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实验3

时间:2024-11-10 17:56:43浏览次数:1  
标签:std const cout int 实验 include string

任务1

button.hpp

 1 #pragma once
 2 
 3 #include <iostream>
 4 #include <string>
 5 
 6 using std::string;
 7 using std::cout;
 8 
 9 // 按钮类
10 class Button {
11 public:
12     Button(const string &text);
13     string get_label() const;
14     void click();
15 
16 private:
17     string label;
18 };
19 
20 Button::Button(const string &text): label{text} {
21 }
22 
23 inline string Button::get_label() const {
24     return label;
25 }
26 
27 void Button::click() {
28     cout << "Button '" << label << "' clicked\n";
29 }
View Code

window.hpp

 1 #pragma once
 2 #include "button.hpp"
 3 #include <vector>
 4 #include <iostream>
 5 
 6 using std::vector;
 7 using std::cout;
 8 using std::endl;
 9 
10 // 窗口类
11 class Window{
12 public:
13     Window(const string &win_title);
14     void display() const;
15     void close();
16     void add_button(const string &label);
17 
18 private:
19     string title;
20     vector<Button> buttons;
21 };
22 
23 Window::Window(const string &win_title): title{win_title} {
24     buttons.push_back(Button("close"));
25 }
26 
27 inline void Window::display() const {
28     string s(40, '*');
29 
30     cout << s << endl;
31     cout << "window title: " << title << endl;
32     cout << "It has " << buttons.size() << " buttons: " << endl;
33     for(const auto &i: buttons)
34         cout << i.get_label() << " button" << endl;
35     cout << s << endl;
36 }
37 
38 void Window::close() {
39     cout << "close window '" << title << "'" << endl;
40     buttons.at(0).click();
41 }
42 
43 void Window::add_button(const string &label) {
44     buttons.push_back(Button(label));
45 }
View Code

task1.cpp

 1 #include "window.hpp"
 2 #include <iostream>
 3 
 4 using std::cout;
 5 using std::cin;
 6 
 7 void test() {
 8     Window w1("new window");
 9     w1.add_button("maximize");
10     w1.display();
11     w1.close();
12 }
13 
14 int main() {
15     cout << "用组合类模拟简单GUI:\n";
16     test();
17 }
View Code

问题1:自定义了2个类,使用了标准库的string和vector,类Window包含vector<Button>,窗口包含多个按钮

问题2:不适合,成员函数中的量不一定是固定的,设置成const或inline可能会报错

问题3:s是40个‘*’的字符串,用来分隔,模拟界面窗口

任务2:

task2.cpp

 1 #include <iostream>
 2 #include <vector>
 3 
 4 using namespace std;
 5 
 6 void output1(const vector<int> &v) {
 7     for(auto &i: v)
 8         cout << i << ", ";
 9     cout << "\b\b \n";
10 }
11 
12 void output2(const vector<vector<int>> v) {
13     for(auto &i: v) {
14         for(auto &j: i)
15             cout << j << ", ";
16         cout << "\b\b \n";
17     }
18 }
19 
20 void test1() {
21     vector<int> v1(5, 42);
22     const vector<int> v2(v1);
23 
24     v1.at(0) = -999;
25     cout << "v1: ";  output1(v1);
26     cout << "v2: ";  output1(v2);
27     cout << "v1.at(0) = " << v1.at(0) << endl;
28     cout << "v2.at(0) = " << v2.at(0) << endl;
29 }
30 
31 void test2() {
32     vector<vector<int>> v1{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6, 7}};
33     const vector<vector<int>> v2(v1);
34 
35     v1.at(0).push_back(-999);
36     cout << "v1: \n";  output2(v1);
37     cout << "v2: \n";  output2(v2);
38 
39     vector<int> t1 = v1.at(0);
40     cout << t1.at(t1.size()-1) << endl;
41     
42     const vector<int> t2 = v2.at(0);
43     cout << t2.at(t2.size()-1) << endl;
44 }
45 
46 int main() {
47     cout << "测试1:\n";
48     test1();
49 
50     cout << "\n测试2:\n";
51     test2();
52 }
View Code

问题1:第21行给数组v1初始化5个值为42的元素;第22行把v1“赋值”给v2;第24行把v1第一个元素值改为-999;

问题2:第32行定义一个二维vector数组v1并初始化;第33行把v1“赋值”给v2;第35行在v1第一行末尾加一个值为-999的元素

问题3:第39行把二维数组v1的首行元素“赋值”给t1;第40行输出t1的末尾元素;第42行把二维数组v1的第二行元素“赋值”给t2;第43行输出t2的末尾元素

问题4:(1)深复制;(2)是

任务3

vectorInt.hpp

 1 #pragma once
 2 
 3 #include <iostream>
 4 #include <cassert>
 5 
 6 using std::cout;
 7 using std::endl;
 8 
 9 // 动态int数组对象类
10 class vectorInt{
11 public:
12     vectorInt(int n);
13     vectorInt(int n, int value);
14     vectorInt(const vectorInt &vi);
15     ~vectorInt();
16 
17     int& at(int index);
18     const int& at(int index) const;
19 
20     vectorInt& assign(const vectorInt &v);
21     int get_size() const;
22 
23 private:
24     int size;
25     int *ptr;       // ptr指向包含size个int的数组
26 };
27 
28 vectorInt::vectorInt(int n): size{n}, ptr{new int[size]} {
29 }
30 
31 vectorInt::vectorInt(int n, int value): size{n}, ptr{new int[size]} {
32     for(auto i = 0; i < size; ++i)
33         ptr[i] = value;
34 }
35 
36 vectorInt::vectorInt(const vectorInt &vi): size{vi.size}, ptr{new int[size]} {
37     for(auto i = 0; i < size; ++i)
38         ptr[i] = vi.ptr[i];
39 }
40 
41 vectorInt::~vectorInt() {
42     delete [] ptr;
43 }
44 
45 const int& vectorInt::at(int index) const {
46     assert(index >= 0 && index < size);
47 
48     return ptr[index];
49 }
50 
51 int& vectorInt::at(int index) {
52     assert(index >= 0 && index < size);
53 
54     return ptr[index];
55 }
56 
57 vectorInt& vectorInt::assign(const vectorInt &v) {  
58     delete[] ptr;       // 释放对象中ptr原来指向的资源
59 
60     size = v.size;
61     ptr = new int[size];
62 
63     for(int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
64         ptr[i] = v.ptr[i];
65 
66     return *this;
67 }
68 
69 int vectorInt::get_size() const {
70     return size;
71 }
View Code

task3.cpp

 1 #include "vectorInt.hpp"
 2 #include <iostream>
 3 
 4 using std::cin;
 5 using std::cout;
 6 
 7 void output(const vectorInt &vi) {
 8     for(auto i = 0; i < vi.get_size(); ++i)
 9         cout << vi.at(i) << ", ";
10     cout << "\b\b \n";
11 }
12 
13 
14 void test1() {
15     int n;
16     cout << "Enter n: ";
17     cin >> n;
18 
19     vectorInt x1(n);
20     for(auto i = 0; i < n; ++i)
21         x1.at(i) = i*i;
22     cout << "x1: ";  output(x1);
23 
24     vectorInt x2(n, 42);
25     vectorInt x3(x2);
26     x2.at(0) = -999;
27     cout << "x2: ";  output(x2);
28     cout << "x3: ";  output(x3);
29 }
30 
31 void test2() {
32     const vectorInt  x(5, 42);
33     vectorInt y(10, 0);
34 
35     cout << "y: ";  output(y);
36     y.assign(x);
37     cout << "y: ";  output(y);
38     
39     cout << "x.at(0) = " << x.at(0) << endl;
40     cout << "y.at(0) = " << y.at(0) << endl;
41 }
42 
43 int main() {
44     cout <<"测试1: \n";
45     test1();
46 
47     cout << "测试2: \n";
48     test2();
49 }
View Code

问题1:深复制

问题2:不能;出现左边返回一个常数无法被修改

问题3:能,后面的复制变为对象复制,能够运行

任务4

matrix.hpp

 1 #pragma once
 2 
 3 #include <iostream>
 4 #include <cassert>
 5 
 6 using std::cout;
 7 using std::endl;
 8 
 9 // 类Matrix的声明
10 class Matrix {
11 public:
12     Matrix(int n, int m);           // 构造函数,构造一个n*m的矩阵, 初始值为value
13     Matrix(int n);                  // 构造函数,构造一个n*n的矩阵, 初始值为value
14     Matrix(const Matrix &x);        // 复制构造函数, 使用已有的矩阵X构造
15     ~Matrix();
16 
17     void set(const double *pvalue);         // 用pvalue指向的连续内存块数据按行为矩阵赋值
18     void clear();                           // 把矩阵对象的值置0
19     
20     const double& at(int i, int j) const;   // 返回矩阵对象索引(i,j)的元素const引用
21     double& at(int i, int j);               // 返回矩阵对象索引(i,j)的元素引用
22     
23     int get_lines() const;                  // 返回矩阵对象行数
24     int get_cols() const;                   // 返回矩阵对象列数
25 
26     void display() const;                    // 按行显示矩阵对象元素值
27 
28 private:
29     int lines;      // 矩阵对象内元素行数
30     int cols;       // 矩阵对象内元素列数
31     double *ptr;
32 };
33 
34 // 类Matrix的实现:待补足
35 // xxx
36 Matrix::Matrix(int n, int m): lines(n), cols(m) {
37     ptr = new double[n*m];
38     clear();
39 }
40 Matrix::Matrix(int n): Matrix(n, n) {}
41 Matrix::Matrix(const Matrix &x): lines(x.lines), cols(x.cols) {
42     ptr = new double[lines*cols];
43     for(int i=0;i<lines*cols;i++)
44         ptr[i] = x.ptr[i];
45 }
46 Matrix::~Matrix() {
47     delete[] ptr;
48 }
49 void Matrix::set(const double *pvalue) {
50     for(int i=0;i<lines*cols;i++)
51         ptr[i] = pvalue[i];
52 }
53 
54 void Matrix::clear() {
55     for(int i=0;i<lines*cols;i++)
56         ptr[i] = 0;
57 }
58 const double& Matrix::at(int i, int j) const{
59     assert(i>=0 && i<lines && j>=0 && j<cols);
60     return ptr[i*cols+j];
61 }
62 double &Matrix::at(int i, int j) {
63   assert(i >= 0 && i < lines && j >= 0 && j < cols);
64   return ptr[i * cols + j];
65 }
66 
67 int Matrix::get_lines() const {
68     return lines;
69 }
70 int Matrix::get_cols() const {
71     return cols;
72 }
73 
74 void Matrix::display() const {
75     for(int i=0;i<lines;i++) {
76         for(int j=0;j<cols;j++) {
77             cout << ptr[i*cols+j] << " ";
78         }
79         cout << endl;
80     }
81 }
View Code

task4.cpp

 1 #include "matrix.hpp"
 2 #include <iostream>
 3 #include <cassert>
 4 
 5 using std::cin;
 6 using std::cout;
 7 using std::endl;
 8 
 9 
10 const int N = 1000;
11 
12 // 输出矩阵对象索引为index所在行的所有元素
13 void output(const Matrix &m, int index) {
14     assert(index >= 0 && index < m.get_lines());
15 
16     for(auto j = 0; j < m.get_cols(); ++j)
17         cout << m.at(index, j) << ", ";
18     cout << "\b\b \n";
19 }
20 
21 
22 void test1() {
23     double x[1000] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};
24 
25     int n, m;
26     cout << "Enter n and m: ";
27     cin >> n >> m;
28 
29     Matrix m1(n, m);    // 创建矩阵对象m1, 大小n×m
30     m1.set(x);          // 用一维数组x的值按行为矩阵m1赋值
31 
32     Matrix m2(m, n);    // 创建矩阵对象m1, 大小m×n
33     m2.set(x);          // 用一维数组x的值按行为矩阵m1赋值
34 
35     Matrix m3(2);       // 创建一个2×2矩阵对象
36     m3.set(x);          // 用一维数组x的值按行为矩阵m4赋值
37 
38     cout << "矩阵对象m1: \n";   m1.display();  cout << endl;
39     cout << "矩阵对象m2: \n";   m2.display();  cout << endl;
40     cout << "矩阵对象m3: \n";   m3.display();  cout << endl;
41 }
42 
43 void test2() {
44     Matrix m1(2, 3);
45     m1.clear();
46     
47     const Matrix m2(m1);
48     m1.at(0, 0) = -999;
49 
50     cout << "m1.at(0, 0) = " << m1.at(0, 0) << endl;
51     cout << "m2.at(0, 0) = " << m2.at(0, 0) << endl;
52     cout << "矩阵对象m1第0行: "; output(m1, 0);
53     cout << "矩阵对象m2第0行: "; output(m2, 0);
54 }
55 
56 int main() {
57     cout << "测试1: \n";
58     test1();
59 
60     cout << "测试2: \n";
61     test2();
62 }
View Code

任务5

user.hpp

 1 #include <iostream>
 2 #include <string>
 3 
 4 using namespace std;
 5 
 6 class User {
 7     public:
 8         User(string name, string email="", string password="123456"):name(name), email(email), password(password) {}
 9         void set_email();
10         void change_password();
11         void display(); 
12 
13     private:
14         string name;
15         string email;
16         string password;
17 
18 
19 };
20 void User::set_email() 
21 {
22     string new_email;
23     while(1){
24         cout << "Enter new email: ";
25         cin>>new_email;
26         if(new_email.find("@") == string::npos || new_email.find(".") == string::npos){
27             cout << "Invalid email format. Please try again.\n";
28         }
29         else{
30             email = new_email;
31             cout<<"Email is set successfully.\n";
32             break;
33         }
34     }
35 
36 }
37 
38 void User::change_password()
39 {
40     string new_password;
41     string old_password;
42     for(int i=0; i<3; i++)
43     {
44         cout<<"Enter old password: ";
45         cin>>old_password;
46         if(password == old_password)
47         {
48             cout<<"Enter new password: ";
49             cin>>new_password;
50             password = new_password;
51             cout<<"Password changed successfully.\n";
52             return;
53         }
54         else
55         {
56             cout<<"Incorrect password. Please try again.\n";
57         }
58     }
59     cout<<"Too many incorrect attempts. Account locked.\n";
60 }
61 
62 void User::display()
63 {
64     cout<<"Name: "<<name<<"\n";
65     cout<<"Password: "<<string(password.size(), '*')<<"\n";
66     cout<<"Email: "<<email<<"\n";
67     
68 }
View Code

task5.cpp

 1 #include "user.hpp"
 2 #include <iostream>
 3 #include <vector>
 4 #include <string>
 5 
 6 using std::cin;
 7 using std::cout;
 8 using std::endl;
 9 using std::vector;
10 using std::string;
11 
12 void test() {
13     vector<User> user_lst;
14 
15     User u1("Alice", "2024113", "[email protected]");
16     user_lst.push_back(u1);
17     cout << endl;
18 
19     User u2("Bob");
20     u2.set_email();
21     u2.change_password();
22     user_lst.push_back(u2);
23     cout << endl;
24 
25     User u3("Hellen");
26     u3.set_email();
27     u3.change_password();
28     user_lst.push_back(u3);
29     cout << endl;
30 
31     cout << "There are " << user_lst.size() << " users. they are: " << endl;
32     for(auto &i: user_lst) {
33         i.display();
34         cout << endl;
35     }
36 }
37 
38 int main() {
39     test();
40 }
View Code

任务6

date.h

 1 #pragma once
 2 class Date {
 3 private:
 4     int year; int month; int day; int totalDays;
 5 public:
 6     Date(int year, int month, int day);
 7     int getYear()const { return year; }
 8     int getMonth()const { return month; }
 9     int getDay()const { return day; }
10     int getMaxDay()const;
11     bool isLeapYear()const {
12         return year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0 || year % 400 == 0;
13     }
14     void show()const;
15     int distance(const Date& date)const {
16         return totalDays - date.totalDays;
17     }
18 };
View Code

date.cpp

 1 #include"date.h"
 2 #include<iostream>
 3 #include<cstdlib>
 4 using namespace std;
 5 namespace {
 6     const int DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[] = { 0,31,59,90,120,151,181,212,243,273,304,334,365 };
 7 }
 8 Date::Date(int year, int month, int day) : year(year), month(month), day(day) {
 9     if (day <= 0 || day > getMaxDay()) {
10         cout << "Invalid date:";
11         show();
12         cout << endl;
13         exit(1);
14     }
15     int years = year - 1;
16     totalDays = years * 365 + years / 4 - years / 100 + years / 400 + DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month - 1] + day;
17     if (isLeapYear() && month > 2)totalDays++;
18 }
19 int Date::getMaxDay()const {
20     if (isLeapYear() && month == 2)
21         return 29;
22     else
23         return DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month] - DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month - 1];
24 }
25 void Date::show()const {
26     cout << getYear() << "-" << getMonth() << "-" << getDay();
27 }
View Code

account.h

 1 #include"date.h"
 2 #include<string>
 3 class SavingsAccount {
 4 private:
 5     std::string id;
 6     double balance;
 7     double rate;
 8     Date lastDate;
 9     double accumulation;
10     static double total;
11     void record(const Date& date, double amount, const std::string& desc);
12     void error(const std::string& msg)const;
13     double accumulate(const Date& date)const {
14         return accumulation + balance * date.distance(lastDate);
15     }
16 public:
17     SavingsAccount(const Date& date, const std::string& id, double rate);
18     const std::string& getId()const { return id; }
19     double getBalance()const { return balance; }
20     double getRate()const { return rate; }
21     static double getTotal() { return total; }
22     void deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const std::string& desc);
23     void withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const std::string& desc);
24     void settle(const Date& date);
25     void show()const;
26 };
View Code

account.cpp

 1 #include"account.h"
 2 #include<cmath>
 3 #include<iostream>
 4 using namespace std;
 5 double SavingsAccount::total = 0;
 6 
 7 SavingsAccount::SavingsAccount(const Date& date, const string& id, double rate) :id(id), balance(0), rate(rate), lastDate(date), accumulation(0) {
 8     date.show();
 9     cout << "\t#" << id << "created" << endl;
10 }
11 void SavingsAccount::record(const Date& date, double amount, const std::string& desc) {
12     accumulation = accumulate(date);
13     lastDate = date;
14     amount = floor(amount * 100 + 0.5) / 100;
15     balance += amount;
16     total += amount;
17     date.show();
18     cout << "\t#" << id << "\t" << amount << "\t" << balance << "\t" << desc << endl;
19 }
20 void SavingsAccount::error(const std::string& msg)const {
21     cout << "Error(#" << id << ");" << msg << endl;
22 }
23 void SavingsAccount::deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const std::string& desc) {
24     record(date, amount, desc);
25 }
26 void SavingsAccount::withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const std::string& desc) {
27     if (amount > getBalance())
28     {
29         error("not enough money");
30     }
31     else
32         record(date, -amount, desc);
33 }
34 void SavingsAccount::settle(const Date& date) {
35     double interest = accumulate(date) * rate / date.distance(Date(date.getYear() - 1, 1, 1));
36     if (interest != 0)
37         record(date, interest, "interest");
38     accumulation = 0;
39 }
40 void SavingsAccount::show()const {
41     cout << id << "\tBalance:" << balance;
42 }
View Code

task6.cpp

 1 #include"account.h"
 2 #include<iostream>
 3 using namespace std;
 4 int main()
 5 {
 6     Date date(2008, 11, 1);
 7     SavingsAccount accounts[] = {
 8         SavingsAccount(date,"03755217",0.015),
 9         SavingsAccount(date,"02342342",0.015)
10     };
11     const int n = sizeof(accounts) / sizeof(SavingsAccount);
12     accounts[0].deposit(Date(2008, 11, 5), 5000, "salary");
13     accounts[1].deposit(Date(2008, 11, 25), 10000, "sell stock 0323");
14 
15     accounts[0].deposit(Date(2008, 12, 5), 5000, "salary");
16     accounts[1].withdraw(Date(2008, 12, 20), 4000, "buy a laptop");
17 
18     cout << endl;
19     for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
20     {
21         accounts[i].settle(Date(2009, 1, 1));
22         accounts[i].show();
23         cout << endl;
24     }
25     cout << "Total:" << SavingsAccount::getTotal() << endl;
26     return 0;
27 }
View Code

 

标签:std,const,cout,int,实验,include,string
From: https://www.cnblogs.com/snoozy/p/18525836

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