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这段文本讨论了文明社会中人们应有的自律性,以及缺乏自律可能导致的问题。以下是详细解释: ### 英文原文整理: 1. And this, in my opinion, is how things should be in a civilized society. ### 详细解释: 1. **And this, in my opinion, is how things should be in a civilized society.**
2. **But people who have been liberated from the harsh discipline of circumstance should then move on to acquire some measure of self-discipline.**
3. **Without self-discipline a man cannot play an adequate part in a civilized society: he will be just slopping around, accepting no responsibility, skimping the work he is supposed to be doing, cheating not only the bosses, the capitalists, but even his neighbours.**
4. **And unless he is an unusual type, he will not even find much satisfaction in this scrounging messy existence, which does nothing for a man's self-respect.**
### 总结: 这段文本强调了自律在文明社会中的重要性。作者认为,虽然人们应该从环境的严酷约束中解放出来,但他们也应该培养自律,以便在社会中发挥积极作用。缺乏自律可能导致人们无所事事、不承担责任、欺骗他人,这样的生活无法给人带来满足感,也不利于培养自尊。作者提倡人们应该追求更有意义和有尊严的生活方式。 |
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这段文本继续讨论了自律在文明社会中的重要性,并指出许多英国人目前面临的困境。以下是详细解释: ### 英文原文整理: 1. I am keeping this on the male side, if only because a woman's problems are generally more personal, immediate, emotionally urgent, so that unless she is a hopeless case she has to face and deal with some of them. ### 详细解释: 1. **I am keeping this on the male side, if only because a woman's problems are generally more personal, immediate, emotionally urgent, so that unless she is a hopeless case she has to face and deal with some of them.** 2. **And this is the situation that many of the English, decent at heart, find themselves in today.** 3. **Bewildered, they grope and mess around because they have fallen between two stools, the old harsh discipline having vanished and the essential new self-discipline either not understood or thought to be out of reach.**
### 总结: 这段文本强调了许多人,特别是英国男性,面临的困境。由于旧的社会约束已经消失,而新的自律尚未形成或被理解,许多人感到迷茫和困惑。他们需要找到新的方法来培养自律,以便在文明社会中发挥积极作用。作者认为,除非人们能够自我约束,否则他们将无法有效地参与社会生活,也无法实现个人的成长和发展。 |
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这段文本讨论了无聊(Boredom)作为工业化社会中一个日益严重的问题,以及它对社会的潜在威胁。以下是详细解释: ### 英文原文整理: 1. Boredom is a menace, now and in the future. ### 详细解释: 1. **Boredom is a menace, now and in the future.**
2. **All heavily industrialized societies are in the boredom business.** 3. **This is not simply because so much of the work they offer is boring.** 4. **It is also because, after having shattered the slow rhythms, the traditional skills, the closely knit communities of rural societies, they crowd people together, excite them by large promises that cannot be kept, so drive them into boredom.**
### 总结: 这段文本强调了无聊在工业化社会中是一个严重的问题,它不仅因为工作本身无聊,还因为工业化破坏了传统的生活方式和社会结构,导致人们失去了生活的意义和目标。工业化社会通过无法兑现的承诺激发人们的期望,最终使他们感到失望和无聊。作者认为,这是一个需要关注和解决的社会问题。 |
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这段文本讨论了无聊感对当代英国人的影响,以及它如何导致某些不良行为。以下是详细解释: ### 英文原文整理: 1. Now the English--at least the contemporary English of my experience can soon feel bored, ### 详细解释: 1. **Now the English--at least the contemporary English of my experience can soon feel bored,**
2. **which largely explains why they gamble and booze so much and enjoy any dramatic change in public life, any news that encourages excited talk:**
3. **the urban English have always seemed to me a dramatic people.** 4. **When boredom can't be banished, there is always danger ahead.**
5. **Teenagers, who have not been able to use up enough energy during the day (they should be worked harder), turn at night to idiot vandalism.**
6. **Later, if boredom hardens into frustration, some of them, too many of them, take to crime, all kinds from petty shop-lifting to ferocious robbery with violence.**
they should work harder the should be worked harder ### 总结: 这段文本强调了无聊感对当代英国人,尤其是城市青少年的影响。无聊感不仅导致他们沉迷于赌博和酗酒,还可能导致他们参与恶意破坏和犯罪行为。作者认为,如果青少年在白天没有足够的活动来消耗能量,他们可能会在夜晚寻找刺激,从而走向不良行为。因此,解决无聊问题对于预防犯罪和维护社会稳定至关重要。 |
这两句话虽然看起来很相似,但它们在语法结构和含义上有细微的差别: 1. **They should work harder.** 2. **They should be worked harder.** 通常情况下,我们会使用第一句 "They should work harder." 来表达这个意思,因为它更直接、更自然,并且清楚地表达了“他们”应该采取的行动。第二句可能会造成混淆,因为它的结构不够标准。 |
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这段文本讨论了无聊如何转化为挫败感,并最终导致一些人走向犯罪。以下是详细解释: ### 英文原文整理: Later, if boredom hardens into frustration, some of them, too many of them, take to crime, all kinds from petty shop-lifting to ferocious robbery with violence. ### 详细解释: 1. **Later, if boredom hardens into frustration,** 2. **some of them, too many of them, take to crime,** 3. **all kinds from petty shop-lifting to ferocious robbery with violence.**
### 短语解释: - **harden** 在这个上下文中,"harden" 指的是情绪或状态变得更加严重或强烈,即无聊感逐渐转变为强烈的挫败感。 ### 总结: 这段文本强调了无聊感如果得不到解决,可能会随着时间的推移转化为挫败感,并最终导致一些人走向犯罪行为。作者表达了对这种情况的担忧,并指出这种转变是一个严重的问题,需要关注和解决。 |