删临时文件时报错ORA-01258

问题描述：删临时文件时报错ORA-01258，如下所示：
数据库：oracle 19.13
系统：rhel 7.9
1、异常重现
SQL> alter tablespace temp drop tempfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf';
ORA-01258: unable to delete temporary file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf

后台日志：
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_60875.trc:
ORA-01122: database file 201 failed verification check
ORA-01110: data file 201: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf'
ORA-01565: error in identifying file '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 7
2023-05-25T10:57:11.055790+08:00
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_60875.trc:
ORA-01258: unable to delete temporary file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf
2、异常原因
无法获得临时文件temp01.dbf状态.
3、解决方案
--查临时文件.
SQL> select tablespace_name,file_name from dba_temp_files;

TABLESPACE_NAME                FILE_NAME
------------------------------ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LOAN_TEMP                      /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/LOAN_TEMP.DBF
TEMP                           /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf
TEMP                           /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp1.dbf

说明：通过如上语句查出临时文件，但在系统层面并未找到temp01.dbf文件.
官方针对ORA-25152描述如下：
ORA-25152: TEMPFILE cannot be dropped at this time
Cause: An attempt was made to drop a TEMPFILE being used by online users
Action: The TEMPFILE has been taken offline. Try again later.

--很大可能临时表空间被占用，查占用临时表空间的会话信息：
SELECT s.sid,
       s.username,
       s.status,
       u.tablespace,
       u.segfile#,
       u.contents,
       u.extents,
       u.blocks
  FROM v$session s, v$sort_usage u
 WHERE s.saddr = u.session_addr
 ORDER BY u.tablespace, u.segfile#, u.segblk#, u.blocks;
 
       SID USERNAME             STATUS   TABLESPACE        SEGFILE# CONTENTS     EXTENTS     BLOCKS
---------- -------------------- -------- --------------- ---------- --------- ---------- ----------
      1184                      ACTIVE   TEMP                   201 TEMPORARY          1        128
       300                      ACTIVE   TEMP                   201 TEMPORARY          1        128
       300                      ACTIVE   TEMP                   201 TEMPORARY          1        128
       327                      ACTIVE   TEMP                   201 TEMPORARY          1        128
       327                      ACTIVE   TEMP                   201 TEMPORARY          1        128
      1437                      ACTIVE   TEMP                   201 TEMPORARY          1        128
      1184                      ACTIVE   TEMP                   201 TEMPORARY          1        128
      1437                      ACTIVE   TEMP                   201 TEMPORARY          2        256

--查具体会话信息
select s."SID", s."SADDR", s."SERIAL#"
  from v$session s
 where s."SID" = '1184';

--kill会话进程
SQL> alter system kill session '1184,10472' immediate;

--将如上会话kill后，便可正常删除临时文件
SQL> alter tablespace temp drop tempfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf';

Tablespace altered.
参考文档：https://blog.csdn.net/forever_river/article/details/61619769