lc106. 从中序与后序遍历序列构造二叉树

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/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode() {}
 *     TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
 *     TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
 *         this.val = val;
 *         this.left = left;
 *         this.right = right;
 *     }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    // 存储 inorder 中值到索引的映射
    HashMap<Integer, Integer> valToIndex = new HashMap<>();

    public TreeNode buildTree(int[] preorder, int[] inorder) {
        for (int i = 0; i < inorder.length; i++) {
            valToIndex.put(inorder[i], i);
        }
        return build(preorder, 0, preorder.length - 1,
                inorder, 0, inorder.length - 1);
    }

    /*
       定义：前序遍历数组为 preorder[preStart..preEnd]，
       中序遍历数组为 inorder[inStart..inEnd]，
       构造这个二叉树并返回该二叉树的根节点
    */
    TreeNode build(int[] preorder, int preStart, int preEnd,
                   int[] inorder, int inStart, int inEnd) {
        if (preStart > preEnd) {
            return null;
        }

        // root 节点对应的值就是前序遍历数组的第一个元素
        int rootVal = preorder[preStart];
        // rootVal 在中序遍历数组中的索引
        int index = valToIndex.get(rootVal);

        int leftSize = index - inStart;

        // 先构造出当前根节点
        TreeNode root = new TreeNode(rootVal);
        // 递归构造左右子树
        root.left = build(preorder, preStart + 1, preStart + leftSize,
                inorder, inStart, index - 1);

        root.right = build(preorder, preStart + leftSize + 1, preEnd,
                inorder, index + 1, inEnd);
        return root;
    }
}

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