任务一
代码
1 #pragma once
2
3 #include <string>
4
5 // 类T: 声明
6 class T {
7 // 对象属性、方法
8 public:
9 T(int x = 0, int y = 0); // 普通构造函数
10 T(const T &t); // 复制构造函数
11 T(T &&t); // 移动构造函数
12 ~T(); // 析构函数
13
14 void adjust(int ratio); // 按系数成倍调整数据
15 void display() const; // 以(m1, m2)形式显示T类对象信息
16
17 private:
18 int m1, m2;
19
20 // 类属性、方法
21 public:
22 static int get_cnt(); // 显示当前T类对象总数
23
24 public:
25 static const std::string doc; // 类T的描述信息
26 static const int max_cnt; // 类T对象上限
27
28 private:
29 static int cnt; // 当前T类对象数目
30
31 // 类T友元函数声明
32 friend void func();
33 };
34
35 // 普通函数声明
36 void func();
37
38 -------------------------------------------------------------------
39
40 // 类T: 实现
41 // 普通函数实现
42
43 #include "t.h"
44 #include <iostream>
45 #include <string>
46
47 using std::cout;
48 using std::endl;
49 using std::string;
50
51 // static成员数据类外初始化
52 const std::string T::doc{"a simple class sample"};
53 const int T::max_cnt = 999;
54 int T::cnt = 0;
55
56
57 // 对象方法
58 T::T(int x, int y): m1{x}, m2{y} {
59 ++cnt;
60 cout << "T constructor called.\n";
61 }
62
63 T::T(const T &t): m1{t.m1}, m2{t.m2} {
64 ++cnt;
65 cout << "T copy constructor called.\n";
66 }
67
68 T::T(T &&t): m1{t.m1}, m2{t.m2} {
69 ++cnt;
70 cout << "T move constructor called.\n";
71 }
72
73 T::~T() {
74 --cnt;
75 cout << "T destructor called.\n";
76 }
77
78 void T::adjust(int ratio) {
79 m1 *= ratio;
80 m2 *= ratio;
81 }
82
83 void T::display() const {
84 cout << "(" << m1 << ", " << m2 << ")" ;
85 }
86
87 // 类方法
88 int T::get_cnt() {
89 return cnt;
90 }
91
92 // 友元
93 void func() {
94 T t5(42);
95 t5.m2 = 2049;
96 cout << "t5 = "; t5.display(); cout << endl;
97 }
98
99 ------------------------------------------------------------
100
101 #include "t.h"
102 #include <iostream>
103
104 using std::cout;
105 using std::endl;
106
107 void test();
108
109 int main() {
110 test();
111 cout << "\nmain: \n";
112 cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl;
113 }
114
115 void test() {
116 cout << "test class T: \n";
117 cout << "T info: " << T::doc << endl;
118 cout << "T objects'max count: " << T::max_cnt << endl;
119 cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl << endl;
120
121
122 T t1;
123 cout << "t1 = "; t1.display(); cout << endl;
124
125 T t2(3, 4);
126 cout << "t2 = "; t2.display(); cout << endl;
127
128 T t3(t2);
129 t3.adjust(2);
130 cout << "t3 = "; t3.display(); cout << endl;
131
132 T t4(std::move(t2));
133 cout << "t3 = "; t4.display(); cout << endl;
134
135 cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl;
136
137 func();
138 }
View Code
运行结果
问题一：
去掉line36不可以运行编译
问题二：
普通构造函数要在传递指定参数的时候，才会执行，析构函数是这个对象的作用域要结束的时候系统自己调用的。
问题三：
任务二
代码
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Complex{
public:
Complex(double x = 0,double y = 0);
Complex(const Complex &c);
~Complex();
private:
double real;
double imag;
public:
double get_real() const;
double get_imag() const;
void add(const Complex &c);
public:
static const string doc;
friend Complex add(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
friend bool is_equal(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
friend bool is_not_equal(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
friend double abs(const Complex &c);
friend void output(const Complex &c);
};
1 #include "Complex.h"
2 #include <iostream>
3 #include <string>
4 #include<math.h>
5 #include<cmath>
6
7 using std::cout;
8 using std::endl;
9 using std::string;
10
11 const std::string Complex::doc{"a simplified Complex class"};
12
13 double Complex::get_real() const{
14 return real;
15 }
16
17 double Complex::get_imag() const{
18 return imag;
19 }
20
21 Complex::Complex(double x,double y): real{x}, imag(y) {
22 }
23
24 Complex::Complex(const Complex &c1): real{c1.get_real()},imag{c1.get_imag()} {
25 }
26
27 Complex::~Complex(){
28 }
29
30 void Complex::add(const Complex &c){
31 real += c.get_real();
32 imag += c.get_imag();
33 }
34
35 Complex add(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2){
36 return Complex(c1.get_real() + c2.get_real(),c1.get_imag() + c2.get_imag());
37 }
38
39 bool is_equal(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2){
40 if(c1.get_real() == c2.get_real() && c1.get_imag() == c2.get_imag()){
41 return true;
42 }
43 return false;
44 }
45
46 bool is_not_equal(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2){
47 if(c1.get_real() == c2.get_real() && c1.get_imag() == c2.get_imag()){
48 return false;
49 }
50 return true;
51 }
52
53 double abs(const Complex &c){
54 return sqrt(c.get_real()*c.get_real() + c.get_imag()*c.get_imag());
55 }
56
57 void output(const Complex &c){
58 if(c.get_imag() >= 0){
59 cout << c.get_real() << " + " << c.get_imag() << "i" << endl;
60 }else{
61 cout << c.get_real() << " - " << std::abs(c.get_imag()) << "i" << endl;
62 }
63
64 }
1 #include "Complex.h"
2 #include <iostream>
3
4 using std::cout;
5 using std::endl;
6 using std::boolalpha;
7
8 void test() {
9 cout << "类成员测试: " << endl;
10 cout << Complex::doc << endl;
11
12 cout << endl;
13
14 cout << "Complex对象测试: " << endl;
15 Complex c1;
16 Complex c2(3, -4);
17 const Complex c3(3.5);
18 Complex c4(c3);
19
20 cout << "c1 = "; output(c1); cout << endl;
21 cout << "c2 = "; output(c2); cout << endl;
22 cout << "c3 = "; output(c3); cout << endl;
23 cout << "c4 = "; output(c4); cout << endl;
24 cout << "c4.real = " << c4.get_real() << ", c4.imag = " << c4.get_imag() << endl;
25
26 cout << endl;
27
28 cout << "复数运算测试: " << endl;
29 cout << "abs(c2) = " << abs(c2) << endl;
30 c1.add(c2);
31 cout << "c1 += c2, c1 = "; output(c1); cout << endl;
32 cout << boolalpha;
33 cout << "c1 == c2 : " << is_equal(c1, c2) << endl;
34 cout << "c1 != c3 : " << is_not_equal(c1, c3) << endl;
35 c4 = add(c2, c3);
36 cout << "c4 = c2 + c3, c4 = "; output(c4); cout << endl;
37 }
38
39 int main() {
40 test();
41 }
运行结果：
任务三
代码
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <complex>
3
4 using std::cout;
5 using std::endl;
6 using std::boolalpha;
7 using std::complex;
8
9 void test() {
10 cout << "标准库模板类comple测试: " << endl;
11 complex<double> c1;
12 complex<double> c2(3, -4);
13 const complex<double> c3(3.5);
14 complex<double> c4(c3);
15
16 cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
17 cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
18 cout << "c3 = " << c3 << endl;
19 cout << "c4 = " << c4 << endl;
20 cout << "c4.real = " << c4.real() << ", c4.imag = " << c4.imag() << endl;
21 cout << endl;
22
23 cout << "复数运算测试: " << endl;
24 cout << "abs(c2) = " << abs(c2) << endl;
25 c1 += c2;
26 cout << "c1 += c2, c1 = " << c1 << endl;
27 cout << boolalpha;
28 cout << "c1 == c2 : " << (c1 == c2) << endl;
29 cout << "c1 != c3 : " << (c1 != c3) << endl;
30 c4 = c2 + c3;
31 cout << "c4 = c2 + c3, c4 = " << c4 << endl;
32 }
33
34 int main() {
35 test();
36 }
结果
任务四
代码
1 #pragma once
2 #include<iostream>
3 #include<string>
4
5 using namespace std;
6
7 class Fraction{
8 public:
9 Fraction(int x,int y = 1);
10 Fraction(const Fraction &f);
11 ~Fraction();
12 int get_up() const;
13 int get_down() const;
14 Fraction negative();
15
16 private:
17 int up;
18 int down;
19
20 public:
21 static const string doc;
22 friend void output(const Fraction &f);
23 friend Fraction add(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2);
24 friend Fraction sub(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2);
25 friend Fraction mul(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2);
26 friend Fraction div(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2);
27
28 };
View Code
1 #include "Fraction.h"
2 #include <iostream>
3 #include <string>
4 #include<math.h>
5 #include<cmath>
6
7 using std::cout;
8 using std::endl;
9 using std::string;
10
11 const std::string Fraction::doc = "Fraction类基础功能测试";
12
13 Fraction::Fraction(int x,int y){
14 int a = abs(x),b = y;
15 while (b != 0) {
16 int temp = b;
17 b = a % b;
18 a = temp;
19 }
20 up = x / a;
21 down = y / a;
22 }
23
24 Fraction::Fraction(const Fraction &f): up{f.get_up()},down{f.get_down()}{
25 }
26
27 Fraction::~Fraction(){
28 }
29
30 int Fraction::get_up() const{
31 return up;
32 }
33
34 int Fraction::get_down() const{
35 return down;
36 }
37
38 Fraction Fraction::negative(){
39 return Fraction((-1)*up,down);
40 }
41
42 void output(const Fraction &f){
43 if(f.get_down() == 0){
44 cout << "分母不能为零";
45 return;
46 }
47 if(f.get_down() == 1){
48 cout << f.get_up();
49 }else{
50 cout << f.get_up() << "/" << f.get_down();
51 }
52 }
53
54 Fraction add(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2){
55 int gcd = f1.get_down();
56 int temp_b = f2.get_down();
57
58 while (temp_b != 0) {
59 int temp = temp_b;
60 temp_b = gcd % temp_b;
61 gcd = temp;
62 }
63
64 int minMax = std::abs(f1.get_down()*f2.get_down()) / gcd;
65
66 int i = minMax/f1.get_down();
67 int j = minMax/f2.get_down();
68
69 return Fraction(i*f1.get_up() + j*f2.get_up(),minMax);
70 }
71
72
73
74
75 Fraction sub(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2){
76 int gcd = f1.get_down();
77 int temp_b = f2.get_down();
78
79 while (temp_b != 0) {
80 int temp = temp_b;
81 temp_b = gcd % temp_b;
82 gcd = temp;
83 }
84
85 int minMax = std::abs(f1.get_down()*f2.get_down()) / gcd;
86 int i,j;
87
88 i = minMax/f1.get_down();
89 j = minMax/f2.get_down();
90
91 return Fraction(i*f1.get_up() - j*f2.get_up(),minMax);
92 }
93
94
95
96
97 Fraction mul(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2){
98 return Fraction(f1.get_up()*f2.get_up(),f1.get_down()*f2.get_down());
99 }
100
101 Fraction div(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2){
102 return Fraction(f1.get_up()*f2.get_down(),f1.get_down()*f2.get_up());
103 }
View Code
1 #include "Fraction.h"
2 #include <iostream>
3
4 using std::cout;
5 using std::endl;
6
7
8 void test1() {
9 cout << "Fraction类测试: " << endl;
10 cout << Fraction::doc << endl << endl;
11
12 Fraction f1(5);
13 Fraction f2(3, -4), f3(-18, 12);
14 Fraction f4(f3);
15 cout << "f1 = "; output(f1); cout << endl;
16 cout << "f2 = "; output(f2); cout << endl;
17 cout << "f3 = "; output(f3); cout << endl;
18 cout << "f4 = "; output(f4); cout << endl;
19
20 Fraction f5(f4.negative());
21 cout << "f5 = "; output(f5); cout << endl;
22 cout << "f5.get_up() = " << f5.get_up() << ", f5.get_down() = " << f5.get_down() << endl;
23
24 cout << "f1 + f2 = "; output(add(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
25 cout << "f1 - f2 = "; output(sub(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
26 cout << "f1 * f2 = "; output(mul(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
27 cout << "f1 / f2 = "; output(div(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
28 cout << "f4 + f5 = "; output(add(f4, f5)); cout << endl;
29 }
30
31 void test2() {
32 Fraction f6(42, 55), f7(0, 3);
33 cout << "f6 = "; output(f6); cout << endl;
34 cout << "f7 = "; output(f7); cout << endl;
35 cout << "f6 / f7 = "; output(div(f6, f7)); cout << endl;
36 }
37
38 int main() {
39 cout << "测试1: Fraction类基础功能测试\n";
40 test1();
41
42 cout << "\n测试2: 分母为0测试: \n";
43 test2();
44 }
View Code
运行结果
任务五
代码
1 #ifndef __ACCOUNT_H__
2 #define __ACCOUNT_H__
3
4 class SavingAccount {
5 private:
6 int id;
7 double balance;
8 double rate;
9 int lastDate;
10 double accumulation;
11
12 static double total;
13
14 void record(int data, double amount);
15 double accumulate(int date) const {
16 return accumulation + balance * (date - lastDate);
17 }
18
19 public:
20 SavingAccount(int date, int id, double rate);
21 int getId() const { return id; }
22 double getBalance() const { return balance; }
23 double getRate() const { return rate; }
24
25 static double getTotal() { return total; }
26
27 void deposit(int date, double amount);
28 void withdraw(int date, double amount);
29
30 void settle(int date);
31
32 void show() const;
33 };
View Code
1 #include "5.h"
2 #include <cmath>
3 #include <iostream>
4 using namespace std;
5
6 double SavingAccount::total = 0;
7
8 SavingAccount::SavingAccount(int date, int id, double rate)
9 : id{ id }, balance{ 0 }, rate{ rate }, lastDate{ date }, accumulation{ 0 } {
10 cout << date << "\t#" << id << "is created" << endl;
11 }
12
13 void SavingAccount::record(int date, double amount) {
14 accumulation = accumulate(date);
15 lastDate = date;
16 amount = floor(amount * 100 + 0.5) / 100;
17 balance += amount;
18 total += amount;
19 cout << date << "\t#" << id << "\t" << amount << "\t" << balance << endl;
20 }
21
22 void SavingAccount::deposit(int date, double amount) {
23 record(date, amount);
24 }
25
26 void SavingAccount::withdraw(int date, double amount) {
27 if (amount > getBalance())
28 cout << "Error: not enough money" << endl;
29 else
30 record(date, -amount);
31 }
32
33 void SavingAccount::settle(int date) {
34 double interest = accumulate(date) * rate / 365;
35 if (interest != 0)
36 record(date, interest);
37 accumulation = 0;
38 }
39
40 void SavingAccount::show() const {
41 cout << "#" << id << "\tBalance: " << balance;
42 }
View Code
1 #include "5.h"
2 #include <iostream>
3 using namespace std;
4
5 int main() {
6 SavingAccount sa0(1, 21325302, 0.015);
7 SavingAccount sa1(1, 58320212, 0.015);
8
9 sa0.deposit(5, 5000);
10 sa1.deposit(25, 10000);
11 sa0.deposit(45, 5500);
12 sa1.deposit(60, 4000);
13
14 sa0.settle(90);
15 sa1.settle(90);
16
17 sa0.show(); cout << endl;
18 sa1.show(); cout << endl;
19 cout << "Total: " << SavingAccount::getTotal() << endl;
20 }
View Code
运行结果
标签：const,get,int,Complex,实验,Fraction,include From： https://www.cnblogs.com/kujievan1/p/18494461