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实验二

时间：2024-10-29 18:43:32浏览次数：2  
标签：const int double Complex 实验 Fraction include

任务一：

t.cpp

// 类T: 实现
// 普通函数实现

#include "t.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::string;

// static成员数据类外初始化
const std::string T::doc{"a simple class sample"};
const int T::max_cnt = 999;
int T::cnt = 0;


// 对象方法
T::T(int x, int y): m1{x}, m2{y} { 
    ++cnt; 
    cout << "T constructor called.\n";
} 

T::T(const T &t): m1{t.m1}, m2{t.m2} {
    ++cnt;
    cout << "T copy constructor called.\n";
}

T::T(T &&t): m1{t.m1}, m2{t.m2} {
    ++cnt;
    cout << "T move constructor called.\n";
}    

T::~T() {
    --cnt;
    cout << "T destructor called.\n";
}           

void T::adjust(int ratio) {
    m1 *= ratio;
    m2 *= ratio;
}    

void T::display() const {
    cout << "(" << m1 << ", " << m2 << ")" ;
}     

// 类方法
int T::get_cnt() {
   return cnt;
}

// 友元
void func() {
    T t5(42);
    t5.m2 = 2049;
    cout << "t5 = "; t5.display(); cout << endl;
}

t.h

#pragma once

#include <string>

// 类T: 声明
class T {
// 对象属性、方法
public:
    T(int x = 0, int y = 0);   // 普通构造函数
    T(const T &t);  // 复制构造函数
    T(T &&t);       // 移动构造函数
    ~T();           // 析构函数

    void adjust(int ratio);      // 按系数成倍调整数据
    void display() const;           // 以(m1, m2)形式显示T类对象信息

private:
int m1, m2;

// 类属性、方法
public:
    static int get_cnt();          // 显示当前T类对象总数

public:
    static const std::string doc;       // 类T的描述信息
    static const int max_cnt;           // 类T对象上限

private:
    static int cnt;         // 当前T类对象数目

// 类T友元函数声明
    friend void func();
};

// 普通函数声明
void func();

task1.cpp

#include "t.h"
#include <iostream>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;

void test();

int main() {
    test();
    cout << "\nmain: \n";
    cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl;
}

void test() {
    cout << "test class T: \n";
    cout << "T info: " << T::doc << endl;
    cout << "T objects'max count: " << T::max_cnt << endl;
    cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl << endl;


    T t1;
    cout << "t1 = "; t1.display(); cout << endl;

    T t2(3, 4);
    cout << "t2 = "; t2.display(); cout << endl;

    T t3(t2);
    t3.adjust(2);
    cout << "t3 = "; t3.display(); cout << endl;

    T t4(std::move(t2));
    cout << "t3 = "; t4.display(); cout << endl;

    cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl;

    func();
}

运行结果

问题1

不能去除line36

友元函数需要通过相应的类或对象名来访问

问题2

普通构造函数：初始化对象

复制构造函数：使用一个已经存在的对象，去初始化同类的一个新对象。

移动构造函数：可通过移动右值引用对象来安全的构造新对象，并且避免冗余复制对象的代价

析构函数：用来完成对象被删除前的一些清理工作

问题3

不能

任务2

 Complex.h

#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

class Complex
{
public:
  Complex(double r, double i);
  Complex(double r);
  Complex();
  Complex(const Complex &c);
  static const string doc;
  double get_real() const;
  double get_imag() const;
  void add(const Complex &c);
  friend Complex add(const Complex &c1, const Complex &c2);
  friend bool is_equal(const Complex &c1, const Complex &c2);
  friend bool is_not_equal(const Complex &c1, const Complex &c2);
  friend void output(Complex c);
  friend double abs(Complex c);

private:
  double real;
  double imag;
};

Complex.cpp

#include "Complex.h"
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

const string Complex::doc{"a simplified Complex calss"};

Complex::Complex(double r, double i)
{
  real = r;
  imag = i;
}

Complex::Complex(double r)
{
  real = r;
  imag = 0;
}

Complex::Complex()
{
  real = 0;
  imag = 0;
}

Complex::Complex(const Complex &c)
{
  real = c.real;
  imag = c.imag;
}

double Complex::get_real() const
{
  return real;
}

double Complex::get_imag() const
{
  return imag;
}

void Complex::add(const Complex &c)
{
  real += c.real;
  imag += c.imag;
}

Complex add(const Complex &c1, const Complex &c2)
{
  Complex s;
  s.real += c1.real + c2.real;
  s.imag += c1.imag + c2.imag;
  return s;
}

bool is_equal(const Complex &c1, const Complex &c2)
{
  if (c1.real == c2.real && c1.imag == c2.imag)
    return true;
  else
    return false;
}

bool is_not_equal(const Complex &c1, const Complex &c2)
{
  if (c1.real == c2.real && c1.imag == c2.imag)
    return false;
  else
    return true;
}

void output(Complex c)
{
  cout << c.real;
  if (c.imag < 0)
    cout << " - " << -c.imag << 'i';
  else
    cout << " + " << c.imag << 'i';
}

double abs(Complex c)
{
  double ans = 0;
  double a, b;
  a = c.real * c.real;
  b = c.imag * c.imag;
  ans = sqrt(a + b);
  return ans;
}

task2.cpp

#include "Complex.h"
#include <iostream>
using std::boolalpha;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;

void test()
{
  cout << "类成员测试: " << endl;
  cout << Complex::doc << endl;

  cout << endl;

  cout << "Complex对象测试: " << endl;
  Complex c1;
  Complex c2(3, -4);
  const Complex c3(3.5);
  Complex c4(c3);

  cout << "c1 = ";
  output(c1);
  cout << endl;
  cout << "c2 = ";
  output(c2);
  cout << endl;
  cout << "c3 = ";
  output(c3);
  cout << endl;
  cout << "c4 = ";
  output(c4);
  cout << endl;
  cout << "c4.real = " << c4.get_real() << ", c4.imag = " << c4.get_imag() << endl;

  cout << endl;

  cout << "复数运算测试: " << endl;
  cout << "abs(c2) = " << abs(c2) << endl;
  c1.add(c2);
  cout << "c1 += c2, c1 = ";
  output(c1);
  cout << endl;
  cout << boolalpha;
  cout << "c1 == c2 : " << is_equal(c1, c2) << endl;
  cout << "c1 != c3 : " << is_not_equal(c1, c3) << endl;
  c4 = add(c2, c3);
  cout << "c4 = c2 + c3, c4 = ";
  output(c4);
  cout << endl;
}

int main()
{
  test();
}

运行结果

任务3

#include <complex>
#include <iostream>

using std::boolalpha;
using std::complex;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;

void test()
{
  cout << "标准库模板类comple测试: " << endl;
  complex<double> c1;
  complex<double> c2(3, -4);
  const complex<double> c3(3.5);
  complex<double> c4(c3);

  cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
  cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
  cout << "c3 = " << c3 << endl;
  cout << "c4 = " << c4 << endl;
  cout << "c4.real = " << c4.real() << ", c4.imag = " << c4.imag() << endl;
  cout << endl;

  cout << "复数运算测试: " << endl;
  cout << "abs(c2) = " << abs(c2) << endl;
  c1 += c2;
  cout << "c1 += c2, c1 = " << c1 << endl;
  cout << boolalpha;
  cout << "c1 == c2 : " << (c1 == c2) << endl;
  cout << "c1 != c3 : " << (c1 != c3) << endl;
  c4 = c2 + c3;
  cout << "c4 = c2 + c3, c4 = " << c4 << endl;
}

int main()
{
  test();
}

接口:默认构造函数，普通构造函数，单参构造函数，复制构造函数，real,imag,abs,复数加法，判断复数是否相等

对比任务二

使用了标准库，省去了函数add，output，还有判断函数。

任务4

 task4.cpp

#include "Fraction.h"
#include <iostream>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;

void test1()
{
  cout << "Fraction类测试: " << endl;
  cout << Fraction::doc << endl
       << endl;

  Fraction f1(5);
  Fraction f2(3, -4), f3(-18, 12);
  Fraction f4(f3);
  cout << "f1 = ";
  output(f1);
  cout << endl;
  cout << "f2 = ";
  output(f2);
  cout << endl;
  cout << "f3 = ";
  output(f3);
  cout << endl;
  cout << "f4 = ";
  output(f4);
  cout << endl;

  Fraction f5(f4.negative());
  cout << "f5 = ";
  output(f5);
  cout << endl;
  cout << "f5.get_up() = " << f5.get_up() << ", f5.get_down() = " << f5.get_down() << endl;

  cout << "f1 + f2 = ";
  output(add(f1, f2));
  cout << endl;
  cout << "f1 - f2 = ";
  output(sub(f1, f2));
  cout << endl;
  cout << "f1 * f2 = ";
  output(mul(f1, f2));
  cout << endl;
  cout << "f1 / f2 = ";
  output(div(f1, f2));
  cout << endl;
  cout << "f4 + f5 = ";
  output(add(f4, f5));
  cout << endl;
}

void test2()
{
  Fraction f6(42, 55), f7(0, 3);
  cout << "f6 = ";
  output(f6);
  cout << endl;
  cout << "f7 = ";
  output(f7);
  cout << endl;
  cout << "f6 / f7 = ";
  output(div(f6, f7));
  cout << endl;
}

int main()
{
  cout << "测试1: Fraction类基础功能测试\n";
  test1();

  cout << "\n测试2: 分母为0测试: \n";
  test2();
}

Fraction.h

#pragma once
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

class Fraction
{
public:
  Fraction();
  Fraction(int a);
  Fraction(int a, int b);
  Fraction(const Fraction &f);
  static const string doc;
  int get_up() const;
  int get_down() const;
  Fraction negative();
  friend void output();
  friend Fraction sub(const Fraction &f1, const Fraction &f2);
  friend Fraction mul(const Fraction &f1, const Fraction &f2);
  friend Fraction add(const Fraction &f1, const Fraction &f2);
  friend Fraction div(const Fraction &f1, const Fraction &f2);

private:
  int s, x;
};

Fraction.cpp

#include "Fraction.h"

using namespace std;

Fraction::Fraction()
{
  s = 0;
  x = 0;
}
Fraction::Fraction(int a)
{
  s = a;
  x = 1;
}
Fraction::Fraction(int a, int b)
{
  s = a;
  x = b;
}
Fraction::Fraction(const Fraction &f)
{
  s = f.s;
  x = f.x;
}
const string Fraction::doc{"Fraction类 v 0.01版.\n目前仅支持分数对象的构造、输出、加/减/乘/除运算"};
int Fraction::get_up() const
{
  if (!s && x)
    return 0;
  else if (x)
  {
    int ss = s;
    int xx = x;
    int r;
    r = ss % xx;
    while (r)
    {
      ss = xx;
      xx = r;
      r = ss % xx;
    }
    r = xx;
    ss = s / r;
    return ss;
  }
}
int Fraction::get_down() const
{
  if (!x)
  {
    cout << "分母不能为0";
    return 0;
  }
  else if (x)
  {
    int ss = s;
    int xx = x;
    int r;
    r = ss % xx;
    while (r)
    {
      ss = xx;
      xx = r;
      r = ss % xx;
    }
    r = xx;
    xx = x / r;
    return xx;
  }
}
Fraction Fraction::negative()
{
  Fraction f0;
  f0.s = -s;
  f0.x = x;
  return f0;
}

void output(Fraction f)
{
  int ss = f.get_up(), xx = f.get_down();
  if (ss && xx)
    cout << 0;
  else if (xx)
  {
    int flag = 1;
    if (ss * xx < 0)
      flag = -1;

    ss = abs(ss);
    xx = abs(xx);
    cout << flag * ss << '/' << xx;
  }
}
Fraction add(const Fraction &f1, const Fraction &f2)
{
  return Fraction(f1.get_up() * f2.get_down() + f2.get_up() * f1.get_down(), f1.get_down() * f2.get_down());
}
Fraction sub(const Fraction &f1, const Fraction &f2)
{
  return Fraction(f1.get_up() * f2.get_down() - f2.get_up() * f1.get_down(), f1.get_down() * f2.get_down());
}
Fraction mul(const Fraction &f1, const Fraction &f2)
{
  return Fraction(f1.get_up() * f2.get_up(), f1.get_down() * f2.get_down());
}
Fraction div(const Fraction &f1, const Fraction &f2)
{
  return Fraction(f1.get_up() * f2.get_down(), f1.get_down() * f2.get_up());
}

任务5

acount.h

class SavingAccount
{
private:
  int id;
  double balance;
  double rate;
  int lastDate;
  double accumulation;
  static double total;
  void record(int, double);
  double accumulate(int date) const
  {
    return accumulation + balance * (date - lastDate);
  }

public:
  SavingAccount(int, int, double);
  int get_ID() const { return id; }
  double getBalance() const { return balance; }
  double getRate() const { return rate; }
  static double getTotal() { return total; }
  void deposit(int, double);
  void withdraw(int, double);
  void settle(int);
  void show() const;
};

account.cpp

#include "account.h"
#include <cmath>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

double SavingAccount::total=0;
SavingAccount::SavingAccount(int date,int id,double rate)
    :id(id),balance(0),rate(rate),lastDate(date),accumulation(0){
        cout<<date<<"\t#"<<id<<"is created"<<endl;
    }
void SavingAccount::record(int date,double amount){
    accumulation=accumulate(date);
    lastDate=date;
    amount=floor(amount*100+0.5)/100;
    balance+=amount;
    total+=amount;
    cout<<date<<"\t#"<<id<<"\t"<<amount<<"\t"<<balance<<endl;
}
void SavingAccount::deposit(int date,double amount){
    record(date,amount);
}
void SavingAccount::withdraw(int date,double amount){
    if(amount>getBalance())
        cout<<"Error: not enough money"<<endl;
    else
        record(date,-amount);
}
void SavingAccount::settle(int date){
    double interest=accumulate(date)*rate/365;
    if(interest!=0)
        record(date,interest);
    accumulation=0;
}
void SavingAccount::show() const{
    cout<<"#"<<id<<"\tBalance: "<<balance;
}

5_11.cpp

#include "account.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
    SavingAccount sa0(1,21325302,0.015);
    SavingAccount sa1(1,58320212,0.015);

    sa0.deposit(5,5000);
    sa1.deposit(25,10000);
    sa0.deposit(45,5500);
    sa1.withdraw(60,4000);
    sa0.settle(90);
    sa1.settle(90);
    sa0.show();cout<<endl;
    sa1.show();cout<<endl;
    cout<<"Total: "<<SavingAccount::getTotal()<<endl;
    return 0;
}

 

标签：const,int,double,Complex,实验,Fraction,include
From： https://www.cnblogs.com/mxh999/p/18494418

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