Ansible playbook实战
1.基础准备
#1.安装ansible
[root@m01 ~]# yum install -y ansible
#2.配置ansible
[root@m01 ~]# vim /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
host_key_checking = False #这个解开注释
#3.配置主机清单
[root@m01 ~]# vim /etc/ansible/hosts
[web_group]
web01 ansible_ssh_pass='admin123'
web02 ansible_ssh_pass='admin123'
[db_group]
db01 ansible_ssh_pass='admin123'
db02 ansible_ssh_pass='admin123'
#4.创建项目目录
[root@m01 ~]# mkdir /project/{web,mariadb,rsyncd,nfs,sersync,base} -p
[root@m01 ~]# tree /project/
/project/
├── base
├── mariadb
├── nfs
├── rsyncd
├── sersync
└── web
6 directories, 0 files
2.编写playbook
1）第一部分：所有服务器优化和创建用户
[root@m01 ~]# cd /project/base
[root@m01 base]# vim lnmp.yml
- hosts: all
tasks:
- name: Stop Firewalld
systemd:
name: firewalld
state: stopped
enabled: no
- name: Stop Selinux
selinux:
state: disabled
- name: Create www Group
group:
name: www
gid: 666
state: present
- name: Create www User
user:
name: www
uid: 666
group: www
create_home: false # 不需要家目录
shell: /sbin/nologin
state: present
2）第二部分：安装nginx服务器
1.安装方式选择
#源码包安装 1.上传nginx包 copy 2.解压 unarchive 3.生成 shell 4.编译 shell 5.安装 shell -m shell -a 'cd /nginx/ && ./configure -- && make && make install' 6.编辑system管理nginx文件 copy 7.配置conf.d的目录 8.推配置文件 #官方源安装 1.配置官方源 copy 2.安装nginx yum 3.配置nginx #rpm包安装
2.准备工作
#1.上传rpm包
[root@m01 ~]# rz nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm
#2.配置nginx配置文件
[root@m01 ~]# vim nginx.conf
user www;
...
#3.配置wordpress配置文件
[root@m01 ~]# vim wordpress.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name blog.linux.com;
root /code/wordpress;
index index.php;
location ~ \.php$ {
root /code/wordpress;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
3.编写playbook
[root@m01 base]# vim lnmp.yml # 结尾继续接上
- hosts: web_group
tasks:
- name: Copy Nginx Rpm
copy:
src: /root/nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm
dest: /tmp/
- name: Install Nginx Server
yum:
name: /tmp/nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm
state: present
- name: Config Nginx Server
copy:
src: /root/nginx.conf
dest: /etc/nginx/
- name: Config Wordpress Conf
copy:
src: /root/wordpress.conf
dest: /etc/nginx/conf.d/
- name: Start Nginx Server
systemd:
name: nginx
state: started
3）第三部分：安装php服务
1.准备工作
#1.上传php包 [root@m01 ~]# rz php.tar.gz #2.配置php用户 [root@m01 ~]# vim www.conf user = www group = www
2.编写playbook
[root@m01 base]# vim lnmp.yml # 结尾继续接上
- name: Tar PHP Package
unarchive:
src: /root/php.tar.gz
dest: /tmp/
- name: Install PHP Server
shell: "yum localinstall -y /tmp/*.rpm"
- name: Config PHP Server
copy:
src: /root/www.conf
dest: /etc/php-fpm.d/
- name: Start PHP Server
systemd:
name: php-fpm
state: started
4）第四部分：配置wordpress站点
1.准备工作
#1.上传wordpress包 [root@m01 ~]# rz wordpress-5.0.3-zh_CN.tar.gz
2.编写playbook
[root@m01 base]# vim lnmp.yml # 结尾继续接上
- name: Create Code Dir
file:
path: /code
state: directory
- name: Install Wordpress Code
unarchive:
src: /root/wordpress-5.0.3-zh_CN.tar.gz
dest: /code/
- name: Chown Code Dir
file:
path: /code
state: directory
owner: www
group: www
recurse: yes
5）第五部分：安装mariadb
- hosts: db01
tasks:
- name: Install Mariadb Server
yum:
name: mariadb-server
state: present
- name: Install MySQL-python Server #ansible要控制mysql需要安装这个
yum:
name: MySQL-python
state: present
- name: Start Mariadb Server
systemd:
name: mariadb
state: started
enabled: yes
- name: Create Database Wordpress
mysql_db:
name: wordpress
state: present
- name: Create Database Wordpress User
mysql_user:
name: "wp"
host: "172.16.1.%"
password: '123456'
priv: 'wordpress.*:ALL'
state: present
6）完成wordpress搭建，访问并配置数据库测试
3.迁移（扩展）
1）编写数据迁移
[root@m01 base]# cat sql.yml
- hosts: db01
tasks:
- name: Dump Database Wordpress
mysql_db: #把wordpress库导出到sql中
state: dump
name: wordpress
target: /root/wordpress.sql
- name: Get wordpress.sql
fetch: #把db01的sql拉到本地路径
src: /root/wordpress.sql
dest: /root/ #会在下面创建 主机名/文件路径 /root/db01/root/wordpress.sql
- hosts: db02
tasks:
- name: Post wordpress.sql
copy:
src: /root/db01/root/wordpress.sql
dest: /tmp/
- name: Install Mariadb Server #下面同上创建数据库
yum:
name: mariadb-server
state: present
- name: Install MySQL-python Server #ansible要控制mysql需要安装这个
yum:
name: MySQL-python
state: present
- name: Start Mariadb Server
systemd:
name: mariadb
state: started
enabled: yes
- name: Create Database Wordpress
mysql_db:
name: wordpress
state: present
- name: Create Database Wordpress User
mysql_user:
name: "wp"
host: "172.16.1.%"
password: '123456'
priv: 'wordpress.*:ALL'
state: present
- name: Import wordpress.sql #导入sql数据
mysql_db:
state: import
name: wordpress
target: /tmp/wordpress.sql
2）一键迁移博客
- hosts: web01
tasks:
- name: Tgz Wordpress Code
- archive:
path: /code/wordpress
dest: /root/wordpress.tgz
- name: Get Wordpress Code
fetch:
src: /root/wordpress.tgz
dest: /root/
- hosts: web02
tasks:
- name: Tar Wordpress Code
unarchive:
src: /root/web01/root/wordpress.tgz
dest: /
Ansible变量
一、变量概述
变量提供了便捷的方式来管理Ansible playbook的每一个项目中的动态值，比如nginx-1.6.3这个软件包的版本，在其他地方或许会反复使用，
那么如果讲此值设置为变量，然后再在其他的playbook中调用，会方便许多。如此一来还方便维护，减少维护的成本。
二、定义变量的方式
1.通过命令行进行变量定义
2.在play文件中进行变量定义
3.通过Inventory主机信息文件中进行变量定义
4.通过vars_files定义变量
5.通过host_vars和group_vars定义变量
如果在定义变量时，变量冲突了
在上述的三个地方分别设置了：
1.命令行中：age=11
2.play文件中：age=12
3.Inventory中：age=13
那么，最终的age结果一定是11
变量的读取优先级为：命令行 > playbook文件 > Inventory文件
1.在playbook定义变量
方式一：在hosts下直接定义变量
[root@m01 base]# vim install.yml
- hosts: web_group
vars:
package:
- httpd
- mariadb-server
- MySQL-python
- php
- nginx
tasks:
- name: Install Server
yum:
name: "{{ package }}"
方式二：在hosts下定义多个变量
[root@m01 base]# vim install.yml
- hosts: web_group
vars:
web:
- httpd
- nginx
db:
- mariadb-server
- MySQL-python
tasks:
- name: Install Server
yum:
name: "{{ web }}"
方式三：在模块下定义变量
- name: Install LNMP
yum:
name: "{{ packages }}"
vars:
packages:
- nginx
- php
- mariadb-server
2.通过vars_file定义变量
刚才我们学到在playbook中使用vars定义变量，有一个缺陷，就是其他的playbook无法使用该变量。所以我们可以采取第二种定义变量的方式，在vars_file中定义变量。
#1.配置变量文件
[root@m01 base]# vim vars.yml
web_server: nginx
db_server: mariadb-server
#2.调用变量文件再使用变量
[root@m01 base]# vim host.yml
- hosts: db_group
vars_files: /project/base/vars.yml
tasks:
- name: Install Mariadb Server
yum:
name: "{{ db_server }}"
#3.定义多个变量文件
[root@m01 base]# vim host.yml
- hosts: db_group
vars_files:
- /project/base/vars.yml
- /project/base/vars2.yml
tasks:
- name: Install Mariadb Server
yum:
name: "{{ nginx }}"
标签：26,name,nginx,state,ansible,wordpress,playbook,m01,root From： https://www.cnblogs.com/ludingchao/p/18094640