出现错误：[WinError 193] %1 不是有效的 Win32 应用程序

运行 python 脚本时出现以下错误

Failed to initialize WebDriver or load configuration: [WinError 193] %1 is not a valid Win32 application
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\gourav\Downloads\Automation_Tool\Automation_Tool\demo.py", line 207, in <module>
    main()
  File "C:\Users\gourav\Downloads\Automation_Tool\Automation_Tool\demo.py", line 195, in main
    driver.quit()
UnboundLocalError: local variable 'driver' referenced before assignment

我正在运行 python 脚本

def main():
    try:
        
        driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=Service(ChromeDriverManager().install()), options=options)
        print("@@@@@@@@-driver@@@@@@",driver)
        wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 20)
        results = []

        configs = load_config()
        for config in configs:
            try:
                if config.get("loginMethod"):
                    sso_login(driver, wait, config, results)
                else:
                    normal_login(driver, wait, config, results)
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"Exception in processing {config.get('Domain_Name', 'Unknown')}: {e}")

    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Failed to initialize WebDriver or load configuration: {e}")
    finally:
        time.sleep(5)
        driver.quit()
        print("Browser closed")

        df = pd.DataFrame(results)
        df.index += 1
        df.index.name = "S.No"
        df.to_excel('login_results.xlsx', index=True)
        print("Login results saved to login_results.xlsx")
        file_path = r'C:\Users\affine\Desktop\automation\login_results.xlsx'
        send_email(subject='Affine Applications Status Reports ', body='Open file for result', to_email="[email protected]",file_path=file_path)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

The error message "[WinError 193] %1 is not a valid Win32 application" usually appears when you're trying to run a 32-bit application in a 64-bit environment, or vice-versa, and the necessary dependencies are incompatible. However, the provided code and error message suggest a different issue.

The primary problem lies in the UnboundLocalError . This means you're trying to use the variable driver in the finally block before it's assigned a value in all possible execution paths of the try block. If an exception occurs before driver = webdriver.Chrome... is executed, driver remains undefined.

Here's a breakdown of the issues and how to fix them:

1. UnboundLocalError:

• Problem: The driver variable is used in the finally block before it's guaranteed to be assigned a value if an exception occurs within the try block.
• Solution: Initialize driver to None before the try block. This ensures that driver always has a value, even if the initialization fails.

2. Potential WebDriver Issue:

• Problem: The error message "[WinError 193] %1 is not a valid Win32 application" might indicate an incompatibility between your Python environment, WebDriver, and your browser.
• Solution: Ensure compatibility between your Python version (32-bit or 64-bit), the installed WebDriver (chromedriver, geckodriver, etc.), and your browser version. Download the appropriate WebDriver version from the official source (e.g., https://chromedriver.chromium.org/downloads for Chrome) and place it in a directory included in your system's PATH environment variable.

3. Robust Error Handling:

• Problem: The current code catches exceptions broadly, which can mask potential issues during debugging.
• Solution: Be more specific about the exceptions you're catching. For example, catch WebDriverException to handle WebDriver-related errors separately.

Revised Code:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service
from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
# ... other imports

def main():
    driver = None  # Initialize driver to None
    try:
        driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=Service(ChromeDriverManager().install()), options=options)
        print("@@@@@@@@-driver@@@@@@", driver)
        wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 20)
        results = []

        configs = load_config()
        for config in configs:
            try:
                if config.get("loginMethod"):
                    sso_login(driver, wait, config, results)
                else:
                    normal_login(driver, wait, config, results)
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"Exception in processing {config.get('Domain_Name', 'Unknown')}: {e}")

    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Failed to initialize WebDriver or load configuration: {e}")
    finally:
        time.sleep(5)  
        if driver:  # Check if driver is initialized before quitting
            driver.quit()
            print("Browser closed")

        df = pd.DataFrame(results)
        df.index += 1
        df.index.name = "S.No"
        df.to_excel('login_results.xlsx', index=True)
        print("Login results saved to login_results.xlsx")
        # ... rest of your code ... 

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Explanation of Changes:

1. driver = None : Ensures driver is always defined.
2. if driver: : Safely quits the driver only if it was initialized successfully.

Remember to double-check your WebDriver and browser version compatibility. If the issue persists after applying these changes, please provide more details about your environment and any relevant error messages.