使用Grafana+Prometheus监控网络设备

在Linux下安装Granfna+Prometheus集成环境通过snmp协议监控网络设备

安装前提

Granfa软件包

• Grafana官方地址：https://grafana.com/
• Grafana官方文档地址：https://grafana.com/docs/
• Grafana官方下载地址：https://grafana.com/grafana/download?pg=graf&plcmt=deploy-box-1
• Grafana官方模板地址：https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/

Prometheus软件包

• Prometheus官网：https://prometheus.io/
• Prometheus官方文档：https://prometheus.io/docs/introduction/overview/
• Prometheus官方下载地址：https://prometheus.io/download/

Prometheus snmp模块

• snmp_export模块下载：https://github.com/prometheus/snmp_exporter

安装配置

系统环境

操作系统版本：openEuler-22.03-LTS-SP3
中间件操作顺序：

1. 配置snmp_exporter模块
2. 配置prometheus采集数据
3. 配置Grafana分析展示数据

snmp_exporter安装和配置

[root@localhost ~]# wget https://github.com/prometheus/snmp_exporter/releases/download/v0.24.1/snmp_exporter-0.24.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf snmp_exporter-0.24.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# mv snmp_exporter-0.24.1.linux-amd64 /usr/local/prometheus/snmp_exporter
# 配置snmp信息
[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/prometheus/snmp_exporter/snmp.yml
auths:
  public_v2:
    community:				# 团体名
    version: 2
modules:
  if_mib:
    walk:
        - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.10.2 #IPv4流入流量
        - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.16.2 #IPv4流出流量
    get:
    - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1
    metrics:
    - name: IPv4_ifOutOctets
      oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.16.2
      type: gauge
    - name: IPv4_ifInOctets
      oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.10.2
      type: gauge
# 配置service文件
[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/snmp_exporter.service
[Unit]
Description=node_exporter
After=network.target 

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/snmp_exporter/snmp_exporter --config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/snmp_exporter/snmp.yml
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
# 配置服务生效并启动
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start snmp_exporter

打开浏览器验证服务
http://172.16.1.14:9116/

Prometherus安装和配置

[root@localhost ~]# wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.51.1/prometheus-2.51.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf prometheus-2.51.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# mv prometheus-2.51.1.linux-amd64 /usr/local/prometheus
# 配置prometheus配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# mv prometheus.yml  prometheus.yml.bak
[root@localhost ~]# vi prometheus.yml
  - job_name: "Test"
    static_configs:
      - targets: 
          - 172.16.1.14  # 网管交换机的 IP 地址
    metrics_path: /snmp
    params:
      module: [if_mib]
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: localhost:9116  # SNMP Exporter  的地址和端口

# 配置prometheus.service服务文件
[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service
[Unit]
Description=Prometheus
Documentation=https://prometheus.io/
After=network.target

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/usr/local/prometheus/
ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -KILL $MAINPID
Type=simple
KillMode=control-group
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=15s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
# 配置服务生效
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl satrt prometheus

浏览器验证服务
http://172.16.1.14:9090/

这里显示为down是因为选定的主机没有配置snmp，各位博友可以自己尝试下

Grafana安装和配置

[root@localhost ~]# sudo yum install -y https://dl.grafana.com/enterprise/release/grafana-enterprise-10.4.1-1.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start grafana-server

Grafana安装很简单，直接启动后浏览器访问
http://172.16.1.14:3000/login

默认账号为：admin
默认密码为：admin

1. 设置中文
   
2. 对接Prometheus
   
3. 成功连接如下：