软件测试|web自动化测试神器playwright教程（十一）

前言

在我们进行web自动化测试的过程中，我们经常会面临需要登录的情况，每一次打开页面如果都需要重新登录的话，就会大大增加测试所需要的时间，体现不出自动化测试的优势，我们都知道selenium可以通过cookie实现登录，那么playwright能不能实现这个功能呢？

答案是肯定的，playwright可以实现保存cookie实现自动化登录的功能。

获取保存cookie

我们以登录GitHub网站为例，登录代码如下：

from playwright.sync_api import Playwright, sync_playwright


def run(playwright: Playwright) -> None:
    browser = playwright.chromium.launch(headless=False)
    context = browser.new_context()
    page = context.new_page()
    page.goto('https://github.com/login')

    # Interact with login form
    page.get_by_label("Username or email address").fill("xxxxxxxxxxxxx")
    page.get_by_label("Password").fill("xxxxxxxxxxxxx")
    page.get_by_role("button", name="Sign in").click()
    t

with sync_playwright() as playwright:
    run(playwright)

我们可以实现GitHub网站的登录，登录之后我们需要保存我们的cookie信息，便于我们后续的登录操作，playwright提供了Context.storageState([options])方法用于保存cookie信息，代码如下：

from playwright.sync_api import Playwright, sync_playwright


def run(playwright: Playwright) -> None:
    browser = playwright.chromium.launch(headless=False)
    context = browser.new_context()
    page = context.new_page()
    page.goto('https://github.com/login')

    # Interact with login form
    page.get_by_label("Username or email address").fill("xxxxxxxxxxxxx")
    page.get_by_label("Password").fill("xxxxxxxxxxx")
    page.get_by_role("button", name="Sign in").click()
    
    # Continue with the test

    # # 保存storage state 到指定的文件
    # storage = context.storage_state(path="cookie.json")

    # ---------------------
    context.close()
    browser.close()


with sync_playwright() as playwright:
    run(playwright)

我们可以看到我们的文件中生成了一个cookie.json文件，我们可以在其他地方使用这个cookie用于登录，现在我们来测试cookie是否能够使用这个cookie实现登录。

登录

我们使用cookie来登录，使用方法如下：

# Create a new context with the saved storage state.
context = browser.new_context(storage_state="state.json")

我们来登录GitHub试一下能否登录。

from playwright.sync_api import Playwright, sync_playwright, expect




def run(playwright: Playwright) -> None:
    browser = playwright.chromium.launch(headless=False)
    # 加载本地cookies，免登陆
    context = browser.new_context(storage_state="cookie.json")

    # 打开页面继续操作
    page = context.new_page()
    page.goto('https://github.com/')
    page.pause()  # 打断点看是不是已经登录了

    context.close()
    browser.close()


with sync_playwright() as playwright:
    run(playwright)

总结

本文主要讲解了使用playwright，通过保存的cookie登录网站的操作步骤，与selenium类似，playwright也支持使用cookie登录，使我们的测试工作更加快速。

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