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实验三

时间：2023-11-05 21:22:16浏览次数：32  
标签：index const Point int 实验 vectorPoint include

任务一
task1.cpp

点击查看代码 
#include <iostream>
#include "point.hpp"
#include <vector>
using std::vector;
using std::cin;
void output(const vector<Point> &v) {
for(auto &t: v)
t.show();
}
void test() {
int n;
cin >> n;
vector<Point> x(n);
cout << "x" << endl;
output(x);
vector<Point> y(x);
cout << "\nx " << endl;
output(y);
cout << "\nupdate x" << endl;
x.at(0).move(30, 50);
x.push_back(Point(2, 2));
cout << "\nx total:" << endl;
output(x);
cout << "\ny total: " << endl;
output(y);
}
int main() {
test();
}

point.hpp

点击查看代码 
#pragma once

#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;

class Point {
public:
    Point(int x0 = 0, int y0 = 0);
    ~Point() = default;

    int get_x() const;
    int get_y() const;
    void show() const;
    void move(int new_x, int new_y);

private:
    int x, y;
};

Point::Point(int x0, int y0): x{x0}, y{y0} {
}

int Point::get_x() const {
    return x;
}

int Point::get_y() const {
    return y;
}

void Point::show() const {
    cout << "(" << x << ", " << y << ")" << endl;
}

void Point::move(int new_x, int new_y) {
    x = new_x;
    y = new_y;
}

1:对x对象进行更新时，基于 vector 对象x创建的对象y是否发生变化？
答：不发生变化。
2：标准库模板类vector在复制一个动态数组对象时，实现的是深复制还是浅复制？
答：深复制。

任务二
task2.cpp

点击查看代码 
#include "vectorPoint.hpp"
#include <iostream>
void output(const vectorPoint &v) {
for(auto i = 0; i < v.get_size(); ++i)
v.at(i).show();
}
void test() {
using namespace std;
int n;
cout << "vectorPoint yuansugeshu: ";
cin >> n;
vectorPoint x(n);
cout << "x information: " << endl;
output(x);
vectorPoint y(x);
cout << "\ny information: " << endl;
output(y);
cout << "\nupdate x information......" << endl;
x.at(0).move(30, 50);
x.at(1).move(-1, -1);
cout << "x information: " << endl;
output(x);
cout << "\ny information: " << endl;
output(y);
}
int main() {
test();
}

vectorPoint.hpp

点击查看代码 
#pragma once

#include "point.hpp"
#include <cassert>
#include <iostream>

class vectorPoint{
public:
    vectorPoint(int n);
    ~vectorPoint();

    int get_size() const;           // 获得当前动态数组内元素个数
    Point& at(int index);           // 返回下标为index的元素引用
    Point& at(int index) const;     // 返回下标为index的元素const引用

private:
    int size; // 动态数组的大小
    Point *ptr;
};

vectorPoint::vectorPoint(int n) : size{n} {
    ptr = new Point[n];
}

vectorPoint::~vectorPoint() {
    delete[] ptr;
}

int vectorPoint::get_size() const {
    return size;
}

Point& vectorPoint::at(int index) {
    assert(index >= 0 && index < size);  // 宏，在测试模式下工作。如果不满足条件，则程序终止
    return ptr[index];
}

Point& vectorPoint::at(int index) const {
    assert(index >= 0 && index < size);
    return ptr[index];
}

Point.hpp

点击查看代码 
#pragma once

#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;

class Point {
public:
    Point(int x0 = 0, int y0 = 0);
    ~Point() = default;

    int get_x() const;
    int get_y() const;
    void show() const;
    void move(int new_x, int new_y);

private:
    int x, y;
};

Point::Point(int x0, int y0): x{x0}, y{y0} {
}

int Point::get_x() const {
    return x;
}

int Point::get_y() const {
    return y;
}

void Point::show() const {
    cout << "(" << x << ", " << y << ")" << endl;
}

void Point::move(int new_x, int new_y) {
    x = new_x;
    y = new_y;
}

1：观察更新对象x后，基于 vectorPoint 对象x创建的对象y是否发生变化？
答：发生变化
2：编译器为vectorPoint类创建的默认复制构造函数，在复制一个动态数组对象时，实现
的是深复制还是浅复制？
答：浅复制
3：在类vectorPoint内部，手动增加的以下复制构造函数声明和定义，实现的是浅复制还
是深复制？
答：浅复制

任务三
Point.hpp

点击查看代码 
#pragma once

#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;

class Point {
public:
    Point(int x0 = 0, int y0 = 0);
    ~Point() = default;

    int get_x() const;
    int get_y() const;
    void show() const;
    void move(int new_x, int new_y);

private:
    int x, y;
};

Point::Point(int x0, int y0): x{x0}, y{y0} {
}

int Point::get_x() const {
    return x;
}

int Point::get_y() const {
    return y;
}

void Point::show() const {
    cout << "(" << x << ", " << y << ")" << endl;
}

void Point::move(int new_x, int new_y) {
    x = new_x;
    y = new_y;
}

vectorPoint.hpp

点击查看代码 
#pragma once

#include "point.hpp"
#include <cassert>
#include <iostream>

class vectorPoint{
public:
    vectorPoint(int n);
    vectorPoint(const vectorPoint &vp);
    ~vectorPoint();

    int get_size() const;
    Point& at(int index);
    Point& at(int index) const;

private:
    int size;
    Point *ptr;
};

vectorPoint::vectorPoint(int n) : size{n} {
    ptr = new Point[n];
}

vectorPoint::vectorPoint(const vectorPoint &vp): size{vp.size}, ptr{new Point[size]} {
    for(auto i = 0; i < size; ++i)
        ptr[i] = vp.ptr[i];
}

vectorPoint::~vectorPoint() {
    delete[] ptr;
}

int vectorPoint::get_size() const {
    return size;
}

Point& vectorPoint::at(int index) {
    assert(index >= 0 && index < size);
    return ptr[index];
}

Point& vectorPoint::at(int index) const {
    assert(index >= 0 && index < size);
    return ptr[index];
}

task3.cpp

点击查看代码 
#include "vectorPoint.hpp"
#include <iostream>

void output(const vectorPoint &v) {
    for(auto i = 0; i < v.get_size(); ++i)
        v.at(i).show();
}

void test() {
    using namespace std;

    int n;
    cout << "输入vectorPoint对象中元素个数: ";
    cin >> n;

    vectorPoint x(n);
    cout << "x对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl;
    output(x);

    vectorPoint y(x);
    cout << "\ny对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl;
    output(y);

    cout << "\n更新x对象中点坐标信息 " << endl;
    x.at(0).move(30, 50);
    x.at(1).move(-1, -1);

    cout << "x对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl;
    output(x);

    cout << "\ny对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl;
    output(y);
}

int main() {
    test();
}

1：观察更新对象x后，基于 vectorPoint 对象x创建的对象y是否发生变化？
答：发生变化
2：这个vectorPoint 类的实现中，复制构造函数实现的是深复制还是浅复制？
答：浅复制
3：基于实验任务2和3，总结当类的成员中包含指针域成员时深复制与浅复制的区别。
答：深复制和浅复制的区别在于对指针所指向的内存空间的处理方式。浅复制是将指针的值复制给新对象，这样新对象和原对象在同一块内存空间。而深复制则会为新对象分配一块新的内存空间，互不影响。

任务四
task4_1.cpp

点击查看代码 
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;


void swap1(int &rx, int &ry);
void swap2(int *px, int *py);
void print(int x, int y);

void test() {
    int x = 3, y = 4;

    print(x, y);
    swap1(x, y);
    print(x, y);

    cout << endl;

    x = 3, y = 4;
    print(x, y);
    swap2(&x, &y);
    print(x, y);
}

int main() {
    test();
}

void swap1(int &rx, int &ry) {
    int t;

    t = rx;  rx = ry;  ry = t;
}

void swap2(int *px, int *py) {
    int t;

    t = *px;  *px = *py;  *py = t;
}

void print(int x, int y) {
    std::cout << "x = " << x << ", y = " << y << "\n";
}

task4_2.cpp

点击查看代码 
#include <iostream>
#include <typeinfo>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    int a;
    int &ra = a;
    ra = 4;

    int *pa = &a;
    *pa = 5;

    cout << "&a = " << hex << &a << endl;
    cout << "&ra = " << hex << &ra << endl;
    cout << "&pa = " << hex << &pa << "\n\n";

    cout << "a = " << a << endl;
    cout << "ra = " << a << endl;
    cout << "pa = " << hex << pa << endl;

    cout << "*pa = " << *pa << "\n\n";

    cout << "type a: " << typeid(a).name() << endl;
    cout << "type ra: " << typeid(ra).name() << endl;
    cout << "type pa: " << typeid(pa).name() << endl;
}

task4_3.cpp

点击查看代码 
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

template<typename T>
void output(const T &x) {
    for(auto i: x)
        std::cout << i << ", ";
    std::cout << "\b\b \n";
}

template<typename T>
void square1(T &x) {
    for(auto i: x)
        i *= i;
}

template<typename T>
void square2(T &x) {
    for(auto &i: x)
        i *= i;
}

void test1() {
    vector<int> x {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

    cout << "动态int型数组对象x内的元素值: ";
    output(x);

    cout << "调用函数square1() " << endl;
    square1(x);

    cout << "动态int型数组对象x内的元素值: ";
    output(x);
}

void test2() {
    vector<int> x {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

    cout << "动态int型数组对象x内的元素值: ";
    output(x);

    cout << "调用函数square2() " << endl;
    square2(x);

    cout << "动态int型数组对象x内的元素值: ";
    output(x);
}

int main() {
    cout << "测试1: " << endl;
    test1();

    cout << "\n测试2: " << endl;
    test2();
}

1:用文字总结引用类型、指针类型的区别。
答：指针类型：本质是地址，可以独立存在，用于存放数据的地址。可以对指针本身进行操作，也可以通过指针去间接操作数据。引用类型：本质是别名，不能独立存在，依赖于源数据。所有操作同步反馈到源数据上。

任务五
vectorInt.hpp

点击查看代码 
#include<iostream>
#include<cassert>
using namespace std;
class vectorInt
{
public:
    vectorInt(int n);
    vectorInt(int n,int m);
    vectorInt(const vectorInt & vc);
    int get_size() const;
    ~vectorInt();
    int& at(int index);
    int& at(int index) const;
private:
    int size;
    int *ptr;
};
vectorInt::vectorInt(int n)
{
    size=n;
    ptr =new int[n];
    cout<<"constructor vectorInt(int n) called."<<endl;
}
vectorInt::vectorInt(int n,int m)
{
    size=n;ptr= new int[n];
    for(int i=0;i<size;i++)
        ptr[i]=m;
    cout<<"constructor vectorInt(int n,int value) called"<<endl;

}
vectorInt::vectorInt(const vectorInt & vc)
{
    size=vc.size;
    ptr=new int[size];
    for(int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
        ptr[i] = vc.ptr[i];
    cout<<"copy constructor called"<<endl;
}
vectorInt::~vectorInt()
{
    delete[] ptr;
    cout<<"destructor called"<<endl;
}
int vectorInt::get_size() const
{
    return size;
}
int& vectorInt::at(int index)
{
    assert(index >= 0 && index < size); // 宏，在测试模式下工作。如果不满足条件，则程序终止
    return ptr[index];
}
int& vectorInt::at(int index) const
{
    assert(index >= 0 && index < size);
    return ptr[index];
}

task5.cpp

点击查看代码 
#include "vectorInt.hpp"
#include <iostream>

using std::cout;
using std::cin;
using std::endl;

void output(const vectorInt &vi) {
    for(int i = 0; i < vi.get_size(); ++i)
        cout << vi.at(i) << ", ";
    cout << "\b\b \n";
}

void test() {
    int n;
    cout << "输入vectorInt对象中元素个数: ";
    cin >> n;

    vectorInt x1(n);    // 构造动态int数组对象x1，包含n个元素，不对元素初始化
    for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
        x1.at(i) = i*i;
    cout << "vectorInt对象x1: ";
    output(x1);

    vectorInt x2(n, 42); // 构造动态int数组对象x1，包含n个元素，每个元素初始值为42
    cout << "vectorInt对象x2: ";
    output(x2);
    vectorInt x3(x2);    // 使用x2构造x3
    cout << "vectorInt对象x3: ";
    output(x3);

    cout << "更新vectorInt对象x2......\n";
    x2.at(0) = 77;
    x2.at(1) = -999;

    cout << "vectorInt对象x2: ";
    output(x2);
    cout << "vectorInt对象x3: ";
    output(x3);
}

int main() {
    test();
}

任务六
Matrix.hpp

点击查看代码 
#ifndef MATRIX_H
#define MATRIX_H

#include <iostream>
#include <cassert>
using namespace std;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;


class Matrix {
public:
    Matrix(int n, int m);
    Matrix(int n);
    Matrix(const Matrix &x);
    ~Matrix();

    void set(const double *pvalue);
    void set(int i, int j, double value);

    double& at(int i, int j) const;
    double& at(int i, int j);

    int get_lines() const;
    int get_cols() const;

    void print() const;

private:
    int lines;
    int cols;
    double *p;
};

Matrix::Matrix(int n) {
    lines=n;
    cols=n;
    p=new double[n*n];
}

Matrix::Matrix(int n,int m) {
    lines=n;
    cols=m;
    p=new double[n*m];
}

Matrix::Matrix(const Matrix &X) {
    lines=X.lines;
    cols=X.cols;
    p=new double[lines*cols];
    for(int i=0; i<lines*cols; i++) {
        p[i]=X.p[i];
    }
}

Matrix::~Matrix() {
    delete[] p;
}

void Matrix::set(const double *pvalue) {
    for(int i=0; i<lines*cols; i++) {
        p[i]=pvalue[i];
    }
}

void Matrix::set(int i, int j, double value) {
    p[cols*i+j]=value;
}

double & Matrix::at(int i, int j) {
    assert(i*cols+j<(lines*cols)&&i*cols+j>=0);
    return p[cols*i+j];
}

double &Matrix::at(int i, int j) const {
    return p[cols*i+j];
}

int Matrix::get_lines() const {
    return lines;
}

int Matrix::get_cols() const {
    return cols;
}

void Matrix::print() const {
    int i,j;
    for(i=0; i<lines; i++) {
        for(j=0; j<cols-1; j++) {
            cout<<p[i*cols+j]<<",";
        }
        cout<<p[i*cols+j];
        cout<<endl;
    }
}

#endif

task6.cpp

点击查看代码 
#include <iostream>
#include "Matrix.hpp"

using namespace std;

const int N1 = 3;
const int N2 = 2;

void output(const Matrix &m, int index) {
    for(auto j = 0; j < m.get_cols(); ++j)
        cout << m.at(index, j) << ", ";
    cout << "\b\b \n";
}

void test() {

    double x[N1*N2] = {2,4, 5, 7, 8, 9};

    Matrix m1(N1, N2);
    m1.set(x);
    cout << "矩阵对象m1: " << endl;
    m1.print();
    cout << "矩阵对象m1第0行是: " << endl;
    output(m1, 0);
    cout << endl;

    Matrix m2(N2, N1);
    m2.set(x);
    cout << "矩阵对象m2: " << endl;
    m2.print();
    cout << "矩阵对象m2第0行是: " << endl;
    output(m2, 0);
    cout << endl;

    Matrix m3(m2);
    m3.set(0, 0, 999);
    cout << "矩阵对象m3:" << endl;
    m3.print();
    cout << endl;

    Matrix m4(2);
    m4.set(x);
    cout << "矩阵对象m4:" << endl;
    m4.print();
}

int main() {
    test();
}

标签：index,const,Point,int,实验,vectorPoint,include
From： https://www.cnblogs.com/liujiandong66da/p/17811214.html

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