适配器模式
(适配器模式)
定义
==适配器模式==将一个类的接口,转换成客户期望的另一个接口。适配器让原本接口不兼容的类可以合作无间。
适配器模式充满着良好的OO设计原则:使用对象组合,以修改的接口包装被适配者。这种做法还有额外的优点,那就是被适配者的任何子类都可以搭配着适配器使用。
角色
- Target(目标抽象类):把其他类转换为我们期望的接口,可以是一个抽象类或接口,也可以是具体类
- Adaptee (装饰者):不改变接口,但加入责任
- Adapter(适配者):将一个接口转成另一个接口
代码实现
现有鸭子和火鸡,需要让火鸡冒充鸭子
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鸭子类
public interface Duck { public void quack(); public void fly(); } public class MallardDuck implements Duck { @Override public void quack() { System.out.println("Quack"); } @Override public void fly() { System.out.println("I'm flying"); } }
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火鸡类
public interface Turkey { public void gobble(); public void fly(); } public class WildTurkey implements Turkey { @Override public void gobble() { System.out.println("Gobble gobble"); } @Override public void fly() { System.out.println("I'm flying a short distance"); } }
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适配器
public class TurkeyAdapter implements Duck { Turkey turkey; public TurkeyAdapter(Turkey turkey) { this.turkey = turkey; } @Override public void quack() { turkey.gobble(); } @Override public void fly() { for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { turkey.fly(); } } }
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测试代码
public class DuckTestDrive { public static void main(String[] args) { MallardDuck duck = new MallardDuck(); WildTurkey turkey = new WildTurkey(); Duck turkeyAdapter = new TurkeyAdapter(turkey); System.out.println("The Turkey says..."); turkey.gobble(); turkey.fly(); System.out.println("\nThe Duck says..."); testDuck(duck); System.out.println("\nThe TurkeyAdapter says..."); testDuck(turkeyAdapter); } static void testDuck(Duck duck) { duck.quack(); duck.fly(); } }
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输出结果
The Turkey says... Gobble gobble I'm flying a short distance The Duck says... Quack I'm flying The TurkeyAdapter says... Gobble gobble I'm flying a short distance I'm flying a short distance I'm flying a short distance I'm flying a short distance I'm flying a short distance