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消息中间件kafka之客户端操作

时间：2022-12-19 14:09:09浏览次数：54  
标签：name DEFAULT value kafka Topic source 消息中间件 CONFIG 客户端


消息中间件Kafka之客户端操作

一、客户端API类型

  • ​​AdminClient API​​： 允许管理和检测Topic、broker以及其他Kafka对象
  • ​​Producer API​​：发布消息到一个或者多个Topic中
  • ​​Consumer API​​：订阅一个或者多个Topic，并处理产生的消息
  • ​​Stream API​​：高效地将输入流转换为输出流
  • ​​Connector API​​：从一些源系统或者应用程序中拉取数据到Kafka

二、kafka项目环境搭建

创建一个Springboot的web项目，引入一些基本的依赖。

<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId>
    <artifactId>kafka-clients</artifactId>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
    <optional>true</optional>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    <optional>true</optional>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

创建一个​​Bean​​​用来初始化​​Kafka​​​的​​AdminClient​​：

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.admin.AdminClient;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.admin.AdminClientConfig;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.util.Properties;

/**
 * kafka配置
 * @author long
 */
@Slf4j
@Configuration
public class KafkaConfig {

    @Bean
    public AdminClient adminClient() {
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.setProperty(AdminClientConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, "192.168.31.26:9092");
        log.info("创建Kafka客户端");
        return AdminClient.create(properties);
    }

}

启动项目：

消息中间件kafka之客户端操作_kafka

看到如下的输出说明就项目启动成功，并且连接到了​​Kafka​​。

三、​​AdminClient API​​

下面是一些最常用的API：

API名称

作用

AdminClient

AdminClient客户端对象

NewTopic

创建Topic

CreateTopicsResult

创建Topic的返回结果

ListTopicsResult

查询Topic列表

ListTopicsOptions

查询Topic列表及选项

DescribeTopicsResult

查询Topics

DescribeConfigsResult

查询Topics配置项

3.1. 创建Topic

/**
  * 创建Topic
  * @param name        topic名字
  * @param partitions  分区数量
  * @param factor      副本因子
  * @return
  */
@GetMapping("/create_topic")
public List<Map<String, Object>> createTopic(@RequestParam("name") String name,
                                             @RequestParam(value = "partitions", defaultValue = "1") Integer partitions,
                                             @RequestParam(value = "replication_factor", defaultValue = "1") Integer factor) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
  NewTopic topic = new NewTopic(name, partitions, factor.shortValue());
  CreateTopicsResult topics = adminClient.createTopics(Collections.singletonList(topic));
  KafkaFuture<Config> config = topics.config(name);
  return config.get().entries().stream().map(item -> {
    HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
    map.put("name", item.name());
    map.put("value", item.value());
    map.put("source", item.source().name());
    return map;
  }).collect(Collectors.toList());
}

通过​​Postman​​ 测试，

[
    {
        "name": "compression.type",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "producer"
    },
    {
        "name": "leader.replication.throttled.replicas",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": ""
    },
    {
        "name": "message.downconversion.enable",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "true"
    },
    {
        "name": "min.insync.replicas",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "1"
    },
    {
        "name": "segment.jitter.ms",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "0"
    },
    {
        "name": "cleanup.policy",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "delete"
    },
    {
        "name": "flush.ms",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "9223372036854775807"
    },
    {
        "name": "follower.replication.throttled.replicas",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": ""
    },
    {
        "name": "retention.ms",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "604800000"
    },
    {
        "name": "segment.bytes",
        "source": "STATIC_BROKER_CONFIG",
        "value": "1073741824"
    },
    {
        "name": "flush.messages",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "9223372036854775807"
    },
    {
        "name": "message.format.version",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "2.6-IV0"
    },
    {
        "name": "file.delete.delay.ms",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "60000"
    },
    {
        "name": "max.compaction.lag.ms",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "9223372036854775807"
    },
    {
        "name": "max.message.bytes",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "1048588"
    },
    {
        "name": "min.compaction.lag.ms",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "0"
    },
    {
        "name": "message.timestamp.type",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "CreateTime"
    },
    {
        "name": "preallocate",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "false"
    },
    {
        "name": "index.interval.bytes",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "4096"
    },
    {
        "name": "min.cleanable.dirty.ratio",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "0.5"
    },
    {
        "name": "unclean.leader.election.enable",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "false"
    },
    {
        "name": "delete.retention.ms",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "86400000"
    },
    {
        "name": "retention.bytes",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "-1"
    },
    {
        "name": "segment.ms",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "604800000"
    },
    {
        "name": "message.timestamp.difference.max.ms",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "9223372036854775807"
    },
    {
        "name": "segment.index.bytes",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "10485760"
    }
]

创建Topic之前

消息中间件kafka之客户端操作_API_02

创建Topic之后：

消息中间件kafka之客户端操作_kafka_03

3.2. 删除Topic

/**
 * 删除Topic
 * @param name   topic名字
 * @return
 */
@GetMapping("/delete_topic")
public String deleteTopic(@RequestParam("name") String name) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
  DeleteTopicsResult result = adminClient.deleteTopics(Arrays.asList(name));
  KafkaFuture<Void> kafkaFuture = result.values().get(name);
  return kafkaFuture.isDone() ? "删除kafka的Topic：" + name + "成功" : "删除kafka的Topic：" + name + "失败";
}

消息中间件kafka之客户端操作_spring_04

3.3. 查看Topic的列表

/**
 * 获取所有的Topic
 * @param showHide 是否显示隐藏Topic
 * @return
 * @throws ExecutionException
 * @throws InterruptedException
 */
@GetMapping("/list_topic")
public Set<String> listTopic(@RequestParam(value = "show_hide", defaultValue = "false") Boolean showHide) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
  ListTopicsResult listTopics = null;
  if (showHide) {
    ListTopicsOptions options = new ListTopicsOptions();
    options.listInternal(true);
    listTopics = adminClient.listTopics(options);
  } else {
    listTopics = adminClient.listTopics();
  }
  return listTopics.names().get();
}

消息中间件kafka之客户端操作_API_05

显示隐藏的​​Topic​​

消息中间件kafka之客户端操作_spring_06

3.4. 获取Topic的描述

/**
 * 查看Topic描述
 * @param name
 */
@GetMapping("/describe_topics")
public Map<String, Object> describeTopics(@RequestParam("name") String name) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
  DescribeTopicsResult result = adminClient.describeTopics(Collections.singletonList(name));
  Map<String, Object> resMap = new HashMap<>(2);
  TopicDescription description = result.all().get().get(name);
  resMap.put("topic_name", description.name());
  resMap.put("topic_desc", description.partitions().toString());
  return resMap;
}

消息中间件kafka之客户端操作_API_07

这里面的​​partition​​​就是我们在​​Topic​​中存放的消息地方。

3.6. 获取​​Topic​​配置信息

/**
 * 获取Topic的配置
 * @param name
 * @return
 */
@GetMapping("/config_topics")
public List<Map<String, Object>> configTopics(@RequestParam("name") String name) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
  ConfigResource resource = new ConfigResource(ConfigResource.Type.TOPIC, name);
  DescribeConfigsResult result = adminClient.describeConfigs(Collections.singletonList(resource));
  return result.values()
    .get(resource)
    .get()
    .entries()
    .stream()
    .map(item -> {
      Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
      map.put("name", item.name());
      map.put("value", item.value());
      map.put("source", item.source().name());
      return map;
    }).collect(Collectors.toList());
}

​​postman​​ 测试结果：

[
    {
        "name": "compression.type",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "producer"
    },
    {
        "name": "leader.replication.throttled.replicas",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": ""
    },
    {
        "name": "min.insync.replicas",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "1"
    },
    {
        "name": "message.downconversion.enable",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "true"
    },
    {
        "name": "segment.jitter.ms",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "0"
    },
    {
        "name": "cleanup.policy",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "delete"
    },
    {
        "name": "flush.ms",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "9223372036854775807"
    },
    {
        "name": "follower.replication.throttled.replicas",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": ""
    },
    {
        "name": "segment.bytes",
        "source": "STATIC_BROKER_CONFIG",
        "value": "1073741824"
    },
    {
        "name": "retention.ms",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "604800000"
    },
    {
        "name": "flush.messages",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "9223372036854775807"
    },
    {
        "name": "message.format.version",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "2.6-IV0"
    },
    {
        "name": "max.compaction.lag.ms",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "9223372036854775807"
    },
    {
        "name": "file.delete.delay.ms",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "60000"
    },
    {
        "name": "max.message.bytes",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "1048588"
    },
    {
        "name": "min.compaction.lag.ms",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "0"
    },
    {
        "name": "message.timestamp.type",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "CreateTime"
    },
    {
        "name": "preallocate",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "false"
    },
    {
        "name": "index.interval.bytes",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "4096"
    },
    {
        "name": "min.cleanable.dirty.ratio",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "0.5"
    },
    {
        "name": "unclean.leader.election.enable",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "false"
    },
    {
        "name": "retention.bytes",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "-1"
    },
    {
        "name": "delete.retention.ms",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "86400000"
    },
    {
        "name": "segment.ms",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "604800000"
    },
    {
        "name": "message.timestamp.difference.max.ms",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "9223372036854775807"
    },
    {
        "name": "segment.index.bytes",
        "source": "DEFAULT_CONFIG",
        "value": "10485760"
    }
]

3.6. 修改Topic的config

/**
     * 修改Topic
     * @param name    Topic名字
     * @param topics
     * @return
     */
    @PostMapping ("/alter_topics/{name}")
    public String alterTopic(@PathVariable String name, @RequestBody Map<String, String> topics) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        Map<ConfigResource, Collection<AlterConfigOp>> configMaps = new HashMap<>(topics.size());
        ConfigResource configResource = new ConfigResource(ConfigResource.Type.TOPIC, name);
        List<AlterConfigOp> collect = topics.entrySet()
                .stream()
                .map(item -> {
                    return new AlterConfigOp(new ConfigEntry(item.getKey(), item.getValue()), AlterConfigOp.OpType.SET);
                }).collect(Collectors.toList());
        configMaps.put(configResource, collect);
        AlterConfigsResult result = adminClient.incrementalAlterConfigs(configMaps);
        KafkaFuture<Void> future = result.values().get(configResource);
        future.get();
        return future.isDone() ?
                    "修改Topic：" + name + "修改成功" : "修改Topic：" + name + "修改失败";
    }

3.7. 增加​​Partition​​ 

/**
 * 增加partition数量
 * @param size
 * @param name 
 * @return String
 */
@GetMapping("/add_partition")
public String addPartition(@RequestParam("name") String name, @RequestParam(value = "size", defaultValue = "2") Integer size) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
  Map<String, NewPartitions> partitionsMap = new HashMap<>();
  NewPartitions newPartitions = NewPartitions.increaseTo(size);
  partitionsMap.put(name, newPartitions);
  CreatePartitionsResult result = adminClient.createPartitions(partitionsMap);
  result.all().get();
  return result.values().get(name).isDone() ? "增加Partition数量成功" : "增加Partition数量失败";
}

消息中间件kafka之客户端操作_API_08


标签：name,DEFAULT,value,kafka,Topic,source,消息中间件,CONFIG,客户端
From： https://blog.51cto.com/luckyqilin/5952236

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