• GPT系列
  • GPT2
  • GPT3
  • InstructGPT
  • chatGPT
  • sparrow[类chatgpt]
• references

GPT系列

GPT2

The GPT-2 is built using transformer decoder blocks. BERT, on the other hand, uses transformer encoder blocks.

auto-regressive: outputs one token at a time

GPT3

96 transformer decoder layers. Each of these layers has its own 1.8B parameter

The difference with GPT3 is the alternating dense and sparse self-attention layers.

InstructGPT

Step 1: Collect demonstration data, and train a supervised policy. Our labelers provide demonstrations of the desired behavior on the input prompt distribution (see Section 3.2 for details on this distribution). We then fine-tune a pretrained GPT-3 model on this data using supervised learning.

Step 2: Collect comparison data, and train a reward model. We collect a dataset of comparisons between model outputs, where labelers indicate which output they prefer for a given input. We then train a reward model to predict the human-preferred output.

Step 3: Optimize a policy against the reward model using PPO. We use the output of the RM as a scalar reward. We fine-tune the supervised policy to optimize this reward using the PPO algorithm (Schulman et al., 2017).

Steps 2 and 3 can be iterated continuously; more comparison data is collected on the current best policy, which is used to train a new RM and then a new policy. In practice, most of our comparison data comes from our supervised policies, with some coming from our PPO policies.

SFT: input prompt，output response

RM：input prompt and response, and output a scalar reward，即指定prompt，给response打分

RL：使用PPO微调SFT，RM作为值函数

chatGPT

We trained this model using Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), using the same methods as InstructGPT, but with slight differences in the data collection setup.

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sparrow[类chatgpt]

references

https://jalammar.github.io/illustrated-gpt2/

https://openai.com/blog/chatgpt/

Sparrow. https://www.deepmind.com/blog/building-safer-dialogue-agents