"
/* OTHER STUFF GOES HERE NEXT */
float points[] = {
0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f,
0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,
-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f
};
GLuint vbo = 0;
glGenBuffers(1, &vbo);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 9 * sizeof(float), points, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
GLuint vao = 0;
glGenVertexArrays(1, &vao);
glBindVertexArray(vao);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, NULL);
const char* vertex_shader =
"#version 400\n"
"in vec3 vp;"
"void main() {"
" gl_Position = vec4(vp, 1.0);"
"}";
const char* fragment_shader =
"#version 400\n"
"out vec4 frag_colour;"
"void main() {"
" frag_colour = vec4(0.5, 0.0, 0.5, 1.0);"
"}";
GLuint vs = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
glShaderSource(vs, 1, &vertex_shader, NULL);
glCompileShader(vs);
GLuint fs = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
glShaderSource(fs, 1, &fragment_shader, NULL);
glCompileShader(fs);
GLuint shader_programme = glCreateProgram();
glAttachShader(shader_programme, fs);
glAttachShader(shader_programme, vs);
glLinkProgram(shader_programme);
while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window)) {
// wipe the drawing surface clear
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glUseProgram(shader_programme);
glBindVertexArray(vao);
// draw points 0-3 from the currently bound VAO with current in-use shader
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);
// update other events like input handling
glfwPollEvents();
// put the stuff we've been drawing onto the display
glfwSwapBuffers(window);
}
// close GL context and any other GLFW resources
glfwTerminate();
return 0;
}
4 glad 库调试代码
#include <glad/glad.h>
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
#include <iostream>
void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height);
void processInput(GLFWwindow* window);
// settings
const unsigned int SCR_WIDTH = 800;
const unsigned int SCR_HEIGHT = 600;
int main()
{
// glfw: initialize and configure
//------------------------ ---- - ~
glfwInit();
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);
#ifdef __APPLE__
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GL_TRUE);
#endif
// glfw window creation
GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(SCR_WIDTH, SCR_HEIGHT, "LearnOpenGl - Explained", NULL, NULL);
if (window == NULL)
{
std::cout << "Failed to create:GLFW window" << std::endl;
glfwTerminate();
return -1;
}
glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
glfwSetFramebufferSizeCallback(window, framebuffer_size_callback);
// glad; load al1 OpenGl function pointers
if (!gladLoadGLLoader((GLADloadproc)glfwGetProcAddress))
{
std::cout << "Failed to initialize GLAD" << std::endl;
return -1;
}
// -- 步骤 1: 准备着色器程序
unsigned int shaderProgram = glad_glCreateProgram();
// 着色器程序: vertexShader 子程序
const char* vertexShaderSource = "#version 330 core\n"
"layout (location = 0) in vec3 aPos;\n"
"void main()\n"
"{\n"
" gl_Position = vec4(aPos.x,aPos.y,aPos.z,1.0);\n"
"}\0";
unsigned int vertexShader = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
glShaderSource(vertexShader, 1, &vertexShaderSource, NULL);
glCompileShader(vertexShader);
// 着色器程序: fragmentshader 子程序
const char* frapmentShaderSource = "#version 330 core\n"
"out vec4 FragColor;\n"
"void main()\n"
"{\n"
" FragColor = vec4(1.0f,0.5f,0.2f,1.0f);\n"
"}";
unsigned int fragmentShader = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
glShaderSource(fragmentShader, 1, &frapmentShaderSource, NULL);
glCompileShader(fragmentShader);
glAttachShader(shaderProgram, vertexShader);
glAttachShader(shaderProgram, fragmentShader);
glLinkProgram(shaderProgram);
// END --------
// 步 2:准备数据这是一维数组需要 vao 来声明格式，shader program 根据 vao 来解析)
float vertices[] = {
-0.5f, -0.5f,0.0f,
0.5f,-0.5f,0.0f,
0.0f,0.5f,0.0f
};
// 步骤 3: 声明数据结构 : 至少一个 VA
unsigned int vao;
glGenVertexArrays(1, &vao);
//[HOWO] glVertexAttribpointer(index, size, type, normalized, stride, pointer) :
glBindVertexArray(vao); // 必须绑定到 OPENGL 上下文之后才能设置，否则不会输出图像，设置 VAO
unsigned int vbo;
glGenBuffers(1, &vbo);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo); // 当前上下文 GL ARRAY BUFFER 设置为 vbo r
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void*)0); // 填充 VertexArrays 的第-项
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0); // VertexArrays 的第一项准备就绪
// END---- -
while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
{
processInput(window);
// -- 渲港流程 -----------
//物体 1
glBindVertexArray(vao); // 绑定(设置) v为当前上下文 VAO，若前面已经过一次，没有变化的话，不需要
glUseProgram(shaderProgram);
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);
// 物体 2...n (重复物体 1 的流程)
//.-- end ----------
// glfw: swap buffers and poll IO events (keys pressed/released, mouse moved etc.)
// ----
glfwSwapBuffers(window);
glfwPollEvents();
}
// glfw: terminate, clearing all previously allocated GLFW resources
glfwTerminate();
return 0;
}
// process all input : query GLFW whether relevant keys are pressed / released this frame and react accordingly
void processInput(GLFWwindow* window)
{
if (glfwGetKey(window,GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE) == GLFW_PRESS)
glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window,true);
}
//glfw: whenever the window size changed(by 0s or user resize) this callback function executes
void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow * window, int width, int height)
{
// make sure the viewport matches the new window dimensions; note that width and
// height will be significantly larger than specified on retina displays.
glViewport(0,0,width,height);
}