实验任务一
t.h
1 // 类T: 声明
2 class T {
3 // 对象属性、方法
4 public:
5 T(int x = 0, int y = 0); // 普通构造函数
6 T(const T &t); // 复制构造函数
7 T(T &&t); // 移动构造函数
8 ~T(); // 析构函数
9
10 void adjust(int ratio); // 按系数成倍调整数据
11 void display() const; // 以(m1, m2)形式显示T类对象信息
12
13 private:
14 int m1, m2;
15
16 // 类属性、方法
17 public:
18 static int get_cnt(); // 显示当前T类对象总数
19
20 public:
21 static const std::string doc; // 类T的描7述信息
22 static const int max_cnt; // 类T对象上限
23
24 private:
25 static int cnt; // 当前T类对象数目
26
27 // 类T友元函数声明
28 friend void func();
29 };
30
31 // 普通函数声明
32 void func();
t.cpp
1 // 类T: 实现
2 // 普通函数实现
3
4 #include "t.h"
5 #include <iostream>
6 #include <string>
7
8 using std::cout;
9 using std::endl;
10 using std::string;
11
12 // static成员数据类外初始化
13 const std::string T::doc{"a simple class sample"};
14 const int T::max_cnt = 999;
15 int T::cnt = 0;
16
17
18 // 对象方法
19 T::T(int x, int y): m1{x}, m2{y} {
20 ++cnt;
21 cout << "T constructor called.\n";
22 }
23
24 T::T(const T &t): m1{t.m1}, m2{t.m2} {
25 ++cnt;
26 cout << "T copy constructor called.\n";
27 }
28
29 T::T(T &&t): m1{t.m1}, m2{t.m2} {
30 ++cnt;
31 cout << "T move constructor called.\n";
32 }
33
34 T::~T() {
35 --cnt;
36 cout << "T destructor called.\n";
37 }
38
39 void T::adjust(int ratio) {
40 m1 *= ratio;
41 m2 *= ratio;
42 }
43
44 void T::display() const {
45 cout << "(" << m1 << ", " << m2 << ")" ;
46 }
47
48 // 类方法
49 int T::get_cnt() {
50 return cnt;
51 }
52
53 // 友元
54 void func() {
55 T t5(42);
56 t5.m2 = 2049;
57 cout << "t5 = "; t5.display(); cout << endl;
58 }
task1.cpp
1 #include "t.h"
2 #include <iostream>
3
4 using std::cout;
5 using std::endl;
6
7 void test();
8
9 int main() {
10 test();
11 cout << "\nmain: \n";
12 cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl;
13 }
14
15 void test() {
16 cout << "test class T: \n";
17 cout << "T info: " << T::doc << endl;
18 cout << "T objects'max count: " << T::max_cnt << endl;
19 cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl << endl;
20
21
22 T t1;
23 cout << "t1 = "; t1.display(); cout << endl;
24
25 T t2(3, 4);
26 cout << "t2 = "; t2.display(); cout << endl;
27
28 T t3(t2);
29 t3.adjust(2);
30 cout << "t3 = "; t3.display(); cout << endl;
31
32 T t4(std::move(t2));
33 cout << "t3 = "; t4.display(); cout << endl;
34
35 cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl;
36
37 func();
38 }
运行结果
问题一：不可以去掉func()
原因可能是因为func()函数没有在t.h中提前被声明
问题二 各种构造函数的功能，以及它们与析构函数 的调用时机。
析构函数：当对象结束其生命周期的时候，如对象所在函数已经调用完毕时，系统会自动执行析构函数。析构函数没有任何的参数也没有返回值，只能有一个析构函数，不能重载。如果用户没有编写，系统也会自动生成缺省的析构函数。
构造函数：是一种特殊的成员函数，它在对象创建时自动调用，用于初始化对象的成员变量。其名称必须与类名相同，且没有返回类型（即使是 void 也不能）。
复制构造函数：使用一个已经存在的对象去初始化同类的一个新对象
移动构造函数：它能够从一个右值引用创建新的对象，而无需进行深拷贝
问题三 不能正确编译运行
实验任务二
Complex.h
1 #pragma once
2 #include<iostream>
3 #include<string>
4 using namespace std;
5
6 class Complex{
7 public:
8 Complex(double x=0,double y=0);
9 Complex(const Complex &c);
10 ~Complex();
11
12 private:
13 double real,imag;
14
15 public:
16 double get_real() const;
17 double get_imag() const;
18 void add(const Complex &c);
19
20 public:
21 static const string doc;
22
23 private:
24 friend Complex add(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
25
26 friend bool is_equal(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
27
28 friend bool is_not_equal(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
29
30 friend void output(const Complex &c);
31
32 friend double abs(const Complex &c);
33 };
Complex.cpp
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<cmath>
#include"Complex.h"
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
const std::string Complex::doc{"a simplified complex class"};
double Complex::get_real() const{
return real;
}
double Complex::get_imag() const {
return imag;
}
Complex::Complex(double x,double y):real{x},imag{y}{}
Complex::Complex(const Complex &c):real{c.get_real()},imag{c.get_imag()}{
}
Complex::~Complex(){}
void Complex::add(const Complex &c){
real+=c.get_real();
imag+=c.get_imag();
}
Complex add(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2){
return Complex(c1.get_real()+c2.get_real(),c1.get_imag()+c2.get_imag());
}
bool is_equal(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2){
if (c1.get_real()==c2.get_real() && c1.get_imag()==c2.get_imag()){
return true;
}else{
return false;
}
}
bool is_not_equal(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2){
if (c1.get_real()==c2.get_real() && c1.get_imag()==c2.get_imag()){
return false;
}else{
return true;
}
}
void output(const Complex &c){
if(c.get_imag()>=0){
cout<<c.get_real()<<"+"<<c.get_imag()<<"i"<<endl;
}else{
cout<<c.get_real()<<c.get_imag()<<"i"<<endl;
}
}
double abs(const Complex &c){
return sqrt(c.get_imag()*c.get_imag()+c.get_real()*c.get_real());
}
task2.cpp
1 #include "Complex.h"
2 #include <iostream>
3
4 using std::cout;
5 using std::endl;
6 using std::boolalpha;
7
8 void test() {
9 cout << "类成员测试: " << endl;
10 cout << Complex::doc << endl;
11
12 cout << endl;
13
14 cout << "Complex对象测试: " << endl;
15 Complex c1;
16 Complex c2(3, -4);
17 const Complex c3(3.5);
18 Complex c4(c3);
19
20 cout << "c1 = "; output(c1); cout << endl;
21 cout << "c2 = "; output(c2); cout << endl;
22 cout << "c3 = "; output(c3); cout << endl;
23 cout << "c4 = "; output(c4); cout << endl;
24 cout << "c4.real = " << c4.get_real() << ", c4.imag = " << c4.get_imag() << endl;
25
26 cout << endl;
27
28 cout << "复数运算测试: " << endl;
29 cout << "abs(c2) = " << abs(c2) << endl;
30 c1.add(c2);
31 cout << "c1 += c2, c1 = "; output(c1); cout << endl;
32 cout << boolalpha;
33 cout << "c1 == c2 : " << is_equal(c1, c2) << endl;
34 cout << "c1 != c3 : " << is_not_equal(c1, c3) << endl;
35 c4 = add(c2, c3);
36 cout << "c4 = c2 + c3, c4 = "; output(c4); cout << endl;
37 }
38
39 int main() {
40 test();
41 }
运行结果
实验任务三
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <complex>
3
4 using std::cout;
5 using std::endl;
6 using std::boolalpha;
7 using std::complex;
8
9 void test() {
10 cout << "标准库模板类comple测试: " << endl;
11 complex<double> c1;
12 complex<double> c2(3, -4);
13 const complex<double> c3(3.5);
14 complex<double> c4(c3);
15
16 cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
17 cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
18 cout << "c3 = " << c3 << endl;
19 cout << "c4 = " << c4 << endl;
20 cout << "c4.real = " << c4.real() << ", c4.imag = " << c4.imag() << endl;
21 cout << endl;
22
23 cout << "复数运算测试: " << endl;
24 cout << "abs(c2) = " << abs(c2) << endl;
25 c1 += c2;
26 cout << "c1 += c2, c1 = " << c1 << endl;
27 cout << boolalpha;
28 cout << "c1 == c2 : " << (c1 == c2) << endl;
29 cout << "c1 != c3 : " << (c1 != c3) << endl;
30 c4 = c2 + c3;
31 cout << "c4 = c2 + c3, c4 = " << c4 << endl;
32 }
33
34 int main() {
35 test();
36 }
实验任务四
Fraction.h
1 #pragma once
2 #include<string>
3 #include<iostream>
4 using namespace std;
5
6 class Fraction{
7
8 public:
9 Fraction(int x,int y=1);
10 Fraction(const Fraction &f);
11 ~Fraction();
12 static const string doc;
13
14 public:
15 int get_up() const;
16 int get_down() const;
17 const Fraction negative();
18
19 private:
20 int up,down;
21
22 public:
23 friend void output(const Fraction &f);
24
25 friend Fraction add(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2);
26
27 friend Fraction sub(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2);
28
29 friend Fraction mul(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2);
30
31 friend Fraction div(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2);
32
33 };
Fraction.cpp
1 #include"fraction.h"
2 #include<string>
3 #include<iostream>
4 #include<cmath>
5
6 using std::cout;
7 using std::endl;
8
9 const std::string Fraction::doc="Fraction类 v0.01版.\n目前仅支持分数对象的构造、输出、加/减/乘/除运算.";
10
11 Fraction::Fraction(int x,int y){
12 int a=abs(x);
13 int b=y;
14 int t;
15 if (a%b==0){
16 t=b;
17 up=x/b;down=y/b;
18 }else if(b%a==0){
19 t=a;
20 up=x/a;down=y/b;
21 }else{
22 t=a%b;
23 while(t){
24 a=b;
25 b=t;
26 t=a%b;
27 }
28 up=x/b;down=y/b;
29 }
30 }
31
32 int Fraction::get_up() const{
33 return up;
34 }
35 int Fraction::get_down() const {
36 return down;
37 }
38 Fraction::Fraction(const Fraction &f):up{f.get_up()},down{f.get_down()}{};
39
40 Fraction::~Fraction(){};
41
42 const Fraction Fraction::negative(){
43 return Fraction((-1)*up,down);
44 }
45
46 void output(const Fraction &f){
47 if(f.get_down()==0){
48 cout<<"分母不能为0"<<endl;
49 }else if(f.get_down()==1){
50 cout<<f.get_up()<<endl;
51 }else{
52 cout<<f.get_up()<<"/"<<f.get_down()<<endl;
53 }
54 }
55
56 Fraction add(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2){
57 int up,down;
58 up=f1.get_up()*f2.get_down()+f1.get_down()*f2.get_up();
59 down=f1.get_down()*f2.get_down();
60 return Fraction(up,down);
61 }
62
63 Fraction sub(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2){
64 int up,down;
65 up=f1.get_up()*f2.get_down()-f1.get_down()*f2.get_up();
66 down=f1.get_down()*f2.get_down();
67 return Fraction(up,down);
68 }
69
70 Fraction mul(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2){
71 return Fraction(f1.get_up()*f2.get_up(),f1.get_down()*f2.get_down());
72 }
73
74 Fraction div(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2){
75 if (f2.get_up()==0){
76 printf("分母不能为0\n");
77 return Fraction(0);
78 }else{
79 return Fraction(f1.get_up()*f2.get_down(),f1.get_down()*f2.get_up());
80 }
81 }
task4.cpp
1 #include "Fraction.h"
2 #include <iostream>
3
4 using std::cout;
5 using std::endl;
6
7
8 void test1() {
9 cout << "Fraction类测试: " << endl;
10 cout << Fraction::doc << endl << endl;
11
12 Fraction f1(5);
13 Fraction f2(3, -4), f3(-18, 12);
14 Fraction f4(f3);
15 cout << "f1 = "; output(f1); cout << endl;
16 cout << "f2 = "; output(f2); cout << endl;
17 cout << "f3 = "; output(f3); cout << endl;
18 cout << "f4 = "; output(f4); cout << endl;
19
20 Fraction f5(f4.negative());
21 cout << "f5 = "; output(f5); cout << endl;
22 cout << "f5.get_up() = " << f5.get_up() << ", f5.get_down() = " << f5.get_down() << endl;
23
24 cout << "f1 + f2 = "; output(add(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
25 cout << "f1 - f2 = "; output(sub(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
26 cout << "f1 * f2 = "; output(mul(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
27 cout << "f1 / f2 = "; output(div(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
28 cout << "f4 + f5 = "; output(add(f4, f5)); cout << endl;
29 }
30
31 void test2() {
32 Fraction f6(42, 55), f7(0, 3);
33 cout << "f6 = "; output(f6); cout << endl;
34 cout << "f7 = "; output(f7); cout << endl;
35 cout << "f6 / f7 = "; output(div(f6, f7)); cout << endl;
36 }
37
38 int main() {
39 cout << "测试1: Fraction类基础功能测试\n";
40 test1();
41
42 cout << "\n测试2: 分母为0测试: \n";
43 test2();
44 }
实验任务五
user.h
1 #pragma once
2 #ifndef ACCOUNT_H
3 #define ACCOUNT_H
4 class SavingsAccount {
5 private:
6 int id;
7 double balance;
8 double rate;
9 int lastDate;
10 double accumulation;
11 static double total;
12
13 void record(int date, double amount);
14 double accumulate(int date)const {
15 return accumulation + balance * (date - lastDate);
16 }
17
18
19 public:
20 SavingsAccount(int date, int id, double rate);
21 int getId()const {
22 return id;
23 }
24 double getBanlance()const {
25 return balance;
26 }
27 double getRate()const {
28 return rate;
29 }
30 static double getTotal() {
31 return total;
32 }
33 void deposit(int date, double amcount);
34 void withdraw(int date, double amount);
35 void settle(int date);
36 void show()const;
37 };
38 #endif
View Code
user.cpp
1 #include"user.h"
2 #include<cmath>
3 #include<iostream>
4 using namespace std;
5 double SavingsAccount::total = 0;
6 SavingsAccount::SavingsAccount(int date, int id, double rate):id(id), balance(0), rate(rate), lastDate(date), accumulation(0) {
7 cout << date << "\t#" << id << " is created" << endl;
8 }
9
10 void SavingsAccount::record(int date, double amount) {
11 accumulation = accumulate(date);
12 lastDate = date;
13 amount = floor(amount * 100 + 0.5) / 100;
14 balance += amount;
15 total += amount;
16 cout << date << "\t#" << id << "\t" << amount << "\t" << balance << endl;
17 }
18
19 void SavingsAccount::deposit(int date, double amount) {
20 record(date, amount);
21 }
22
23 void SavingsAccount::withdraw(int date, double amount) {
24 if (amount > getBanlance())
25 cout << "Error: not enough money" << endl;
26 else
27 record(date, -amount);
28 }
29
30 void SavingsAccount::settle(int date) {
31 double interest = accumulate(date) * rate / 365;
32 if (interest != 0)
33 record(date, interest);
34 accumulation = 0;
35 }
36
37 void SavingsAccount::show()const {
38 cout << "#" << id << "\tBalance:" << balance;
39 }
View Code
account.cpp
1 #include"user.h"
2 #include<iostream>
3 using namespace std;
4 int main() {
5 SavingsAccount sa0(1, 21325302, 0.015);
6 SavingsAccount sa1(1, 58320212, 0.015);
7
8 sa0.deposit(5, 5000);
9 sa1.deposit(25, 10000);
10 sa0.deposit(45, 5500);
11 sa1.withdraw(60, 4000);
12
13 sa0.settle(90);
14 sa1.settle(90);
15
16 sa0.show(); cout << endl;
17 sa1.show(); cout << endl;
18 cout << "Total:" << SavingsAccount::getTotal() << endl;
19 return 0;
20 }
View Code
标签：const,get,对象,int,Complex,实验,Fraction,include From： https://www.cnblogs.com/wyhzmd/p/18504520