SpringCloud入门

标签：入门 SpringCloud boot springframework spring org payment cloud

一、SpringCloud简介与版本选择

1、简介

Spring Cloud是一系列框架的集合。它利用Spring Boot的开发便利性巧妙地简化了分布式系统基础设施的开发，如服务发现注册、配置中心、消息总线、负载均衡、断路器、数据监控等，都可以用Spring Boot的开发风格做到一键启动和部署。

2、SpringCloud对应版本选择

SprngCloud与SpringBoot使用时，需要注意版本之前的依赖关系。
在Spring官网中可以查看SpringCloud和SpringBoot之前的对应关系：
Spirngcloud和SpirngBoot对应依赖

二、微服务工程搭建

1、创建父工程并打包

1.1 pom文件内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.snow.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>mycloud</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>cloud-provider-payment8001</module>
        <module>cloud-consumer-order80</module>
        <module>cloud-api-commons</module>
        <module>cloud-eureka-server7001</module>
        <module>cloud-eureka-server7002</module>
        <module>cloud-provider-payment8002</module>
    </modules>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <!-- 统一管理jar包版本 -->
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.47</mysql.version>
        <druid.version>1.1.16</druid.version>
        <mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.3.0</mybatis.spring.boot.version>
    </properties>


    <!-- 子模块继承之后，提供作用：锁定版本+子modlue不用写groupId和version  -->
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!--spring boot 2.2.2-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--spring cloud Hoxton.SR1-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Hoxton.SR1</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>${mysql.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                <version>${druid.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>${junit.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>${log4j.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <version>${lombok.version}</version>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <fork>true</fork>
                    <addResources>true</addResources>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

1.2 将父工程打包发布到maven仓库中

2、创建服务提供者

2.1 pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>mycloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.snow.cloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-provider-payment8001</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!--eureka-client-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 引入公共模块 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.snow.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mysql-connector-java-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--jdbc-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

2.2 yml文件

server:
  port: 8001

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-payment-service
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource            # 当前数据源操作类型
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver              # mysql驱动包 com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/clouddb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: 123456


mybatis:
  mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
  type-aliases-package: com.snow.springcloud.entity    # 所有Entity别名类所在包

2.3 编写业务代码

建表

CREATE TABLE `payment` (

  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'ID',

  `serial` varchar(200) DEFAULT '',

  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)

) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

dao层

PaymentDao

@Mapper
public interface PaymentDao {
	 int create(Payment payment);

	 Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Integer id);
}

PaymentMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
		PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
		"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<!-- Mapper接口全路径 -->
<mapper namespace="com.snow.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao">
	<resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.snow.springcloud.entity.Payment">
		<id column="id" property="id"></id>
		<result column="serial" property="serial"></result>
	</resultMap>

	<insert id="create" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
		insert into payment(serial) values(#{serial})
	</insert>


	<select id="getPaymentById" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
		select * from payment where id = #{id}
	</select>

</mapper>

service

PaymentService

public interface PaymentService {
	int create(Payment payment);

	Payment getPaymentById(Integer id);
}

PaymentServiceImpl

@Service
public class PaymentServiceImpl implements PaymentService {

	@Autowired
	private PaymentDao paymentDao;

	@Override
	public int create(Payment payment) {

		return paymentDao.create(payment);
	}

	@Override
	public Payment getPaymentById(Integer id) {
		return paymentDao.getPaymentById(id);
	}
}

controller

@RequestMapping("/payment")
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {
	@Autowired
	PaymentService paymentService;

	@PostMapping("/create")
	public CommonResult<Payment> create(@RequestBody Payment payment){
		int result = paymentService.create(payment);
		log.info("添加结果："+result);
		if(result >0){
			return new CommonResult<>(200,"添加数据成功",payment);
		}else {
			return new CommonResult<>(444,"添加数据失败",payment);
		}
	}

	@RequestMapping("/getPayment/{id}")
	public CommonResult<Payment> getPaymentById(@PathVariable Integer id){
		Payment payment = paymentService.getPaymentById(id);
		log.info("查询结果："+payment);
		if(payment != null){
			return new CommonResult<>(200,"查询成功",payment);
		}else {
			return new CommonResult<>(444,"查询失败",payment);
		}
	}
}

3、创建服务消费者

3.1 pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>mycloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.snow.cloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumer-order80</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!--eureka-client-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 引入公共模块 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.snow.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

3.2 业务代码

config

@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig
{
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate()
    {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

controller

@RestController
public class OrderController
{

    public static final String PaymentSrv_URL = "http://localhost:8001";

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/create") //客户端用浏览器是get请求，但是底层实质发送post调用服务端8001
    public CommonResult create(Payment payment)
    {
        return restTemplate.postForObject(PaymentSrv_URL + "/payment/create",payment,CommonResult.class);
    }


    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult getPayment(@PathVariable Long id)
    {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(PaymentSrv_URL + "/payment/get/"+id, CommonResult.class, id);
    }

4、创建公共模块

4.1 pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>mycloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.snow.cloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

4.2 公共代码

entity层

Payment实体类

@ToString
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Payment {
	private Long id;

	private String serial;
}

CommonResult返回结果封装类

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class CommonResult<T> {
	private Integer code;
	private String message;
	private T data;

	public CommonResult(Integer code, String message) {
		this.code = code;
		this.message = message;
	}
}

4.3 打包发布到Maven仓库

5、工程样图

公共模块

消费者

服务生产者

三、Eureka服务注册与发现

1、服务治理

在传统的rpc远程调用框架中，管理每个服务与服务之间依赖关系比较复杂，管理比较复杂，所以需要使用服务治理，管理服务于服务之间依赖关系，可以实现服务调用、负载均衡、容错等，实现服务发现与注册。
Spring Cloud 封装了 Netflix 公司开发的 Eureka 模块来实现服务治理

2、服务注册与发现

在服务注册与发现中，有一个注册中心。当服务器启动的时候，会把当前自己服务器的信息比如服务地址通讯地址等以别名方式注册到注册中心上。另一方（消费者|服务提供者），以该别名的方式去注册中心上获取到实际的服务通讯地址，然后再实现本地RPC调用RPC远程调用框架核心设计思想：在于注册中心，因为使用注册中心管理每个服务与服务之间的一个依赖关系(服务治理概念)。在任何rpc远程框架中，都会有一个注册中心(存放服务地址相关信息(接口地址))

Eureka与Dubbo架构对比：

3、Eureka组件

Eureka包含两个组件：Eureka Server和Eureka Client

Eureka Server提供服务注册服务
各个微服务节点通过配置启动后，会在EurekaServer中进行注册，这样EurekaServer中的服务注册表中将会存储所有可用服务节点的信息，服务节点的信息可以在界面中直观看到。
EurekaClient通过注册中心进行访问
是一个Java客户端，用于简化Eureka Server的交互，客户端同时也具备一个内置的、使用轮询(round-robin)负载算法的负载均衡器。在应用启动后，将会向Eureka Server发送心跳(默认周期为30秒)。如果Eureka Server在多个心跳周期内没有接收到某个节点的心跳，EurekaServer将会从服务注册表中把这个服务节点移除（默认90秒）

4、创建EurekaServer服务端

4.1 pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>mycloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.snow.cloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-eureka-server7001</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!--eureka-server-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.snow.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--boot web actuator-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--一般通用配置-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

4.2 yml配置

server:
  port: 7001

eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: localhost #eureka服务端的实例名称
  client:
    #false表示不向注册中心注册自己。
    register-with-eureka: false
    #false表示自己端就是注册中心，我的职责就是维护服务实例，并不需要去检索服务
    fetch-registry: false
    service-url:
    #设置与Eureka Server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址。
      defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/

4.3 开启EurekaServer
在主配置类上加上@EnableEurekaServer注解即可。

5、创建EurekaClient客户端

客户端及消费者和服务提供者。
添加Eureka依赖，修改yml配置，最后在主启动类上加上@EnableEurekaClient注解即可。

依赖

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>

yml配置

eureka:
  client:
    #表示是否将自己注册进EurekaServer默认为true。
    register-with-eureka: true
    #是否从EurekaServer抓取已有的注册信息，默认为true。单节点无所谓，集群必须设置为true才能配合ribbon使用负载均衡
    fetchRegistry: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka

6、测试

7、Eureka自我保护

保护模式主要用于一组客户端和Eureka Server之间存在网络分区场景下的保护。一旦进入保护模式，

Eureka Server将会尝试保护其服务注册表中的信息，不再删除服务注册表中的数据，也就是不会注销任何微服务。

关闭自我保护,即服务不可用立即注销该服务。修改yml配置即可：

eureka:
	server:
		#关闭自我保护机制，保证不可用服务被及时踢除
		   enable-self-preservation: false

标签：入门,SpringCloud,boot,springframework,spring,org,payment,cloud
From： https://www.cnblogs.com/Snowclod/p/16919388.html

一、SpringCloud简介与版本选择

1、简介

2、SpringCloud对应版本选择

二、微服务工程搭建

1、创建父工程并打包

1.1 pom文件内容

1.2 将父工程打包发布到maven仓库中

2、创建服务提供者

2.1 pom文件

2.2 yml文件

2.3 编写业务代码

3、创建服务消费者

3.1 pom文件

3.2 业务代码

4、创建公共模块

4.1 pom文件

4.2 公共代码

4.3 打包发布到Maven仓库

5、工程样图

三、Eureka服务注册与发现

1、服务治理

2、服务注册与发现

3、Eureka组件

4、创建EurekaServer服务端

4.1 pom文件

5、创建EurekaClient客户端

6、测试

7、Eureka自我保护

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