GUI编程(了解)
组件
- 窗口
- 弹窗
- 面板
- 文本框
- 列表框
- 按钮
- 图片
- 监听事件
- 鼠标事件
- 键盘事件
- 破解工具
简介
Gui开发核心技术:Swing AWT
- 界面不美观
- 需要jre环境
- 但还要学习
AWT
Awt介绍
- 包含了很多类和接口,GUI:图形用户界面
- 元素:窗口,按钮,文本框
- java.awt
组件和容器
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Frame
Frame frame = new Frame("Java图形界面窗口");
// 设置可见性
frame.setVisible(true);
// 设置窗口大小
frame.setSize(400, 400);
// 设置背景颜色
Color color = new Color(49, 6, 6);
frame.setBackground(Color.yellow); // 也可以这样写
// 弹出的初始位置
frame.setLocation(500, 300);
// 设置不可改变大小
frame.setResizable(false);
}
目前还不能关闭窗口
封装到一个类中
package com.day01.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestFrame2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 展示多个窗口
MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.green);
MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.cyan);
MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200, Color.black);
MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200, Color.yellow);
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame {
static int id = 0; // 可能存在多个窗口,需要一个计数器
public MyFrame(int x, int y, int width, int height, Color color) {
super("MyFrame" + (++id));
setVisible(true);
setBackground(color);
// setSize(width, height);
// setLocation(x, y);
setBounds(x, y, width, height); // 等价于上面两行
}
}
面板Panel
解决了关闭时间
package com.day01.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;
// Panel 可以看成是一个空间,但是不能单独存在
public class TestPanel {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
// 布局
Panel panel = new Panel();
// 设置布局
frame.setLayout(null);
// 坐标
frame.setBounds(300, 300, 500, 500);
frame.setBackground(new Color(255, 255, 255, 255));
// panel设置坐标 相对于frame
panel.setBounds(50, 50, 400, 400);
panel.setBackground(new Color(124, 188, 231));
// 添加panel到Frame
frame.add(panel);
frame.setVisible(true);
// 监听事件,关停窗口关闭时间 System.exit(0)
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
// 窗口点击关闭的时候要做的事情
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
// 结束程序
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
布局管理器
-
流体布局
-
package com.day01.lesson01; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter; import java.awt.event.WindowEvent; public class TestFlowLayout { public static void main(String[] args) { Frame frame = new Frame(); // 组件:按钮 Button button1 = new Button("btn1"); Button button2 = new Button("btn2"); Button button3 = new Button("btn3"); // 设置为流式布局 frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT)); frame.setSize(800, 500); frame.setVisible(true); // 添加按钮 frame.add(button1); frame.add(button2); frame.add(button3); // 监听事件,关停窗口关闭时间 System.exit(0) frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() { // 窗口点击关闭的时候要做的事情 @Override public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) { // 结束程序 System.exit(0); } }); Label label = new Label(); } }
-
-
东西南北中
-
package com.day01.lesson01; import java.awt.*; public class TestBorderLayout { public static void main(String[] args) { Frame frame = new Frame(); Button east = new Button("east"); Button west = new Button("west"); Button south = new Button("south"); Button north = new Button("north"); Button center = new Button("center"); frame.add(east, BorderLayout.EAST); frame.add(west, BorderLayout.WEST); frame.add(south, BorderLayout.SOUTH); frame.add(north, BorderLayout.NORTH); frame.add(center, BorderLayout.CENTER); frame.setSize(800, 500); frame.setVisible(true); } }
-
-
表格布局
-
package com.day01.lesson01; import java.awt.*; public class TestGridLayout { public static void main(String[] args) { Frame frame = new Frame("GridLayout"); Button btn1 = new Button("btn1"); Button btn2 = new Button("btn2"); Button btn3 = new Button("btn3"); Button btn4 = new Button("btn4"); Button btn5 = new Button("btn5"); Button btn6 = new Button("btn6"); frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3, 2)); frame.add(btn1); frame.add(btn2); frame.add(btn3); frame.add(btn4); frame.add(btn5); frame.add(btn6); frame.pack(); // Java函数 frame.setSize(800, 500); frame.setVisible(true); } }
-
总结:
- Frame是一个顶级窗口
- Panel无法单独显示,必须添加到某个容器中
- 布局管理器
- 流式
- 东西南北中
- 表格
- 大小,定位,背景颜色,可见性,监听
事件监听
package com.day01.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestActionEvent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 按下按钮,触发一些事件
Frame frame = new Frame();
Button button = new Button("Button");
// 因为addActionListener需要一个ActionListener,所以我们需要构造一个ActionListener
MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
button.addActionListener(myActionListener);
frame.add(button, BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.pack(); // 根据布局确定最佳大小
frame.setBounds(400, 400,800,500);
windowClose(frame);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
// 关闭窗体事件
private static void windowClose(Frame frame) {
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
System.out.println("AA");
}
}
多个按钮共享一个事件
package com.day01.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestActionTwo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 两个按钮实现同一个监听
// 开始 停止
Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
Button button1 = new Button("开始");
Button button2 = new Button("停止");
// 可以显示的定义触发会返回的命令,如果不显示定义,那就走默认值
// 可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
button2.setActionCommand("button2-stop");
MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();
button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);
frame.add(button1, BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(button2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.pack();
windowClose(frame);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
private static void windowClose(Frame frame) {
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
class MyMonitor implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
System.out.println("按钮clicked:msg" + e.getActionCommand());
}
}
输入框监听
package com.day01.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestText01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyFrame myFrame = new MyFrame();
windowClose(myFrame);
}
private static void windowClose(Frame frame) {
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame {
public MyFrame() {
TextField textField = new TextField();
add(textField);
// 监听这个文本框输入的文字
MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
// 按下enter就会触发这个输入框事件
textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);
pack();
// 设置替换编码
textField.setEchoChar('*');
setVisible(true);
}
}
class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource(); // 获得一些资源
String text1 = field.getText(); // 获得输入框中的文本
System.out.println(text1);
field.setText("");
}
}
简易计算器
package com.day01.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
// 简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator().loadFrame();
}
}
// 计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame {
TextField num1, num2, num3;
public void loadFrame() {
// 三个文本框
num1 = new TextField(10);
num2 = new TextField(10);
num3 = new TextField(20);
// 一个按钮
Button button = new Button("=");
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(this));
// 一个标签
Label label = new Label("+");
// 布局
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
}
// 监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener {
// 获取计算器这个对象,在一个类中组合另外一个类
Calculator calculator = null;
public MyCalculatorListener(Calculator calculator) {
this.calculator = calculator;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// 获得加数和被加数
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());
// 将这个值加法运算后放到结果
calculator.num3.setText("" + (n1 + n2));
// 清除前两个框
calculator.num1.setText("");
calculator.num2.setText("");
}
}
内部类
- 更好的包装
package com.day01.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
// 简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator().loadFrame();
}
}
// 计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame {
TextField num1, num2, num3;
public void loadFrame() {
// 三个文本框
num1 = new TextField(10);
num2 = new TextField(10);
num3 = new TextField(20);
// 一个按钮
Button button = new Button("=");
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener());
// 一个标签
Label label = new Label("+");
// 布局
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
// 监听器类
private class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// 获得加数和被加数
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
// 将这个值加法运算后放到结果
num3.setText("" + (n1 + n2));
// 清除前两个框
num1.setText("");
num2.setText("");
}
}
}
画笔paint
package com.day01.lesson03;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestPaint {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyPaint().loadFrame();
}
}
class MyPaint extends Frame {
public void loadFrame() {
setBounds(200, 200, 800, 500);
setVisible(true);
}
// 画笔
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
// 画笔,需要颜色,可以绘画
g.setColor(Color.cyan);
// g.drawOval(100, 100, 100,100);
g.fillOval(100,100,100,100); // 实心圆
g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g.fillRect(150,200,200,200);
}
}
鼠标监听
实现鼠标画画
package com.day01.lesson03;
import com.sun.corba.se.impl.orbutil.graph.Graph;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
// 鼠标监听事件
public class TestMouseListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyFrame myFrame = new MyFrame("Paint");
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame {
// 绘画需要画笔,需要监听鼠标当前的位置,需要几个来存储这个点
ArrayList points;
public MyFrame(String title) throws HeadlessException {
super(title);
setBounds(400, 400, 800, 500);
// 存鼠标点击的点
points = new ArrayList<>();
setVisible(true); // 鼠标监听事件,正对这个窗口
this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
}
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
// 画画,监听鼠标事件
Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
g.setColor(Color.cyan);
g.fillOval(point.x, point.y, 10, 10);
}
}
// 添加一个点到界面上
public void addPaint(Point point) {
points.add(point);
}
private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter {
// 鼠标按下,弹起
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
MyFrame myFrame = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
// 点击的时候,在界面上产生一个点
// 这个点就是鼠标的点
myFrame.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(), e.getY()));
myFrame.repaint();
}
}
}
窗口监听
package com.day01.lesson03;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestWindow {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new WindowFrame();
}
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame {
public WindowFrame() {
setBackground(Color.cyan);
setBounds(100, 100, 800, 500);
setVisible(true);
this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
setVisible(false); // 隐藏窗口,通过按钮,隐藏当前窗口
System.exit(0); // 正常退出
}
});
}
}
键盘监听
package com.day01.lesson03;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
public class TestKeyListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new KeyFrame();
}
}
class KeyFrame extends Frame {
public KeyFrame() {
setBounds(1, 2, 300, 400);
setVisible(true);
this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
// 获得按下的哪个键
int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
System.out.println(keyCode);
if (keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_UP) {
System.out.println("按下了
标签:java,frame,编程,笔记,add,JavaGUI,import,new,public
From: https://www.cnblogs.com/liujianwansui/p/16800653.html