爬豆瓣保存到Excel

import re
import urllib.request, urllib.error
import xlwt
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

baseurl = "https://movie.douban.com/top250?start="

# 创建电影链接正则表达式对象，表示规则（字符串的模式）：以<a href="开头 + 一组（.*?） + 以">结尾
findLink = re.compile(r'<a href="(.*?)">')
# 电影图片链接规则：以<img开头 + 中间匹配多个.* + 以src="开头 + 一组(.*?)", 忽略换行符re.S'
findImgSrc = re.compile(r'<img.*src="(.*?)"', re.S)
# 电影片名规则：以<span class="title"> + (.*?) + </span>
findTitle = re.compile(r'<span class="title">(.*?)</span>')
# 电影评分规则：<span class="rating_num" property="v:average"> + (.*?) + </span>
findRating = re.compile(r'<span class="rating_num" property="v:average">(.*?)</span>')
# 评价人数规则版一：<span> + (.*?) + </span>
# findJudge = re.compile(r'<span>(.*?)</span>')
# 评价人数规则版二：<span> + (.*?) + </span>
findJudge = re.compile(r'<span>(\d*)人评价</span>')
# 概况规则：<span class="inq"> + (.*?) + </span>
findInq = re.compile(r'<span class="inq">(.*?)</span>')
# 相关内容规则：<p class=""> + (.*?) + </p>
findBd = re.compile(r'<p class="">(.*?)</p>', re.S)


def main():
    # 获取网页数据
    datalist = getData(baseurl)
    # 保存数据
    savapath = "豆瓣电影Top250.xls"
    saveData(datalist, savapath)


def getData(baseurl):
    # 定义获取网页数据功能
    datalist = []
    for i in range(0, 10):
        url = baseurl + str(i * 25)
        html = askURL(url)
        # 逐一解析数据
        soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")
        # 查找符合要求标签是div同时属性class_是item的内容
        for item in soup.find_all("div", class_="item"):
            # 保存一部电影
            data = []
            # 电影的所有信息转字符串
            item = str(item)
            # 电影详情链接
            link = re.findall(findLink, item)[0]
            data.append(link)
            # 图片
            img = re.findall(findImgSrc, item)[0]
            data.append(img)
            # 标题
            title = re.findall(findTitle, item)
            # 标题判断中英文
            if (len(title) == 2):
                ctitle = title[0]
                data.append(ctitle)
                otitle = title[1].replace("/", "")
                data.append(otitle)
            else:
                data.append(title[0])
                # 无英文名时用空格填充
                data.append(" ")
            # 评分数
            rating = re.findall(findRating, item)[0]
            data.append(rating)
            # 评价数
            judge = re.findall(findJudge, item)[0]
            data.append(judge)
            # 概况
            inq = re.findall(findInq, item)
            # 概况判断是否空
            if len(inq) != 0:
                inq = inq[0].replace("。", "")
                data.append(inq)
            else:
                data.append(" ")
            # 相关内容
            bd = re.findall(findBd, item)[0]
            # 相关内容替换规则：'<br + 中间包含多个部分(\s+)? + /> + 不止(\s+)?',替换成" ",来着bd
            bd = re.sub('<br(\s+)?/>(\s+)?', ' ', bd)
            bd = re.sub('/', ' ', bd)
            data.append(bd.strip())
            datalist.append(data)
    return datalist


def saveData(datalist, savapath):
    print("开始保存")
    # 创建工作表对象样式压缩效果
    book = xlwt.Workbook(encoding="utf-8", style_compression=0)
    # 创建工作表每个单元格是最新
    sheet = book.add_sheet("豆瓣电影Top250", cell_overwrite_ok=True)
    # 定义列名
    col = ("电影详情链接", "图片链接", "影片中文名", "影片英文名", "评分", "评价数", "概况", "相关内容")
    for i in range(0, 8):
        # 添加列名
        sheet.write(0, i, col[i])
    for i in range(0, 250):
        print("第%d条" % (i + 1))
        data = datalist[i]
        for j in range(0, 8):
            sheet.write(i + 1, j, data[j])
    book.save(savapath)


# 指定url内容
def askURL(baseurl):
    # 伪造请求头
    headers = {
        "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.132 Safari/537.36"}
    # 封装对象
    request = urllib.request.Request(baseurl, headers=headers)
    html = ""
    try:
        response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
        html = response.read().decode("utf-8")
    except urllib.error.URLError as e:
        if hasattr(e, "code"):
            print(e.code)
        if hasattr(e, "reason"):
            print(e.reason)
    return html


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
    print("保存成功")