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0081_Search-in-Rotated-Sorted-Array-II【M】pivot 有序数组(值可重复)中的查找数值

时间:2024-07-10 16:26:30浏览次数:19  
标签:high Search target nums Rotated mid II low 区间

  • JY:pivot 有序数组(值可重复)中的查找数值

1、二分查找

  • 该题的任何解法同样可用于 0033_search-in-rotated-sorted-array【M】
  • nums可能包含重复元素,这会影响到程序的时间复杂度吗?
  • 会,使用二分查找局部有序时,当nums[mid] == nums[low]时(或其它类似情况),无法确定左侧区间还是右侧区间是升序区间,只能low左移一位后继续判断。
  • 该题在 0033_search-in-rotated-sorted-array【M】的基础上增加了重复的数字,当左端点和右端点(或中间值)相等时,无法判断mid的左半边还是右半边才是有序数组,可以在两端不断去除重复的元素后再进一步判断。
  • 基于lowhigh去除重复元素(否则后续可能出现nums[low] == nums[mid] == nums[high],使得无法定位哪部分区间有序),随后基于lowmid的值确定哪部分属于有序区间,再结合target所处区间判断更新low还是high
    • 如果nums[mid] == target,则直接返回
    • 如果nums[low] <= nums[mid],表明左侧区间有序;如果target在左侧区间,则更新high = mid - 1
    • 如果nums[low] > nums[mid],表明右侧区间有序;如果target在右侧区间,则更新low = mid + 1
from typing import List, Dict


class Solution:
    def search(self, nums: List[int], target: int) -> bool:

        low, high = 0, len(nums) - 1
        # jy: 当左右两端数值相等时, 移动 low 或 high, 直到两端数值不等
        #     (注意: low 和 high 不能同时移动, 否则重复的元素可能全部被清除)
        while low <  high and nums[low] == nums[high]:
            # low += 1
            high -= 1

        while low <= high:
            mid = low + (high - low) // 2
            if nums[mid] == target:
                return True

            if nums[low] <= nums[mid]:  
                if nums[low] <= target < nums[mid]:
                    high = mid - 1
                else:
                    low =  mid + 1
            else:            
                if nums[mid] < target <= nums[high]:
                    low = mid + 1
                else:
                    high = mid - 1

        return False


nums = [2, 5, 6, 0, 0, 1, 2]
target = 3
res = Solution().search(nums, target)
print(res)

2、改写解法 1

  • 优先判断midhigh的值,确定左侧还是右侧区间属于有序区间;再判断target是在左侧区间还是右侧区间,进而更新lowhigh
from typing import List, Dict


class Solution:
    def search(self, nums: List[int], target: int) -> bool:
        if not nums:
            return -1

        low, high = 0, len(nums) - 1
        while low <= high:
            mid = low + (high - low) // 2
            if nums[mid] == target:
                return True

            # jy: 如果 low 和 high 相等, 则移动 low 或 high (注意不能同时移
            #     动, 否则可能把重复的元素全部去除, 一个都不保留)
            if nums[low] == nums[high]:
                low += 1
                #high -= 1
                continue

            if nums[mid] <= nums[high]:
                if nums[mid] < target <= nums[high]:
                    low = mid + 1
                else:
                    high = mid - 1
            else:
                if nums[low] <= target < nums[mid]:
                    high = mid - 1
                else:
                    low = mid + 1
        return False


nums = [1, 0, 1, 1, 1]
target = 0
res = Solution().search(nums, target)
print(res)

3、修改解法 1 的去重逻辑

from typing import List, Dict


class Solution:
    def search(self, nums: List[int], target: int) -> bool:
        low, high = 0, len(nums) - 1
        while low <= high:
            mid = low + (high - low) // 2
            if nums[mid] == target:
                return True
            
            # jy: 当 mid、low、high 的值均相等时, 同时移动 low 和 high 也不
            #     会使得重复元素全部被清除 (至少还保留了 mid 位置的值)
            if nums[mid] == nums[low] == nums[high]:
                low += 1
                high -= 1
                continue

            if nums[low] <= nums[mid]:
                if nums[low] <= target < nums[mid]:
                    high = mid - 1
                else:
                    low = mid + 1
            else:
                if nums[mid] < target <= nums[high]:
                    low = mid + 1
                else:
                    high = mid - 1
        return False


nums = [1, 0, 1, 1, 1]
target = 0
res = Solution().search(nums, target)
print(res)

4、改写解法 3

  • 优先基于midhigh的值判断升序区间,随后判断target值是否位于升序区间,从而确定更新low还是high
  • 其实这道题只需根据 0033_search-in-rotated-sorted-array【M】的搜索改变一点判断就行,即当nums[low] == nums[mid] == nums[high]时不知道该怎么移动,此时low += 1high -= 1后再去判断即可
from typing import List, Dict


class Solution:
    def search(self, nums, target):
        low, high = 0, len(nums) - 1
        while low <= high:
            mid = (low + high) // 2
            if nums[mid] == target:
                return True

            if nums[low] == nums[mid] == nums[high]:
                low += 1
                high -= 1
                continue

            if nums[mid] <= nums[high]:
                if nums[mid] < target <= nums[high]:
                    low = mid + 1
                else:
                    high = mid - 1
            else:
                if nums[low] <= target < nums[mid]:
                    high = mid - 1
                else:
                    low = mid + 1
        return False


nums = [1, 0, 1, 1, 1]
target = 0
res = Solution().search(nums, target)
print(res)

标签:high,Search,target,nums,Rotated,mid,II,low,区间
From: https://blog.csdn.net/m0_66491750/article/details/140265745

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