元进网络自动化(3)---Python自动给路由器配置接口IP

利用Python自动登录到网络设备，根据回显不同来配置不同的参数，避免简单重复的劳动，提高网络相关工作的效率。

【网络拓扑】

【打印登录配置过程】

H:\Alphism\venv\Scripts\python.exe "H:/Alphism/Mest Inc/Python_eNSP.py"

 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------      

 User last login information:      

 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Access Type: Telnet      

 IP-Address : 10.0.0.1      

 Time       : 2022-11-12 15:49:48-08:00      

 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

<Router1>

<Router1>system

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

[Router1]

[Router1]

interface GI0/0/1

[Router1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]

ip address 100.1.2.1 30

[Router1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]

 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------      

 User last login information:      

 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Access Type: Telnet      

 IP-Address : 10.0.0.1      

 Time       : 2022-11-12 15:49:50-08:00      

 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

<Router2>

<Router2>system

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

[Router2]

[Router2]

interface GI0/0/1

[Router2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]

ip address 100.1.2.2 30

[Router2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]

IP Config is OK at 2022-11-12-1551

Process finished with exit code 0

【代码实现及注释】

import telnetlib
import re
import time
import socket

class LoginRouter():
    def __init__(self, ip='10.0.0.2', port=23, user='mest', pw="mest"):
        self.username = user
        self.password = pw
        self.host = ip
        self.port = port
        self.router_username_prompt = 'Username:'
        self.router_password_prompt = 'Password:'
        self.tn = telnetlib.Telnet(host=ip, port=self.port, timeout=1)
        self.login()

    def write(self, str='#'):
        self.tn.write((str + '\n').encode('ascii'))

    def read_until(self, str=']', timeout=1):
        output = self.tn.read_until(str.encode('ascii'), timeout=3)
        return output.decode('utf-8')

    def read_all(self):
        try:
            self.write(']')
            output = self.read_until(']')
            return output
        except socket.timeout:
            print('Reading timeout')

    # 登陆设备
    def login(self):
        try:
            self.read_until(self.router_username_prompt)
            self.write(self.username)
            self.read_until(self.router_password_prompt)
            self.write(self.password)
            print(self.read_until(str='>'))
        except:
            print("Telnet Failure")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    k = 0
    j = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d-%H%M',time.localtime(time.time()))
    e = [2,3] #输入设备地址，这里是以10.0.0为默认
    while k <= 1:
        router = LoginRouter(ip = '10.0.0.'+str(e[k]), port = 23, user = 'mest', pw = 'mest')
        router.write(str='display lldp neighbor bri\n')
        lldp = router.read_until('>',timeout=20)
        interfacet =re.findall(r'\S*GE\S*',lldp)
        del interfacet[0:2]
        interface= [str(i).replace('E','I') for i in interfacet]
        device=re.findall(r'Router\S*',lldp)    #获取设备名和端口名两个数组
        router.write(str='system\n')
        print(router.read_until(']'))
        i=0
        while i<len(interface)//2:          #配置设备IP地址
            if device[i][-1]<device[-1][-2]:
                router.write(str='interface '+interface[i*2]+'\n')
                print(router.read_until(']',timeout=10))
                router.write(str='ip address 100.'+device[i][-1]+'.'+device[-1][-2]+'.2 30\n')
                print(router.read_until(']',timeout=10))
            else:
                router.write(str='interface '+interface[i*2]+'\n')
                print(router.read_until(']',timeout=10))
                router.write(str='ip address 100.'+device[-1][-2]+'.'+device[i][-1]+'.1 30\n')
                print(router.read_until(']',timeout=10))
            i+=1
        k+=1
        router.read_all()
        print(router.read_all())
    print('IP Config is OK at '+str(j))