项目地址：https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter
一、安装blackbox_exporter
wget https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/releases/download/v0.25.0/blackbox_exporter-0.25.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz tar xf blackbox_exporter-0.25.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ cd /usr/local/ ln -sv blackbox_exporter-0.25.0.linux-amd64/ blackbox_exporter vim /etc/systemd/system/blackbox-exporter.service [Unit] Description=Prometheus Blackbox Exporter After=network.target [Service] Type=simple User=root Group=root ExecStart=/usr/local/blackbox_exporter/blackbox_exporter \ --config.file=/usr/local/blackbox_exporter/blackbox.yml \ --web.listen-address=:9115 Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target systemctl daemon-reload systemctl restart blackbox-exporter.service systemctl enable blackbox-exporter.service netstat -tnlp|grep 9115
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二、blackbox_exporter使用简介
1.页面使用http探测及结果解析
访问blackbox probe接口并传递对应参数 # target 指定探测的域名或地址 # module 指定探测的模块 # debug 开启或关闭debug模式 http://192.168.100.133:9115/probe?target=https://baidu.com&module=http_2xx&debug=true
探测结果说明
2.blackbox_exporter默认支持的探测模块
#共有以下7种 http_2xx代表http get方法，返回code为2xx代表正常 http_post_2xx代表http post方法，返回code为2xx代表正常 icmp 代表icmp 协议 irc_banner代表irc协议，需要匹配发送的请求和响应 pop3s_banner代表邮局协议 ssh_banner代表ssh探活 tcp_connect代表tcp端口探活
三、配置prometheus抓取
blackbox_exporter比较特殊，它的监控对象需要由prometheus提供
示例1：blackbox exporter 实现 URL 监控
- job_name: 'http_status'
metrics_path: /probe
params:
module: [http_2xx] #2xx状态码检测
static_configs:
- targets: ['http://www.xiaomi.com', 'http://www.jd.com/'] #对小米 京东检测
labels:
group: web
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__address__] #relabel 通过将__address__(当前目标地址)写入__param_target 标签来创建一个 label。
target_label: __param_target #监控目标 www.xiaomi.com,作为__address__的 value
- source_labels: [__param_target] #监控目标
target_label: instance #将监控目标与 url 创建一个 label
- target_label: __address__
replacement: 192.168.100.134:9115
/usr/local/prometheus/promtool check config prometheus.yml
curl -X POST http://127.0.0.1:9090/-/reload
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示例2：blackbox exporter 实现ICMP 监控
- job_name: 'icmp_status'
metrics_path: /probe
params:
module: [icmp]
static_configs:
- targets: ['192.168.100.131', '192.168.100.132']
labels:
group: icmp
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__address__] #relabel 通过将__address__(当前目标地址)写入__param_target 标签来创建一个 label。
target_label: __param_target #监控目标 www.xiaomi.com,作为__address__的 value
- source_labels: [__param_target] #监控目标
target_label: instance #将监控目标与 url 创建一个 label
- target_label: __address__
replacement: 192.168.100.134:9115
/usr/local/prometheus/promtool check config prometheus.yml
curl -X POST http://127.0.0.1:9090/-/reload
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示例3：blackbox_exporter 实现端口监控
- job_name: 'port_status'
metrics_path: /probe
params:
module: [tcp_connect]
static_configs:
- targets: ['192.168.100.131:9100', '192.168.100.132:8080']
labels:
group: port
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__address__] #relabel 通过将__address__(当前目标地址)写入__param_target 标签来创建一个 label。
target_label: __param_target #监控目标 www.xiaomi.com,作为__address__的 value
- source_labels: [__param_target] #监控目标
target_label: instance #将监控目标与 url 创建一个 label
- target_label: __address__
replacement: 192.168.100.134:9115
/usr/local/prometheus/promtool check config prometheus.yml
curl -X POST http://127.0.0.1:9090/-/reload
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四、配置grafana
推荐模板: ID 9965
name字段不显示问题
官方支持的exporter列表：https://prometheus.io/docs/instrumenting/exporters/
标签：__,黑盒,blackbox,target,label,prometheus,exporter,http From： https://www.cnblogs.com/panwenbin-logs/p/18454188