cobbler学习笔记

介绍

Cobbler is a versatile Linux deployment server
github链接：https://github.com/cobbler/cobbler
官网：https://cobbler.github.io/
文档：https://cobbler.readthedocs.io/en/latest/quickstart-guide.html

cobbler in docker博客：

https://blog.container-solutions.com/cobbler-in-a-docker-container
https://hub.docker.com/r/ethnchao/cobbler
docker pull ethnchao/cobbler

docker run \
-d \
--privileged \
--net host \
-v /sys/fs/cgroup:/sys/fs/cgroup:ro \
-v ./etc/cobbler/settings:/etc/cobbler/settings \
-v ./etc/cobbler/dhcp.template:/etc/cobbler/dhcp.template \
-v ./var/www/cobbler/images:/var/www/cobbler/images \
-v ./var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror:/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror \
-v ./var/www/cobbler/links:/var/www/cobbler/links \
-v ./var/lib/cobbler/config:/var/lib/cobbler/config \
-v ./var/lib/tftpboot:/var/lib/tftpboot \
-v ./dist/os:/mnt:ro \
-p 69:69 \
-p 80:80 \
-p 443:443 \
-p 25151:25151 \
--name cobbler dockerhub.icu/ethnchao/cobbler

修改配置文件 settings file,
change the value for manage_dhcp to 1
next_server and server variables.

manage_dhcp: 1
next_server: 192.168.39.152
server: 192.168.39.152

修改配置文件 dhcp_template

...
subnet 192.168.39.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
     option routers             192.168.39.2;
     option domain-name-servers 192.168.39.2;
     option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;
     range dynamic-bootp        192.168.39.200 192.168.39.254;
...

重启容器，访问服务https://192.168.39.152/cobbler_web

挂载镜像到容器内部

sudo mount -t iso9660 -o loop,ro -v ./dist/centos.iso ./dist/os
此时可以查看 ls ./dist/os

ll workerdir/dist/os/
total 117
drwxr-xr-x 8 root root  2048 Apr 22  2020 ./
drwxr-xr-x 4  777 root  4096 Jul 25 11:28 ../
-rw-rw-r-- 2 root root    14 Apr 21  2020 CentOS_BuildTag
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    29 Apr 21  2020 .discinfo
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root  2048 Apr 21  2020 EFI/
-rw-rw-r-- 3 root root   227 Aug 30  2017 EULA
-rw-rw-r-- 3 root root 18009 Dec 10  2015 GPL
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root  2048 Apr 21  2020 images/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  2048 Apr 21  2020 isolinux/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  2048 Apr 21  2020 LiveOS/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 73728 Apr 22  2020 Packages/
drwxrwxr-x 2 root root  4096 Apr 22  2020 repodata/
-rw-rw-r-- 3 root root  1690 Dec 10  2015 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
-rw-rw-r-- 3 root root  1690 Dec 10  2015 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7
-r--r--r-- 1 root root  2883 Apr 22  2020 TRANS.TBL
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   353 Apr 21  2020 .treeinfo

会多出一堆东西，这就是安装操作系统需要用到的，-t iso9660 应该是相当于刻盘工具，后期可以研究下这个选项

此时容器内部的/mnt识别不到新生成的文件，需要重启下容器再执行命令

docker restart cobbler
docker exec -it cobbler cobbler import --name=centos7 --arch=x86_64 --path=/mnt

这里又会报奇怪的错误，

task started: 2024-07-25_113952_import
task started (id=Media import, time=Thu Jul 25 11:39:52 2024)
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64:
creating new distro: centos7-x86_64
trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/centos7-x86_64
creating new profile: centos7-x86_64
associating repos
checking for rsync repo(s)
checking for rhn repo(s)
checking for yum repo(s)
starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64 for centos7-x86_64
processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml
error launching createrepo (not installed?), ignoring
Exception occured: <type 'exceptions.IOError'>
Exception value: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/config/centos7-x86_64.repo'
Exception Info:
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cobbler/modules/manage_import_signatures.py", line 599, in yum_process_comps_file
    config_file = open(fname, "w+")

*** TASK COMPLETE ***

GPT说需要安装一个包

替换为国内源 centos
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
yum repolist

安装repo包
yum install -y createrepo

接下来需要删除刚才导入的，重新导入

docker exec -it cobbler cobbler distro list
docker exec -it cobbler cobbler distro remove --name=centos7-x86_64
docker exec -it cobbler cobbler profile remove --name=centos7-x86_64

docker exec -it cobbler cobbler import --name=centos7 --arch=x86_64 --path=/mnt
装完还是报错，需要手动创建

docker exec -it cobbler bash -c 'mkdir -p /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/config'
docker exec -it cobbler bash -c 'cat < /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/config/centos7-x86_64.repo
[centos7-x86_64]
name=CentOS 7 x86_64
baseurl=file:///var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
EOF'

或者手动创建
createrepo /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64
cobbler check
cobbler sync

### centos自动安装遇到奇怪的错误

An unknown error has occurredanaconda 21.48.22.158-1 exception reportTraceback (most recent call first):File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/pyanaconda/packaging/yumpayload.py", line 1283, in _selectYumGroupl raise NoSuchGroup(groupid, required=required)File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/pyanaconda/packaging/yumpayload.py", line 1396, in _applyYumSelectionsl self. selectYumGroup("core")File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/pyanaconda/packaging/yumpayload.py", line 1454, in checkSoftuareSelectionl self._applyYumSelections()File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/pyanaconda/ui/tui/spokes/software.py", line 238, in checkSoftwareSelectionl self.payload.checkSoftwareSelection()File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/threading.py", line 765, in runself._target(*self. _args, *self._kwargs)File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/pyanaconda/threads.py", line 227, in run threading.Thread.run(self, wargs, kwargs)File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/pyanaconda/threads.py", line 92, in get self.raise_if_error(name)File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/pyanaconda/ui/tui/spokes/source.py", line 256, in readyl not threadMgr.get(THREAD_CHECK_SOFTWARE))File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/pyanaconda/ui/tui/hubs/summary.py", line 54, in l while not all(spoke. ready for spoke in spokes):File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/pyanaconda/ui/tui/hubs/summary.py", line 54, in setupl while not all(spoke. ready for spoke in spokes):File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/pyanaconda/ui/tui/init.py", line 171, in setupl should_schedule = ob.j.setup(self.ENUIRONMENT)File "/sbin/anaconda", line 1374, in anaconda._intf.setup(ksdata)NoSuchGroup: coreWhat do you want to do now?1) Report Bug3) Quit2) DebugPlease make your choice from above: 2Entering debugger... Use 'continue' command to quit the debugger and get back to the main windowl>/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/pyanaconda/packaging/yumpayload.py(1283)_selectYumGroup()l-> raise NoSuchGroup(groupid, required=required)(Pdb)[anaconda] 1:main 2:shell 3:log 4:storage-log 5:program-logSwitch tab: Alt+Tab i Help: F1

操作ubuntu记录

umount ./dist/os
sudo mount -t iso9660 -o loop,ro -v ./dist/ubuntu.iso ./dist/os
docker restart cobbler
docker exec -it cobbler cobbler import --name=ubuntu2004 --arch=x86_64 --path=/mnt

ubuntu报错记录
1. 解决办法
更新签名
cobbler signature update

received on stderr:
running: /usr/bin/file /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/ubuntu2004--arch=x86_64/dists/focal/restricted/binary-amd64/Release
received on stdout: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/ubuntu2004--arch=x86_64/dists/focal/restricted/binary-amd64/Release: ASCII text

received on stderr:
running: /usr/bin/file /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/ubuntu2004--arch=x86_64/dists/focal/restricted/binary-i386/Release
received on stdout: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/ubuntu2004--arch=x86_64/dists/focal/restricted/binary-i386/Release: ASCII text

received on stderr:
No signature matched in /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/ubuntu2004--arch=x86_64
!!! TASK FAILED !!!

### ubuntu安装cobbler具体步骤

参考链接：
https://cobbler.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation-guide.html

### pxe再ubuntu系统上安装ubuntu2204
https://linux.cn/article-13693-1.html