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实验2 类和对象_基础编程1

时间：2024-10-29 21:43:26浏览次数：4  
标签：std const 对象 编程 int Complex 实验 Fraction include

任务1

源代码t.h

#pragma once

#include <string>

// 类T: 声明
class T {
// 对象属性、方法
public:
    T(int x = 0, int y = 0);   // 普通构造函数
    T(const T &t);  // 复制构造函数
    T(T &&t);       // 移动构造函数
    ~T();           // 析构函数

    void adjust(int ratio);      // 按系数成倍调整数据
    void display() const;           // 以(m1, m2)形式显示T类对象信息

private:
    int m1, m2;

// 类属性、方法
public:
    static int get_cnt();          // 显示当前T类对象总数

public:
    static const std::string doc;       // 类T的描述信息
    static const int max_cnt;           // 类T对象上限

private:
    static int cnt;         // 当前T类对象数目

// 类T友元函数声明
    friend void func();
};

// 普通函数声明
void func();

 

t.cpp

// 类T: 实现
// 普通函数实现

#include "t.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::string;

// static成员数据类外初始化
const std::string T::doc{"a simple class sample"};
const int T::max_cnt = 999;
int T::cnt = 0;

// 对象方法
T::T(int x, int y): m1{x}, m2{y} { 
    ++cnt; 
    cout << "T constructor called.\n";
} 

T::T(const T &t): m1{t.m1}, m2{t.m2} {
    ++cnt;
    cout << "T copy constructor called.\n";
}

T::T(T &&t): m1{t.m1}, m2{t.m2} {
    ++cnt;
    cout << "T move constructor called.\n";
}    

T::~T() {
    --cnt;
    cout << "T destructor called.\n";
}           

void T::adjust(int ratio) {
    m1 *= ratio;
    m2 *= ratio;
}    

void T::display() const {
    cout << "(" << m1 << ", " << m2 << ")" ;
}     

// 类方法
int T::get_cnt() {
   return cnt;
}

// 友元
void func() {
    T t5(42);
    t5.m2 = 2049;
    cout << "t5 = "; t5.display(); cout << endl;
}

 

task1.cpp

#include "t.h"
#include <iostream>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;

void test();

int main() {
    test();
    cout << "\nmain: \n";
    cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl;
}

void test() {
    cout << "test class T: \n";
    cout << "T info: " << T::doc << endl;
    cout << "T objects'max count: " << T::max_cnt << endl;
    cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl << endl;


    T t1;
    cout << "t1 = "; t1.display(); cout << endl;

    T t2(3, 4);
    cout << "t2 = "; t2.display(); cout << endl;

    T t3(t2);
    t3.adjust(2);
    cout << "t3 = "; t3.display(); cout << endl;

    T t4(std::move(t2));
    cout << "t3 = "; t4.display(); cout << endl;

    cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl;

    func();
}

 

运行结果截图：

 

不能正确运行。在t.h中，在类内部只进行了函数友元关系的声明，而没有进行func函数的具体声明，因此编译器报错未检测到func函数。

 

 不能正常编译运行

 

任务2

源代码Complex.h

 

#pragma once
#include<string>

using std::string;

class Complex{
    public:
        Complex (double newreal=0,double newimag=0);
        Complex (const Complex &p);
        friend Complex add(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
        friend bool is_equal(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
        friend bool is_not_equal(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
        double get_real() const{return real;}
        double get_imag() const{return imag;}
        friend void output(const Complex &c);
        friend double abs(const Complex &c);
        void add(const Complex &p)
            {
                this->real+=p.real;
                this->imag+=p.imag;
            }
        
    private:
        double real;
        double imag;
    public:
        static const string doc;
};

 

Complex.cpp

#include "Complex.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cmath>

using std::cout;using std::endl;using std::string;
const std::string Complex::doc{"a simple class sample"};
Complex c1,c2,c3,c;    
Complex::Complex (double newreal,double newimag):real{newreal},imag{newimag}{}

Complex::Complex(const Complex &p) {           
    this->real = p.real;   
    this->imag = p.imag;
    }
Complex add(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2){
    double newreal=c1.real+c2.real;
    double newimag=c1.imag+c2.imag;    
    return Complex(newreal,newimag);
}
bool is_equal(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2){
    if(c1.real==c2.real&c1.imag==c2.imag)
        return true;    
    else return false;
}
bool is_not_equal(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2){
    if(c1.real!=c2.real||c1.imag!=c2.imag)
        return true;    
    else return false;
}
void output(const Complex &c){
    if(c.imag>=0)    
        cout<<c.real<<'+'<<c.imag<<'i'<<endl;
    else
        cout<<c.real<<c.imag<<'i'<<endl;
}
double abs(const Complex &c){
    return sqrt(c.real*c.real+c.imag*c.imag);
}

 

task2.cpp

#include "Complex.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::boolalpha;

void test() {
    cout << "类成员测试: " << endl;
    cout << Complex::doc << endl;

    cout << endl;

    cout << "Complex对象测试: " << endl;
    Complex c1;
    Complex c2(3, -4);
    const Complex c3(3.5);
    Complex c4(c3);

    cout << "c1 = "; output(c1); cout << endl;
    cout << "c2 = "; output(c2); cout << endl;
    cout << "c3 = "; output(c3); cout << endl;
    cout << "c4 = "; output(c4); cout << endl;
    cout << "c4.real = " << c4.get_real() << ", c4.imag = " << c4.get_imag() << endl;

    cout << endl;

    cout << "复数运算测试: " << endl;
    cout << "abs(c2) = " << abs(c2) << endl;
    c1.add(c2);
    cout << "c1 += c2, c1 = "; output(c1); cout << endl;
    cout << boolalpha;
    cout << "c1 == c2 : " << is_equal(c1, c2) << endl;
    cout << "c1 != c3 : " << is_not_equal(c1, c3) << endl;
    c4 = add(c2, c3);
    cout << "c4 = c2 + c3, c4 = "; output(c4); cout << endl;
}

int main() {
    test();
}

 

运行结果截图：

 

任务3

源代码task3.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <complex>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::boolalpha;
using std::complex;

void test() {
    cout << "标准库模板类comple测试: " << endl;
    complex<double> c1;
    complex<double> c2(3, -4);
    const complex<double> c3(3.5);
    complex<double> c4(c3);

    cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
    cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
    cout << "c3 = " << c3 << endl;
    cout << "c4 = " << c4 << endl;
    cout << "c4.real = " << c4.real() << ", c4.imag = " << c4.imag() << endl;
    cout << endl;

    cout << "复数运算测试: " << endl;
    cout << "abs(c2) = " << abs(c2) << endl;
    c1 += c2;
    cout << "c1 += c2, c1 = " << c1 << endl;
    cout << boolalpha;
    cout << "c1 == c2 : " << (c1 == c2) << endl;
    cout << "c1 != c3 : " << (c1 != c3) << endl;
    c4 = c2 + c3;
    cout << "c4 = c2 + c3, c4 = " << c4 << endl;
}

int main() {
    test();
}

运行结果截图

 

任务4

源代码Fraction.h

 

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<string>

using std::string;

class Fraction
{
    public:
        static const string doc;
        Fraction(int u=1,int d=1);
        int get_up()const{return up;} 
        int get_down()const{return down;}
        Fraction negative()const;
        friend void output(const Fraction &f);
        friend Fraction add(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2);
        friend Fraction sub(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2);
        friend Fraction mul(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2);
        friend Fraction div(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2);
        
    private:
        int up;
        int down; 
        
};

void output(const Fraction &f);
Fraction add(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2);
Fraction sub(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2);
Fraction mul(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2);
Fraction div(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2);

 

Fraction.cpp

 

#include"Fraction.h"
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include <algorithm>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::string;

const std::string Fraction::doc{"a simple class sample"};

Fraction f,f1,f2,f3;

Fraction::Fraction(int u,int d):up{u},down{d}{}
Fraction Fraction::negative()const{
    int new_up=-this->up;
    int new_down=this->down;
    return Fraction(new_up,new_down);
}

int gcd(int a, int b) {  
    while (b != 0) {  
        int temp = b;  
        b = a % b;  
        a = temp;  
    }  
    return a;
}
void output(const Fraction &f)
{
    if(f.up==0)
    cout<<0<<endl;
    else if(f.down==1)
    cout<<f.up<<endl;
    else if(f.down==0)
    cout<<"分母不能为0"<<endl;
    else
        {
        int sign=(f.up<0)^(f.down<0)?-1:1;
        int divisor=gcd(f.up,f.down);
        int newup=f.up/divisor;
        int newdown=f.down/divisor;
        if(sign==-1)
        cout<<'-'<<abs(newup)<<"/"<<abs(newdown)<<endl;
        else if(sign==1)
        cout<<abs(newup)<<"/"<<abs(newdown)<<endl;
        }
}
Fraction add(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2){
    int new_down=f1.down+f2.down;
    int new_up=f1.up*f2.down+f2.up*f1.down;
    return Fraction(new_up,new_down);
}
Fraction sub(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2){
    int new_down=f1.down+f2.down;
    int new_up=f1.up*f2.down-f2.up*f1.down;
    return Fraction(new_up,new_down);
}
Fraction mul(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2){
    int new_down=f1.down*f2.down;
    int new_up=f1.up*f2.up;
    return Fraction(new_up,new_down);
}
Fraction div(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2){
    int new_up=f1.up*f2.down;
    int new_down=f1.down*f2.up;
    return Fraction(new_up,new_down);
}

 

task4.cpp

 

#include "Fraction.h"
#include <iostream>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;


void test1() {
    cout << "Fraction类测试: " << endl;
    cout << Fraction::doc << endl << endl;

    Fraction f1(5);
    Fraction f2(3, -4), f3(-18, 12);
    Fraction f4(f3);
    cout << "f1 = "; output(f1); cout << endl;
    cout << "f2 = "; output(f2); cout << endl;
    cout << "f3 = "; output(f3); cout << endl;
    cout << "f4 = "; output(f4); cout << endl;

    Fraction f5(f4.negative());
    cout << "f5 = "; output(f5); cout << endl;
    cout << "f5.get_up() = " << f5.get_up() << ", f5.get_down() = " << f5.get_down() << endl;

    cout << "f1 + f2 = "; output(add(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
    cout << "f1 - f2 = "; output(sub(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
    cout << "f1 * f2 = "; output(mul(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
    cout << "f1 / f2 = "; output(div(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
    cout << "f4 + f5 = "; output(add(f4, f5)); cout << endl;
}

void test2() {
    Fraction f6(42, 55), f7(0, 3);
    cout << "f6 = "; output(f6); cout << endl;
    cout << "f7 = "; output(f7); cout << endl;
    cout << "f6 / f7 = "; output(div(f6, f7)); cout << endl;
}

int main() {
    cout << "测试1: Fraction类基础功能测试\n";
    test1();
    cout << "\n测试2: 分母为0测试: \n";
    test2();
}

 

运行结果截图

 

 

任务5

源代码account.h

 

#ifndef __ACCOUNT_H__
#define __ACCOUNT_H__
class SavingsAccount {
private:
    int id;
    double balance;
    double rate;
    int lastDate;
    double accumulation;
    static double total;
    void record(int date, double amount);
    double accumulate(int date) const{
        return accumulation+balance * (date-lastDate);
    }
public:
    SavingsAccount(int date, int id, double rate);
    int getId() const {return id;}
    double getBalance() const{return balance;}
    double getRate() const {return rate;}
    static double getTotal () {return total;}
    void deposit (int date, double amount);
    void withdraw (int date, double amount);
    void settle(int date);
    void show() const;
};
#endif

 

account.cpp

 

#include "account.h"
#include <cmath>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

double SavingsAccount::total=0;
SavingsAccount::SavingsAccount(int date, int id, double rate)
    :id(id), balance(0), rate(rate), lastDate(date), accumulation(0) {
        cout << date << "\t#" << id << " is created" << endl;
    }
void SavingsAccount::record(int date, double amount) {
    accumulation=accumulate(date);
    lastDate=date;
    amount=floor(amount*100+0.5)/100;
    balance+=amount;
    total+=amount;
    cout << date << "\t#" << id << "\t" << amount << "\t" <<balance << endl;
}
void SavingsAccount::deposit(int date, double amount) {
    record(date, amount);
}
void SavingsAccount::withdraw(int date, double amount) {
    if(amount>getBalance())
        cout << "Error: not enough money" << endl;
    else
        record(date, -amount);
}
void SavingsAccount::settle(int date){
    double interest=accumulate(date)*rate/365;
    if(interest!=0)
        record(date, interest);
        accumulation=0;
}
void SavingsAccount::show() const{
    cout << "#" << id << "\tBalance:" << balance;
}

 

5_11.cpp

 

#include "account.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    SavingsAccount sa0(1, 21325302, 0.015);
    SavingsAccount sa1(1, 58320212, 0.015);
    sa0.deposit(5, 5000);
    sa1.deposit(25,10000);
    sa0.deposit(45,5500);
    sa1.withdraw(60, 4000);
    sa0.settle(90);
    sa1.settle(90);
    sa0.show(); cout<<endl;
    sa1.show(); cout<<endl;
    cout << "Total:" << SavingsAccount::getTotal() << endl;
    return 0;
}

 

运行结果截图

 

标签：std,const,对象,编程,int,Complex,实验,Fraction,include
From： https://www.cnblogs.com/zxl5225/p/18494458

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