c++设置windons默认输出音频设备

c++设置windons默认输出音频设备

主要功能是控制默认输出的音频设备进行切换。

本文主要教导如何使用c++进行控制

代码示例

#include <windows.h>
#include <mmdeviceapi.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <functiondiscoverykeys_devpkey.h>
#include <vector>
#include "PolicyConfig.h"
#include <Propidl.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "ole32.lib")

// 定义设备信息结构
struct DeviceInfo {
    wchar_t* name;
    wchar_t* id;
};

// Helper function to convert wide string to multi-byte string
std::string WStringToString(const std::wstring& wstr) {
    if (wstr.empty()) return std::string();
    int size_needed = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, &wstr[0], (int)wstr.size(), NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
    std::string strTo(size_needed, 0);
    WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, &wstr[0], (int)wstr.size(), &strTo[0], size_needed, NULL, NULL);
    return strTo;
}

// 获取设备的ID和名称
DeviceInfo GetDeviceInfo(IMMDevice* device) {
    DeviceInfo deviceInfo;
    deviceInfo.id = nullptr;
    deviceInfo.name = nullptr;

    LPWSTR deviceId = nullptr;
    device->GetId(&deviceId);

    IPropertyStore* pStore = nullptr;
    device->OpenPropertyStore(STGM_READ, &pStore);

    PROPVARIANT varName;
    PropVariantInit(&varName);
    pStore->GetValue(PKEY_Device_FriendlyName, &varName);
    deviceInfo.name = _wcsdup(varName.pwszVal);
    deviceInfo.id = _wcsdup(deviceId);  // 复制ID字符串

    PropVariantClear(&varName);
    pStore->Release();
    CoTaskMemFree(deviceId);  // 释放获取到的设备ID内存

    return deviceInfo;
}

// 获取当前默认音频播放设备的ID和名称
DeviceInfo GetCurrentDefaultAudioDevice() {
    IMMDeviceEnumerator* pEnum = nullptr;
    CoInitialize(nullptr);
    HRESULT hr = CoCreateInstance(__uuidof(MMDeviceEnumerator), NULL, CLSCTX_ALL, __uuidof(IMMDeviceEnumerator), (void**)&pEnum);
    if (FAILED(hr)) return { nullptr, nullptr };

    IMMDevice* pDefDevice = nullptr;
    hr = pEnum->GetDefaultAudioEndpoint(eRender, eMultimedia, &pDefDevice);
    DeviceInfo deviceInfo = { nullptr, nullptr };
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
        deviceInfo = GetDeviceInfo(pDefDevice);
        pDefDevice->Release();
    }

    pEnum->Release();
    CoUninitialize();
    return deviceInfo;
}

// 获取所有音频输出设备
DeviceInfo* GetAudioOutputDevices(int* count) {
    std::vector<DeviceInfo> deviceList;
    HRESULT hr = CoInitialize(nullptr);
    if (FAILED(hr)) return nullptr;

    IMMDeviceEnumerator* pEnumerator = nullptr;
    hr = CoCreateInstance(__uuidof(MMDeviceEnumerator), nullptr, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, __uuidof(IMMDeviceEnumerator), (void**)&pEnumerator);
    if (FAILED(hr)) {
        CoUninitialize();
        return nullptr;
    }

    IMMDeviceCollection* pCollection = nullptr;
    hr = pEnumerator->EnumAudioEndpoints(eRender, DEVICE_STATE_ACTIVE, &pCollection);
    if (FAILED(hr)) {
        pEnumerator->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return nullptr;
    }

    UINT deviceCount;
    pCollection->GetCount(&deviceCount);
    *count = deviceCount; // 设置设备数量

    DeviceInfo* devices = new DeviceInfo[deviceCount]; // 动态分配数组

    for (UINT i = 0; i < deviceCount; ++i) {
        IMMDevice* pDevice = nullptr;
        hr = pCollection->Item(i, &pDevice);
        if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
            devices[i] = GetDeviceInfo(pDevice);
            pDevice->Release();
        }
    }

    pCollection->Release();
    pEnumerator->Release();
    CoUninitialize();
    return devices;
}



// 设置默认音频播放设备
bool SetDefaultAudioPlaybackDevice(LPCWSTR devID) {
    // 初始化 COM 库
    HRESULT comHr = CoInitialize(nullptr);
    if (FAILED(comHr)) {
        std::cerr << "COM库初始化失败，错误代码: " << comHr << std::endl;
        return false;
    }
    IPolicyConfigVista* pPolicyConfig;
    HRESULT hr = CoCreateInstance(__uuidof(CPolicyConfigVistaClient), NULL, CLSCTX_ALL, __uuidof(IPolicyConfigVista), (LPVOID*)&pPolicyConfig);
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
        hr = pPolicyConfig->SetDefaultEndpoint(devID, eConsole);
        pPolicyConfig->Release();
        if (FAILED(hr)) {
            std::cout << WStringToString(L"设置默认设备失败，错误代码: ") << hr << std::endl;
        }
        return SUCCEEDED(hr);
    }
    else {
        std::cout << WStringToString( L"创建 PolicyConfig 实例失败，错误代码: ") << hr << std::endl;
    }
    CoUninitialize();
    return false;
}

void FreeDeviceArray(DeviceInfo* devices, int count) {
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        free(devices[i].name); // 释放设备名称内存
        free(devices[i].id);   // 释放设备ID内存
    }
    free(devices); // 释放设备数组内存
}

int main() {
    SetConsoleOutputCP(65001); // Set console output code page to UTF-8

    // 获取并显示当前默认设备
    DeviceInfo defaultDevice = GetCurrentDefaultAudioDevice();
    std::cout << WStringToString(L"当前默认音频设备: ") << WStringToString(defaultDevice.name)
        << " (ID: " << WStringToString(defaultDevice.id) << ")" << std::endl;

    // 获取可用设备列表
    int deviceCount;
    DeviceInfo* devices = GetAudioOutputDevices(&deviceCount);
    std::cout << WStringToString(L"可用音频输出设备:") << std::endl;

    for (int i = 0; i < deviceCount; ++i) {
        std::cout << i + 1 << ". " << WStringToString(devices[i].name) << std::endl;
    }

    int choice;
    std::cout << WStringToString(L"选择一个设备编号作为默认设备: ");
    std::cin >> choice;

    if (choice > 0 && choice <= deviceCount) {
        const auto& selectedDevice = devices[choice - 1];

        if (SetDefaultAudioPlaybackDevice(selectedDevice.id)) {
            std::cout << WStringToString(L"已将默认设备设置为: ") << WStringToString(selectedDevice.name) << std::endl;
        }
        else {
            std::cout << WStringToString(L"无法设置默认设备。") << std::endl;
        }
    }
    else {
        std::cout << WStringToString(L"无效选择。") << std::endl;
    }

    // 释放设备信息内存
    free(defaultDevice.name);  // 释放默认设备名称内存
    free(defaultDevice.id);    // 释放默认设备ID内存
    FreeDeviceArray(devices, deviceCount); // 释放设备数组内存

    return 0;
}

函数功能

GetCurrentDefaultAudioDevice: 获取当前默认音频播放设备的ID和名称。

GetAudioOutputDevices: 获取所有音频输出设备。

SetDefaultAudioPlaybackDevice: 设置默认音频播放设备。

这里引用了一个.h文件

#include “PolicyConfig.h”
CSDN下载地址

公众号搜索【牛马技术】回复音频领取 PolicyConfig.h

已经打包DLL出来，下载地址如下

DLL下载地址