Pytest插件之pytest-base-url切换测试环境

安装

 pip install pytest-base-url

应用场景

• 利用参数--base-url或者配置(pytest.ini中base_url)来切换url

用法:命令行参数

• 测试代码：类似于fixture

   #test_baseurl.py
   import requests
   def test_baseurl(base_url):  #注意跟命令行的差别，下划线还是-
       assert requests.get(base_url).status_code == 200

• 命令行

   pytest --base-url https://www.songqinnet.com/  test_baseurl.py

• 一种典型的错误

   from selenium import webdriver
   import pytest
   def test_a01(base_url):
       driver = webdriver.Chrome()
       driver.get(base_url)
       from time import sleep
       sleep(5)
   #错误的做法，参数合并到一起
   if __name__ == '__main__':
       pytest.main(['-sv','--base-url https://cn.bing.com',__file__])
       #报这个错
       #INTERNALERROR> OSError: [WinError 123] 文件名、目录名或卷标语法不正确。: 'D:\\pythonProject\\AutoTest\\PublicLessson\\pytest常用插件实例演示\\test_baseurl\\--base-url https:\\cn.bing.com'
   ​
   #正确的做法，参数分开写，当然在命令行执行是ok的，不会有二义性
   if __name__ == '__main__':
       pytest.main(['-sv','--base-url','https://www.baidu.com',__file__])

用法:pytest.ini

• pytest.ini示例

   [pytest]
   base_url =  https://www.songqinnet.com/

• 不要加引号

源码解读

pytest-base-url插件极其简单，是用来学习插件编写的非常好的DEMO

• D:\Python39\Lib\site-packages\pytest_base_url\plugin.py

• 从源码可以看出

  • base_url就是个fixture（前文提到类似fixture），看了源码你能肯定了

  • _verify_url是自动生效的

  • pytest_addoption中加了一些参数，是的多数插件都会去加一些命令行参数

    • --base-url

    • --verify-base-url

 # This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 # License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
 # file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 ​
 import os
 ​
 import pytest
 ​
 ​
 @pytest.fixture(scope="session")
 def base_url(request):
     """Return a base URL"""
     config = request.config
     base_url = config.getoption("base_url")
     if base_url is not None:
         return base_url
 ​
 ​
 @pytest.fixture(scope="session", autouse=True)
 def _verify_url(request, base_url):
     """Verifies the base URL"""
 ​
     verify = request.config.option.verify_base_url
     if base_url and verify:
         # Lazy load requests to reduce cost for tests that don't use the plugin
         import requests
         from requests.packages.urllib3.util.retry import Retry
         from requests.adapters import HTTPAdapter
 ​
         session = requests.Session()
         retries = Retry(backoff_factor=0.1, status_forcelist=[500, 502, 503, 504])
         session.mount(base_url, HTTPAdapter(max_retries=retries))
         session.get(base_url)
 ​
 ​
 def pytest_configure(config):
     if hasattr(config, "workerinput"):
         return  # don't run configure on xdist worker nodes
     base_url = config.getoption("base_url") or config.getini("base_url")
     if base_url is not None:
         config.option.base_url = base_url
         if hasattr(config, "_metadata"):
             config._metadata["Base URL"] = base_url
 ​
 ​
 def pytest_report_header(config, startdir):
     base_url = config.getoption("base_url")
     if base_url:
         return "baseurl: {0}".format(base_url)
 ​
 ​
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
     parser.addini("base_url", help="base url for the application under test.")
     parser.addoption(
         "--base-url",
         metavar="url",
         default=os.getenv("PYTEST_BASE_URL", None),
         help="base url for the application under test.",
     )
     parser.addoption(
         "--verify-base-url",
         action="store_true",
         default=not os.getenv("VERIFY_BASE_URL", "false").lower() == "false",
         help="verify the base url.",
     )
 ​