2002 年考研英语真题 - 阅读 1 解析
If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. [1]
翻译：如果你想在谈话中运用幽默来令人发笑，你就必须知道如何识别共同的经历和问题。
1. If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, 是 if 引导的条件状语从句。
2. intend doing 打算干某事；想做的事情。
3. to make people smile, 是 to do 不定式短语作目的状语。
4. how to identify shared experiences and problems. 是 how 引导的从句，作 know 的宾语。
5. shared experience 共同的经历；分享经验。
Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. [2]
翻译：你的幽默必须与听众有关，并且能够向他们表示你是他们中的一员，或者表示你了解他们的情况，赞同他们的观点。
1. must be 和 should help 并列作主句谓语。
2. be relevant to 和… 相关。
3. that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view, 是两个 or 连接的 that 从句，并列作 show 的宾语。
4. in sympathy with 同情；赞成。
5. point of view 观点；见地；立场。
Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. [3]
翻译：取决于你演讲的对象，（演讲时面临的）问题也有所不同。
1. Depending on whom you are addressing, 是现在分词短语作定语，修饰 the problems。
2. depend on 取决于；依赖；依靠。
3. whom you are addressing, 是 whom 引导的从句，作 denpending on 的宾语。
If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses. [4]
翻译：如果你正在和一群经理谈话，你可以提及他们秘书杂乱无章的工作方法；相反，如果你正在和一群秘书谈话，你可能想要批评他们紊乱的老板。
1. 分号连接两个并列句，每个并列句都有一个 if 引导的条件从句。
2. a group of 一组，一群。
3. refer to 参考；涉及；指的是；适用于。
4. of their secretaries, 介词短语作定语，修饰 the disorganized methods。
5. comment on 对… 评论。
Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses' convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. [5]
翻译：这里有一个故事可以作为例子，它是我在一个护士大会上听来的，它的效果很好，因为听众对医生的看法都是一样的。
1. which I heard at a nurses' convention, 是 which 引导的定语从句，作插入语，修饰 an example。
2. of a story, 介词短语作定语，修饰 an example。
3. which works well (because...), 是 which 引导的定语从句，修饰 a story。
4. because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. 是 because 引导的原因状语从句。
5. share the same views 志同道合。
6. of doctors. 介词短语作定语，修饰 the same view。
A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. [6]
翻译：一个人到了天堂之后，St. Peter 带着他（到处）参观。
1. arrive in 抵达，到达。
2. show around 带领… 参观。
He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. [7]
翻译：他看到了令人称奇的住宅、美丽的花园、晴朗的天气等景象。
1. beautiful garden 美丽的花园。
2. sunny weather 阳光灿烂的天气。
3. and so on. 等等；诸如此类。
Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. [8]
翻译：所有人都很平静、礼貌并且友善， 直到当这个新来的人在排队等候午餐时，突然被一位穿着白大褂的人推到一旁，这个穿着白大褂的人冲到了队伍的最前头，抓起他的食物，噔噔地走到了一张餐桌旁。
1. until...the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man(who...), 是 until 引导的时间状语从句。
2. waiting in a line for lunch, 是现在分词短语作时间状语。
3. wait in line 排队等候。
4. a new arrival 新来的人；新生儿。
5. push aside 把… 向旁边推；推开。
6. in a white coat, 介词短语作定语，修饰 a man。
7. who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. 是 who 引导的定语从句，修饰 a man in a white coat；从句中 rushes, grabs, stomps 并列作谓语。
8. rush to 将… 匆匆送往；火速赶往…；急着做…。
9. of the line, 是介词短语作定语，修饰 the head。
10. stomp over 用力跺；踩在。
"Who is that?" the new arrival asked St. Peter. [9]
翻译：“那是谁啊？” 新来的人问 St. Peter。
1. the new arrival 新来的人；新生儿。
2. "Who is that?" 作 asked 的宾语。
"Oh, that's God,"came the reply,"but sometimes he thinks he's a doctor." [10]
翻译：“哦，那是上帝，” 回答说，“但是有时他也认为自己是一名医生。”
1. 该句子正常语序为：The reply came:"Oh, that's God, but sometimes he thinks he's a doctor."。
2. 双引号为引语，由 but 连接两个并列句子，作 reply 的同位语，对其解释说明。
3. he's a doctor. 是省略引导词的从句，作 thinks 的宾语。
If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it'll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman's notorious bad taste in ties. [11]
翻译：如果你属于你正在与之交谈的那个群体中的一员，你就能够了解你们所共有的经历和问题，你就适合对餐厅极难吃的食物或者董事长在选择领带方面出了名的差劲品味顺便发表一下评论。
1. 该句子的主句是 and（第二个 and）连接的两个并列句。
2. If you are part of the group which you are addressing, 是 if 引导的条件状语从句。
3. part of 部分的；一部分。
4. which you are addressing, 是 which 引导的定语从句，修饰 the group。
5. to know the experiences and problems (which...), 是 to do 不定式短语作定语，修饰 a position。
6. which are common to all of you, 是 which 引导的定语从句，修饰 the experiences and problems。
7. be common to 对… 是共同的；对某人来说很普通。
8. 第二个并列句的 it 是形式主语，代指后面的 to do 不定式短语（to make...）。
9. be appropriate for 适合于；适当。
10. passing remark 顺便讲的话；随口的评论。
11. about the inedible canteen food or the chairman's notorious bad taste in ties. 是介词短语作定语，修饰 a passing remark。
12. canteen food 饭堂食物；食堂饭菜。
13. bad taste 低级趣味，粗俗；坏品味。
14. taste in 对… 的审美能力；对… 的品味。
With other audiences you mustn't attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. [12]
翻译：对于其他听众，（在说话时）你就不能尝试插入这种幽默，因为外人贬损他们的餐厅或领导可能会使这些人产生愤恨。
1. With other audiences, 介词短语作方面状语。
2. attempt to do sth 尝试做某事；试图做某事。
3. cut in 插嘴；超车；插入。
4. with humor, 介词短语作方式状语。
5. as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks (about...). 是 as 引导的原因状语从句。
6. making disparaging remarks, 是现在分词短语作宾语 an outsider 的补语。
7. disparaging remark 贬损言论。
8. about their canteen or their chairman. 是介词短语作定语，修饰 disparaging remarks。
You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system. [13]
翻译：如果你还是坚持拿邮局或电信部门这样的替罪羊（开玩笑），那你会更安全些。
1. be on safer ground 合适的；在更安全的地方；安全着陆。
2. if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system. 是 if 引导的条件状语从句。
3. stick to 坚持；粘住。
4. like the Post Office or the telephone system, 介词短语作定语，修饰 scapegoats。
5. Post Office 邮局。
6. telephone system 电话系统；电信系统。
If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. [14]
翻译：如果你不善于幽默，那么就应该进行练习，这样它（幽默）会变得更加自然。
1. If you feel awkward being humorous, 是 if 引导的条件状语从句。
2. being humorous, 现在分词短语作原因状语。
3. so that it becomes more natural. 是 so that 引导的目的状语从句。
Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. [15]
翻译：包括一些随意的、似乎是即兴说出的评论，你可以用轻松自然的方式来表达。
1. 该句子的主句是 do 型（Include）祈使句。
2. off-the-cuff 即兴的，即席的；未经准备的。
3. which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. 是 which 引导的定语从句，修饰 a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks。
4. in a relaxed and unforced manner. 介词短语作方式状语。
Often it's the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark. [16]
翻译：通常就是这种讲话方式会让观众发笑，因此放慢语速，并且记住，上扬的眉毛或者一副不相信的表情可能会有助于表现出你是在发表诙谐的言辞。
1. so 连接两个并列句，前面的是个强调句，后面的是个祈使句。
2. it is+ 强调部分 + which(that,who,whom) 从句，强调部分为：the delivery。
3. so 后面连接是两个并列的祈使句：speak slowly and remember (that...)。
4. that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show (that...)， 是 that 引导的从句，作 remember 的宾语。
5. that you are making a light-hearted remark. 是 that 引导的从句，作 to show 的宾语。
6. light-hearted 轻松的；无忧无虑的。
Look for the humor. [17]
翻译：寻找幽默。
1. 该句子是 do 型祈使句。
2. Look for 寻找。
It often comes from the unexpected. [18]
翻译：它常常在意想不到时出现。
1. come from 来自；出生于。
A twist on a familiar quote "If at first you don't succeed, give up" or a play on words or on a situation. [19]
翻译：（它可能来自）对人们熟知的格言的曲解——“你要是一开始不成功，就放弃算了”，或者一些俏皮话或对某个场景开的玩笑。
1. 该句子省略了主谓，只有两个并列的名词短语，A twist (on...) or a play (on...)。
2. on a familiar quote/ on words or on a situation, 是介词短语作定语，修饰 A twist/ a play。
3. 双引号内容为引语，作 a familiar quote 同位语，对其解释说明。
4. If at first you don't succeed, 是 if 引导的条件状语。
5. give up 放弃；交出。
6. play on words 诙谐双关语；说俏皮话。
Search for exaggeration and understatements. [20]
翻译：发掘夸张效果和含蓄表达。
1. 该句子为 do 型祈使句。
2. Search for 寻找；搜索。
Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor. [21]
翻译：琢磨一下你的谈话，从中挑出你能够反复思考并且注入幽默的几个字或几句话。
1. and（第一个 and）连接两个并列句；其中两个并列句都是 do 型祈使句。
2. Look at 看；考虑；着眼于。
3. pick out 挑选出。
4. which you can turn about and inject with humor. 是 which 引导的定语从句，修饰 a few words or sentences。
5. turn about 转身，反复思考；转变，改变主意。
6. inject with 用… 注射；增添…。
标签：定语,真题,短语,从句,介词,状语,2002,修饰,考研 From： https://www.cnblogs.com/ah1949/p/18100389