cpp实验3

任务1：

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using std::string;
using std::cout;
class Button{
public:
    Button(const string &text);
    string get_label() const;
    void click();
private:
    string label;    
};
Button::Button(const string &text):label{text}{}
inline string Button::get_label()const{return label;}
void Button::click(){
    cout<<"Button"<<label<<"click\n";
}

#pragma once
#include "button.hpp"
#include<vector>
#include<iostream>
using std::vector;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
class window{
public:
    window(const string &win_title);
    void display()const;
    void close();
    void add_button(const string &label);
private:
    string title;
    vector<Button>buttons;        
};
window::window(const string &win_title):title{win_title}{buttons.push_back(Button("close"));}
inline void window::display()const{
    string s(40,'*');
    cout<<s<<endl;
    cout<<"window title:"<<title<<endl;
    cout<<"It has"<<buttons.size()<<"buttons:"<<endl;
    for(const auto &i: buttons)
        cout<<i.get_label()<<"button"<<endl;
    cout<<s<<endl;    
}
void window::close(){
    cout<<"close window'"<<title<<"'"<<endl;
    buttons.at(0).click();
}
void window::add_button(const string &label){
    buttons.push_back(Button(label));
}

#include"window.hpp"
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
void test(){
    window w1("new window");
    w1.add_button("maxmize");
    w1.display();
    w1.close();
}
int main(){
    cout<<"用组合类型模拟简单GUI：\n";
    test();
}

问题1：定义了两个类，Window,Button类，使用了iostream,string,vector类。Window和Button类有组合关系。

问题2：不用，因为没有经常的调用。

问题3：声明了一个长度为 40 的字符串，内容为'*'。结果是一个包含 40 个*的字符串。

任务2：

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;
void output1(const vector<int> &v){
    for(auto &i: v){
        cout<<i<<',';
    }
    cout<<"\b\b\n";
}
void output2(const vector<vector<int>>v){
    for(auto &i:v){
        for(auto &j:i){
            cout<<j<<",";
        }
        cout<<"\b\b\n";
    }
}
void test1(){
    vector<int>v1(5,42);
    const vector<int> v2(v1);
    v1.at(0)=-999;
    cout<<"v1:";output1(v1);
    cout<<"v2:";output1(v2);
    cout<<"v1.at(0)="<<v1.at(0)<<endl;
    cout<<"v2.at(0)="<<v2.at(0)<<endl;
}
void test2(){
    vector<vector<int>>v1{{1,2,3},{4,5,6,7}};
    const vector<vector<int>>v2(v1);
    
    v1.at(0).push_back(-999);
    cout<<"v1:\n";output2(v1);
    cout<<"v2:\n";output2(v2);
    
    vector<int>t1=v1.at(0);
    cout<<t1.at(t1.size()-1)<<endl;
    
    const vector<int> t2=v2.at(0);
    cout<<t2.at(t2.size()-1)<<endl;
}
int main(){
    cout<<"测试1：\n";
    test1();
    cout<<"测试2：\n";
    test2();
}

问题1：第一行声明一个int类型的，长度为5的，值都为42的动态数组v1；第二行将v1复制给v2；第三行将v1的第一个数据改为-999。

问题2：第一行声明int类型的二位动态数组v1，第二行将v1复制给v2，第三行给动态数组第一行末尾添加一个-999。

问题3：第一行将v1的第一行复制给t1，第二行输出t1的最后一个值，第三行将v2的第一行复制给t2，第四行输出t2的最后一个值。

问题4：深复制，需要。

任务3：

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<cassert>
using namespace std;
class vectorInt{
public:
    vectorInt(int n);
    vectorInt(int n,int value);
    vectorInt(const vectorInt &vi);
    ~vectorInt();
    int &at(int index);
    const int& at(int index)const;
    vectorInt& assign(const vectorInt &v);
    int get_size()const;
private:
    int size;
    int *ptr;        
}; 
vectorInt::vectorInt(int n):size{n},ptr{new int[size]}{}
vectorInt::vectorInt(int n,int value):size{n},ptr{new int[size]}{
    for(auto i=0;i<size;++i){
        ptr[i]=value;
    }
} 
vectorInt::vectorInt(const vectorInt &vi):size{vi.size},ptr{new int[size]}{
    for(auto i=0;i<size;++i)
        ptr[i]=vi.ptr[i];
}
vectorInt::~vectorInt(){
    delete [] ptr;
}
const int& vectorInt::at(int index)const{
    assert(index>=0&&index<size);
    return ptr[index];
}
int & vectorInt::at(int index){
    assert(index>=0&&index<size);
    return ptr[index];
}
vectorInt& vectorInt::assign(const vectorInt &v){
    delete[] ptr;
    size=v.size;
    ptr=new int[size];
    for(int i=0;i<size;++i)
        ptr[i]=v.ptr[i];
    return *this;    
}
int vectorInt::get_size()const{
    return size;
}

#include "vectorlnt.hpp"
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
void output(const vectorInt &vi){
    for(auto i=0;i<vi.get_size();++i){
        cout<<vi.at(i)<<",";
    }
    cout<<"\b\b\n";
}
void test1(){
    int n;
    cout<<"Enter n:";
    cin>>n;
    vectorInt x1(n);
    for(auto i=0;i<n;++i){
        x1.at(i)=i*i;
    } 
    cout<<"x1:";output(x1);
    vectorInt x2(n,42);
    vectorInt x3(x2);
    x2.at(0)=-999;
    cout<<"x2:";output(x2);
    cout<<"x3:";output(x3);
}
void test2(){
    const vectorInt x(5,42);
    vectorInt y(10,0);
    cout<<"y:";output(y);
    y.assign(x); 
    cout<<"y:";output(y);
    cout<<"x.at(0)="<<x.at(0)<<endl;
    cout<<"y.at(0)="<<y.at(0)<<endl;
}
int main(){
    cout<<"侧式1：\n";
    test1();
    cout<<"侧式2：\n";
    test2();
}

 问题1：深复制。

问题2：不能运行。

问题3：可以改，但是会增加内存以及元素的复制。

任务4：

#pragma once

#include <iostream>
#include <cassert>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;

// 类Matrix的声明
class Matrix {
public:
    Matrix(int n, int m);           // 构造函数，构造一个n*m的矩阵, 初始值为value
    Matrix(int n);                  // 构造函数，构造一个n*n的矩阵, 初始值为value
    Matrix(const Matrix &x);        // 复制构造函数， 使用已有的矩阵X构造
    ~Matrix();

    void set(const double *pvalue);         // 用pvalue指向的连续内存块数据按行为矩阵赋值
    void clear();                           // 把矩阵对象的值置0

    const double& at(int i, int j) const;   // 返回矩阵对象索引(i,j)的元素const引用
    double& at(int i, int j);               // 返回矩阵对象索引(i,j)的元素引用

    int get_lines() const;                  // 返回矩阵对象行数
    int get_cols() const;                   // 返回矩阵对象列数

    void display() const;                    // 按行显示矩阵对象元素值

private:
    int lines;      // 矩阵对象内元素行数
    int cols;       // 矩阵对象内元素列数
    double *ptr;
};

// 类Matrix的实现：待补足
// xxx

Matrix::Matrix(int n, int m) : lines(n), cols(m), ptr(new double[n * m]()) {}

Matrix::Matrix(int n) : Matrix(n, n) {}

Matrix::Matrix(const Matrix &x) : lines(x.lines), cols(x.cols), ptr(new double[x.lines * x.cols]) {}

Matrix::~Matrix() {
    delete[] ptr; 
}

void Matrix::set(const double *pvalue) {}

void Matrix::clear() {
    for(int i=0;i<lines*cols;++i){
        ptr[i]=0;
    }
}

const double& Matrix::at(int i, int j) const {
    return ptr[i * cols + j];
}

double& Matrix::at(int i, int j) {
    return ptr[i * cols + j];
}

int Matrix::get_lines() const {
    return lines;
}

int Matrix::get_cols() const {
    return cols;
}

void Matrix::display() const {
    for (int i = 0; i < lines; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j) {
            cout << at(i, j) << " ";
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
}

#include "Matrix.hpp"
#include <iostream>
#include <cassert>

using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;


const int N = 1000;

// 输出矩阵对象索引为index所在行的所有元素
void output(const Matrix &m, int index) {
    assert(index >= 0 && index < m.get_lines());

    for(auto j = 0; j < m.get_cols(); ++j)
        cout << m.at(index, j) << ", ";
    cout << "\b\b \n";
}


void test1() {
    double x[1000] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};

    int n, m;
    cout << "Enter n and m: ";
    cin >> n >> m;

    Matrix m1(n, m);    // 创建矩阵对象m1, 大小n×m
    m1.set(x);          // 用一维数组x的值按行为矩阵m1赋值

    Matrix m2(m, n);    // 创建矩阵对象m1, 大小m×n
    m2.set(x);          // 用一维数组x的值按行为矩阵m1赋值

    Matrix m3(2);       // 创建一个2×2矩阵对象
    m3.set(x);          // 用一维数组x的值按行为矩阵m4赋值

    cout << "矩阵对象m1: \n";   m1.display();  cout << endl;
    cout << "矩阵对象m2: \n";   m2.display();  cout << endl;
    cout << "矩阵对象m3: \n";   m3.display();  cout << endl;
}

void test2() {
    Matrix m1(2, 3);
    m1.clear();

    const Matrix m2(m1);
    m1.at(0, 0) = -999;

    cout << "m1.at(0, 0) = " << m1.at(0, 0) << endl;
    cout << "m2.at(0, 0) = " << m2.at(0, 0) << endl;
    cout << "矩阵对象m1第0行: "; output(m1, 0);
    cout << "矩阵对象m2第0行: "; output(m2, 0);
}

int main() {
    cout << "测试1: \n";
    test1();

    cout << "测试2: \n";
    test2();
}

任务5：

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>

using namespace std;

class User {
    public:
        User(const string& name1, const string& password1="123456", const string& email1="");
        void set_email();
        void change_password();
        void display() const;
    private:
        string name;
        string password;
        string email;
};
User::User(const string& name1, const string& password1, const string& email1) :name { name1 }, password { password1 }, email { email1 } {
}
void User::set_email() {
    cout << "Enter email address: ";
    string l;
    cin >> l;
    while (1) {
        if (l.find('@') != string::npos) {
            email = l;
            cout << "email is set successfully..." << endl;
            break;
        } else {
            cout << "illegal email.Please re-enter email: ";
            cin >> l;
        }
    }
}
void User::change_password() {
    cout << "Enter old password: ";
    string m;
    cin >> m;
    int s = 1;
    while (s < 3) {
        if (m == password) {
            cout << "new password: ";
            cin >> m;
            password = m;
            cout << "new password is set successfully..." ;
            break;
        } else {
            cout << "password input error. Please re-enter agagin";
            cin >> m;
            s++;
        }
    }
}
void User::display() const {
    cout << "name: " << name <<endl;
    cout << "pass: ";
    for (char ch : password) {
        cout << '*';
        }
    cout <<endl;
    cout << "email: "<<email<<endl;
}

#include "user.hpp"
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>

using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::vector;
using std::string;

void test(){
    vector<User> user_lst;

    User u1("Alice", "2024113", "[email protected]");
    user_lst.push_back(u1);
    cout << endl;

    User u2("Bob");
    u2.set_email();
    u2.change_password();
    user_lst.push_back(u2);
    cout << endl;

    User u3("Hellen");
    u3.set_email();
    u3.change_password();
    user_lst.push_back(u3);
    cout << endl;

    cout << "There are " << user_lst.size() << " users. they are: " << endl;
    for(auto &i: user_lst) {
        i.display();
        cout << endl;
    }
}

int main() {
    test();
}

任务6：

#ifndef __DATE_H__
#define __DATE_H__
class Date{
private:
    int year;
    int month;
    int day;
    int totalDays;
public:
    Date(int year,int month,int day);
    int getYear()const {return year;}
    int getMonth()const {return month;}
    int getDay()const {return day;}
    int getMaxDay()const;
    bool isLeapYear()const{
        return year%4==0&&year%100!=0||year%400==0; 
    }
    void show()const;
    int distance(const Date &date)const{
        return totalDays-date.totalDays;
    }        
}; 
#endif//__DATE_H__

#include"date.h"
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdlib>
using namespace std;
namespace{
    const int DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[]={0,31,59,90,120,151,181,212,243,273,304,334,365};
}
Date::Date(int year,int month,int day):year(year),month(month),day(day){
    if(day<=0||day>getMaxDay()){
        cout<<"Invalid date:";
        show();
        cout<<endl;
        exit(1);
    }
    int years=year-1;
    totalDays=years*365+years/4-years/100+years/400+DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month-1]+day;
    if(isLeapYear()&&month>2)totalDays++;
}
int Date::getMaxDay()const{
    if(isLeapYear()&&month==2)
        return 29;
    else
        return DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month]-DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month-1];    
}
void Date::show()const{
    cout<<getYear()<<"-"<<getMonth()<<"-"<<getDay();
}

#ifndef __ACCOUNT_H__
#define __aCCOUNT_H__
#include"date.h"
#include<string>
class SavingsAccount{
private:
    std::string id;
    double balance;
    double rate;
    Date lastDate;
    double accumulation;
    static double total;
    void record(const Date &date,double amount,const std::string &desc);
    void error(const std::string &msg)const;
    double accumulate (const Date &date)const{
        return accumulation+balance*date.distance(lastDate);
    }    
public:
    SavingsAccount(const Date &date,const std::string &id,double rate);
    const std::string &getID()const {return id;}
    double getBalance()const {return balance;}
    double getRate()const {return rate;}
    static double getTotal(){
        return total;
    }
    void deposit(const Date &date,double amount,const std::string &desc); 
    void withdraw(const Date &date,double amount,const std::string &desc);
    void settle(const Date& date);
    void show()const;
};
#endif //__ACCOUNT_H__

#include"date account.h"
#include<cmath>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
double SavingsAccount::total=0;
SavingsaAccount::SavingsAccount(const Date &date,const string &id,double rate):id(id),balance(0),rate(rate),lastDate(date),accumulation(0){
    date.show();
    cout<<"\t#"<<id<<"created"<<endl;
}
void SavingsAccount::record(const Date &date,double amount ,const string &desc){
    accumulation=accumulate(date);
    lastDate=date;
    amount=floor(amount*100+0.5)/100;
    balance+=amount;
    total+=amount;
    date.show();
    cout<<"\t#"<<id<<"\t"<<amount<<"\t"<<balance<<"\t"<<desc<<endl;
}
void SavingsAccount::error(const string &msg)const{
    cout<<"Error(#"<<id<<"):"<<msg<<endl;
}
void SavingsAccount::deposit(const Date&date,double amount,const string &desc){
    record(date,amount,desc);
}
void SavingsAccount::withdraw(const Date &date,double amount,const string &desc){
    if(amount>getBalance())
        error("not enough money");
    else
        record(date,-amount,desc);    
}
void SavingsAccount::settle(const Date &date){
    double interest=accumulate(date)*rate/date.distance(Date(date.getYear()-1,1,1));
    if(interest!=0)
        record(date,interest,"interest");
    accumulation=0;    
}
void SavingsAccount::show()const{
    cout<<id<<"\tBalance:"<<balance;
}

#include"date account.h"
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
    Date date(2008,11,1);
    SavingsAccount accounts[]={SavinsAccount(date,"03755217",0.015),SavingsAccount(date,"02342342",0.015)};
    const int n=sizeof(accounts)/sizeof(SavingsAccount);
    accounts[0].deposit(Date(2008,11,5),5000,"salary");
    accounts[0].deposit(Date(2008,11,25),10000,"sell stock 0323");
    accounts[0].deposit(Date(2008,12,5),5500,"salary");
    accounts[0].withdraw(Date(2008,12,20),4000,"buy a laptop");
    cout<<endl;
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
        accounts[i].settle(Date(2009,1,1));
        accounts[i].show();
        cout<<endl;
    }
    cout<<"Total:"<<SavinsAccount::getTotal()<<endl;
    return 0;
}