https://blog.51cto.com/qiangsh/1977449
主机和硬件监控
可用内存指标
主机中可用内存容量不足 10%
- alert: HostOutOfMemory
expr: node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes / node_memory_MemTotal_bytes * 100 < 10
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Host out of memory (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Node memory is filling up (< 10% left)\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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内存
节点内存压力大。主要页面故障率高
- alert: HostMemoryUnderMemoryPressure
expr: rate(node_vmstat_pgmajfault[1m]) > 1000
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Host memory under memory pressure (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: The node is under heavy memory pressure. High rate of major page faults\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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主机网络接口流入流量异常
主机网络接口可能接收了太多的数据（> 100 MB/s）。阀值根据自己机器背板网卡决定
- alert: HostUnusualNetworkThroughputIn
expr: sum by (instance) (rate(node_network_receive_bytes_total[2m])) / 1024 / 1024 > 100
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Host unusual network throughput in (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Host network interfaces are probably receiving too much data (> 100 MB/s)\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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主机网络接口流出流量异常
主机网络接口可能发送了太多的数据（> 100 MB/s）。
- alert: HostUnusualNetworkThroughputOut
expr: sum by (instance) (rate(node_network_transmit_bytes_total[2m])) / 1024 / 1024 > 100
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Host unusual network throughput out (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Host network interfaces are probably sending too much data (> 100 MB/s)\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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主机网络接收错误
{{ $labels.instance }}接口{{ $labels.device }}在过去5分钟内遇到{{ printf "%.0f" $value }}接收错误。
- alert: HostNetworkReceiveErrors
expr: increase(node_network_receive_errs_total[5m]) > 0
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Host Network Receive Errors (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: {{ $labels.instance }} interface {{ $labels.device }} has encountered {{ printf "%.0f" $value }} receive errors in the last five minutes.\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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主机网络传输错误
{{ $labels.instance }} 接口 {{ $labels.device }} 在过去五分钟内遇到 {{ printf "%.0f" $value }} 发送错误。
- alert: HostNetworkTransmitErrors
expr: increase(node_network_transmit_errs_total[5m]) > 0
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Host Network Transmit Errors (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: {{ $labels.instance }} interface {{ $labels.device }} has encountered {{ printf "%.0f" $value }} transmit errors in the last five minutes.\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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主机磁盘读速率
磁盘每秒读数据（> 50 MB/s）。
- alert: HostUnusualDiskReadRate
expr: sum by (instance) (rate(node_disk_read_bytes_total[2m])) / 1024 / 1024 > 50
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Host unusual disk read rate (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Disk is probably reading too much data (> 50 MB/s)\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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主机磁盘写速率
磁盘每秒写数据
- alert: HostUnusualDiskWriteRate
expr: sum by (instance) (rate(node_disk_written_bytes_total[2m])) / 1024 / 1024 > 50
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Host unusual disk write rate (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Disk is probably writing too much data (> 50 MB/s)\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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主机磁盘剩余空间
磁盘可用空间（<10% left）
# please add ignored mountpoints in node_exporter parameters like
# "--collector.filesystem.ignored-mount-points=^/(sys|proc|dev|run)($|/)"
- alert: HostOutOfDiskSpace
expr: (node_filesystem_avail_bytes * 100) / node_filesystem_size_bytes < 10
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Host out of disk space (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Disk is almost full (< 10% left)\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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根据磁盘目前的增长速度，在几个小时内是否会写满
根据当前一小时内磁盘增长量，判断磁盘在 4 个小时内会不会被写满
- alert: HostDiskWillFillIn4Hours
expr: predict_linear(node_filesystem_free_bytes{fstype!~"tmpfs"}[1h], 4 * 3600) < 0
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Host disk will fill in 4 hours (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Disk will fill in 4 hours at current write rate\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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主机中inode 文件句柄报警
磁盘可用的inode快用完了（<10%）。
- alert: HostOutOfInodes
expr: node_filesystem_files_free{mountpoint ="/rootfs"} / node_filesystem_files{mountpoint ="/rootfs"} * 100 < 10
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Host out of inodes (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Disk is almost running out of available inodes (< 10% left)\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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磁盘读延迟
磁盘读取延迟大（读取操作>100ms）
- alert: HostUnusualDiskReadLatency
expr: rate(node_disk_read_time_seconds_total[1m]) / rate(node_disk_reads_completed_total[1m]) > 0.1 and rate(node_disk_reads_completed_total[1m]) > 0
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Host unusual disk read latency (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Disk latency is growing (read operations > 100ms)\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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磁盘写入延迟大
磁盘写入延迟大（写操作>100ms）
- alert: HostUnusualDiskWriteLatency
expr: rate(node_disk_write_time_seconds_total[1m]) / rate(node_disk_writes_completed_total[1m]) > 0.1 and rate(node_disk_writes_completed_total[1m]) > 0
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Host unusual disk write latency (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Disk latency is growing (write operations > 100ms)\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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主机 cpu 负载高
cpu 负载大于 > 80%
- alert: HostHighCpuLoad
expr: 100 - (avg by(instance) (rate(node_cpu_seconds_total{mode="idle"}[5m])) * 100) > 80
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Host high CPU load (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: CPU load is > 80%\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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主机上下文切换
上下文切换的节点越来越多(>1000/s)
# 1000 context switches is an arbitrary number.
# Alert threshold depends on nature of application.
# Please read: https://github.com/samber/awesome-prometheus-alerts/issues/58
- alert: HostContextSwitching
expr: (rate(node_context_switches_total[5m])) / (count without(cpu, mode) (node_cpu_seconds_total{mode="idle"})) > 1000
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Host context switching (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Context switching is growing on node (> 1000 / s)\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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主机 swap 分区使用
主机 swap 交换分区使用情况 (> 80%)
- alert: HostSwapIsFillingUp
expr: (1 - (node_memory_SwapFree_bytes / node_memory_SwapTotal_bytes)) * 100 > 80
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Host swap is filling up (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Swap is filling up (>80%)\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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主机 systemctl 管理的服务 down 了
主机上systemctl 管理的服务不正常，failed了，根据自己的实际情况来判断哪些服务
- alert: HostSystemdServiceCrashed
expr: node_systemd_unit_state{state="failed"} == 1
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Host SystemD service crashed (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: SystemD service crashed\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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主机物理元设备(有的虚拟机可能没有此指标)
物理机温度过高
- alert: HostPhysicalComponentTooHot
expr: node_hwmon_temp_celsius > 75
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Host physical component too hot (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Physical hardware component too hot\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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主机节点超温报警(有的虚拟机可能没有此指标)
触发物理节点温度报警
- alert: HostNodeOvertemperatureAlarm
expr: node_hwmon_temp_alarm == 1
for: 5m
labels:
severity: critical
annotations:
summary: Host node overtemperature alarm (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Physical node temperature alarm triggered\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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主机RAID 卡阵列失效(虚拟机可能没有此指标)
RAID阵列{{$labels.device }}由于一个或多个磁盘故障而处于退化状态。备用硬盘的数量不足以自动修复问题。
- alert: HostRaidArrayGotInactive
expr: node_md_state{state="inactive"} > 0
for: 5m
labels:
severity: critical
annotations:
summary: Host RAID array got inactive (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: RAID array {{ $labels.device }} is in degraded state due to one or more disks failures. Number of spare drives is insufficient to fix issue automatically.\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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主机RAID磁盘故障(虚拟机可能没有此指标)
在{{ $labels.instance }} 的RAID阵列中至少有一个设备失败。阵列{{ $labels.md_device }}需要注意，可能需要进行磁盘更换
- alert: HostRaidDiskFailure
expr: node_md_disks{state="failed"} > 0
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Host RAID disk failure (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: At least one device in RAID array on {{ $labels.instance }} failed. Array {{ $labels.md_device }} needs attention and possibly a disk swap\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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主机内核版本偏差
不同的内核版本正在运行
- alert: HostKernelVersionDeviations
expr: count(sum(label_replace(node_uname_info, "kernel", "$1", "release", "([0-9]+.[0-9]+.[0-9]+).*")) by (kernel)) > 1
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Host kernel version deviations (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Different kernel versions are running\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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检测主机 OOM 杀进程
- alert: HostOomKillDetected
expr: increase(node_vmstat_oom_kill[5m]) > 0
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Host OOM kill detected (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: OOM kill detected\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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检测到主机EDAC可纠正的错误
{{ $labels.instance }}在过去5分钟内，EDAC报告了{{ printf "%.0f" $value }}可纠正的内存错误。
- alert: HostEdacCorrectableErrorsDetected
expr: increase(node_edac_correctable_errors_total[5m]) > 0
for: 5m
labels:
severity: info
annotations:
summary: Host EDAC Correctable Errors detected (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: {{ $labels.instance }} has had {{ printf "%.0f" $value }} correctable memory errors reported by EDAC in the last 5 minutes.\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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检测到主机EDAC不正确的错误
{{ $labels.instance }}在过去5分钟内，EDAC报告了{{ printf "%.0f" $value }}不可纠正的内存错误。
- alert: HostEdacUncorrectableErrorsDetected
expr: node_edac_uncorrectable_errors_total > 0
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Host EDAC Uncorrectable Errors detected (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: {{ $labels.instance }} has had {{ printf "%.0f" $value }} uncorrectable memory errors reported by EDAC in the last 5 minutes.\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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Docker 容器
一个容器消失
- alert: ContainerKilled
expr: time() - container_last_seen > 60
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Container killed (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: A container has disappeared\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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容器 cpu 的使用量
容器CPU使用率超过80%。
# cAdvisor有时会消耗大量的CPU，所以这个警报会不断地响起。
# If you want to exclude it from this alert, just use: container_cpu_usage_seconds_total{name!=""}
- alert: ContainerCpuUsage
expr: (sum(rate(container_cpu_usage_seconds_total[3m])) BY (instance, name) * 100) > 80
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Container CPU usage (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Container CPU usage is above 80%\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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容器内存的使用量
容器内存使用率超过 80%。
# See https://medium.com/faun/how-much-is-too-much-the-linux-oomkiller-and-used-memory-d32186f29c9d
- alert: ContainerMemoryUsage
expr: (sum(container_memory_working_set_bytes) BY (instance, name) / sum(container_spec_memory_limit_bytes > 0) BY (instance, name) * 100) > 80
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Container Memory usage (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Container Memory usage is above 80%\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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容器磁盘的使用量
容器磁盘使用量超过 80%
- alert: ContainerVolumeUsage
expr: (1 - (sum(container_fs_inodes_free) BY (instance) / sum(container_fs_inodes_total) BY (instance)) * 100) > 80
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Container Volume usage (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Container Volume usage is above 80%\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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Redis 相关报警信息
redis down
redis 服务 down 了，报警
- alert: RedisDown
expr: redis_up == 0
for: 5m
labels:
severity: critical
annotations:
summary: Redis down (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Redis instance is down\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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redis 缺少主节点(集群，或者sentinel 模式才有)
redis 集群中缺少标记的主节点
- alert: RedisMissingMaster
expr: (count(redis_instance_info{role="master"}) or vector(0)) < 1
for: 5m
labels:
severity: critical
annotations:
summary: Redis missing master (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Redis cluster has no node marked as master.\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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Redis 主节点过多
redis 集群中被标记的主节点过多
- alert: RedisTooManyMasters
expr: count(redis_instance_info{role="master"}) > 1
for: 5m
labels:
severity: critical
annotations:
summary: Redis too many masters (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Redis cluster has too many nodes marked as master.\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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Redis 复制中断
Redis实例丢失了一个slave
- alert: RedisReplicationBroken
expr: delta(redis_connected_slaves[1m]) < 0
for: 5m
labels:
severity: critical
annotations:
summary: Redis replication broken (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Redis instance lost a slave\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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Redis 集群 flapping
在Redis副本连接中检测到变化。当复制节点失去与主节点的连接并重新连接（也就是flapping）时，会发生这种情况。
- alert: RedisClusterFlapping
expr: changes(redis_connected_slaves[5m]) > 2
for: 5m
labels:
severity: critical
annotations:
summary: Redis cluster flapping (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Changes have been detected in Redis replica connection. This can occur when replica nodes lose connection to the master and reconnect (a.k.a flapping).\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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Redis缺少备份
Redis已经有24小时没有备份了。
- alert: RedisMissingBackup
expr: time() - redis_rdb_last_save_timestamp_seconds > 60 * 60 * 24
for: 5m
labels:
severity: critical
annotations:
summary: Redis missing backup (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Redis has not been backuped for 24 hours\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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Redis内存不足
Redis内存耗尽（>90%）。
#需要 redis 实例设置 maxmemory maxmemory-policy 最大使用内存参数
- alert: RedisOutOfMemory
expr: redis_memory_used_bytes / redis_total_system_memory_bytes * 100 > 90
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Redis out of memory (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Redis is running out of memory (> 90%)\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
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Redis连接数过多
Redis实例有太多的连接
- alert: RedisTooManyConnections
expr: redis_connected_clients > 100
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Redis too many connections (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Redis instance has too many connections\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
Redis连接数不足
Redis实例应该有更多的连接（> 5）。
- alert: RedisNotEnoughConnections
expr: redis_connected_clients < 5
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Redis not enough connections (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Redis instance should have more connections (> 5)\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
Redis拒绝连接
一些与Redis的连接已被拒绝
- alert: RedisRejectedConnections
expr: increase(redis_rejected_connections_total[1m]) > 0
for: 5m
labels:
severity: critical
annotations:
summary: Redis rejected connections (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Some connections to Redis has been rejected\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
rabbitmq 监控 : [rabbitmq/rabbitmq-prometheus ]
rabbitmq 节点 down
节点数量少于 1 个
- alert: Rabbitmq 节点 down！
expr: sum(rabbitmq_version_info) < 1
for: 5m
labels:
severity: critical
annotations:
summary: "Rabbitmq node down (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
description: "Less than 1 nodes running in RabbitMQ cluster！"
current: '{{ $value }}'
- alert: RabbitmqDown
expr: rabbitmq_up == 0
for: 5m
labels:
severity: critical
annotations:
summary: "Rabbitmq down (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
description: "RabbitMQ node down！"
current: '{{ $value }}'
Rabbitmq实例的不同版本
在同一集群中运行不同版本的Rabbitmq，可能会导致失败。
- alert: RabbitMQ 实例版本不同
expr: count(count(rabbitmq_exporter_build_info) by (rabbitmq_version_info)) > 1
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: "Rabbitmq instances different versions (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
description: "在同一集群中运行不同版本的 Rabbitmq，可能会导致故障。"
current: '{{ $value }}'
- alert: RabbitMQ 集群分区
expr: rabbitmq_partitions > 0
for: 5m
labels:
severity: critical
annotations:
summary: Rabbitmq cluster partition (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Cluster partition
current: '{{ $value }}'
Rabbitmq内存高
一个节点使用了90%以上的内存分配。
- alert: Rabbitmq 内存报警
expr: rabbitmq_process_resident_memory_bytes / rabbitmq_resident_memory_limit_bytes * 100 > 90
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Rabbitmq memory high (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: A node use more than 90% of allocated RAM\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
- alert: RabbitmqOutOfMemory
expr: rabbitmq_node_mem_used / rabbitmq_node_mem_limit * 100 > 90
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Rabbitmq out of memory (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Memory available for RabbmitMQ is low (< 10%)\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
Rabbitmq文件描述符的用法
一个节点使用90%以上的文件描述符。
- alert: RabbitMQ 文件描述符使用率
expr: rabbitmq_fd_used / rabbitmq_fd_available * 100 > 90
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: "Rabbitmq file descriptors usage (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
description: "A node use more than 90% of file descriptors！"
current: '{{ $value }}'
Rabbitmq无队列消费
一个队列的消费者少于1个
- alert: Rabbitmq 无队列消费
expr: rabbitmq_consumers < 1
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: "Rabbitmq no queue consumer (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
description: "A queue has less than 1 consumer！"
current: '{{ $value }}'
- alert: RabbitmqSlowQueueConsuming
expr: time() - rabbitmq_queue_head_message_timestamp{queue="my-queue"} > 60
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: Rabbitmq slow queue consuming (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
description: Queue messages are consumed slowly (> 60s)\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}
Rabbitmq不可路由的消息
一个队列有不可更改的消息
rabbitmq_channel_messages_unroutable_dropped_total -> rabbitmq_queue_messages_returned_total
复制
- alert: RabbitMQ 不可路由的消息
expr: increase(rabbitmq_queue_messages_returned_total[5m]) > 0
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: "Rabbitmq unroutable messages (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
description: "A queue has unroutable messages！"
current: '{{ $value }}'
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prometheus 告警指标
https://blog.51cto.com/qiangsh/1977449