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实验7:基于REST API的SDN北向应用实践

时间:2022-11-03 13:12:14浏览次数:67  
标签:__ url self flow REST headers API SDN requests

实验7:基于REST API的SDN北向应用实践

一、实验目的

  1. 能够编写程序调用OpenDaylight REST API实现特定网络功能;
  2. 能够编写程序调用Ryu REST API实现特定网络功能。

二、实验环境

  1. 下载虚拟机软件Oracle VisualBox或VMware;
  2. 在虚拟机中安装Ubuntu 20.04 Desktop amd64,并完整安装Mininet、OpenDaylight(Carbon版本)、Postman和Ryu;

三、实验要求

(一)基本要求

  1. 编写Python程序,调用OpenDaylight的北向接口实现以下功能
    (1) 利用Mininet平台搭建下图所示网络拓扑,并连接OpenDaylight;

    • 使用命令./distribution-karaf-0.6.4-Carbon/bin/karaf打开ODL控制器
    • 使用命令sudo mn --topo=single,3 --controller=remote,ip=127.0.0.1,port=6633 --switch ovsk,protocols=OpenFlow13创建拓扑并连接控制器

       

       

       

    (2) 下发指令删除s1上的流表数据。

    #!/usr/bin/python
    import requests
    from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

    def http_delete(url):
    url= url
    headers = {'Content-Type':'application/json'}
    resp = requests.delete(url, headers=headers, auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'admin'))
    return resp

    if __name__ == "__main__":
    url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8181/restconf/config/opendaylight-inventory:nodes/node/openflow:1/'
    resp = http_delete(url)
    print(resp.content)

    
    
    

     

     

     

    (3) 下发硬超时流表,实现拓扑内主机h1和h3网络中断20s。

    #!/usr/bin/python
    import requests
    from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8181/restconf/config/opendaylight-inventory:nodes/node/openflow:1/flow-node-inventory:table/0/flow/1'
        with open("./flowtimeout.json") as file:
            str = file.read()
        headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
        res = requests.put(url, str, headers=headers, auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'admin'))
        print (res.content)

     

    json文件:

    {
      "flow": [
        {
          "id": "1",
          "match": {
            "in-port": "1",
            "ethernet-match": {
              "ethernet-type": {
                "type": "0x0800"
              }
            },
            "ipv4-destination": "10.0.0.3/32"
          },
          "instructions": {
            "instruction": [
              {
                "order": "0",
                "apply-actions": {
                  "action": [
                    {
                      "order": "0",
                      "drop-action": {}
                    }
                  ]
                }
              }
            ]
          },
          "flow-name": "flow",
          "priority": "65535",
          "hard-timeout": "20",
          "cookie": "2",
          "table_id": "0"
        }
      ]
    }

     

     

     

    (4) 获取s1上活动的流表数。

    #!/usr/bin/python
    import requests
    from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8181/restconf/operational/opendaylight-inventory:nodes/node/openflow:1/flow-node-inventory:table/0/opendaylight-flow-table-statistics:flow-table-statistics'
        headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
        res = requests.get(url,headers=headers, auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'admin'))
        print (res.content)

     

     

     

  2. 编写Python程序,调用Ryu的北向接口实现以下功能
    (1) 实现上述OpenDaylight实验拓扑上相同的硬超时流表下发。

    • 关闭ODL控制器,关闭上次的拓扑并清除拓扑后

    • 使用命令ryu-manager ryu.app.simple_switch_13 ryu.app.ofctl_rest打开Ryu控制器

    • 使用命令sudo mn --topo=single,3 --mac --controller=remote,ip=127.0.0.1,port=6633 --switch ovsk,protocols=OpenFlow13创建拓扑

    #!/usr/bin/python
    import requests
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8080/stats/flowentry/add'
        with open("./hardtimeout.json") as file:
            str = file.read()
        headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
        res = requests.post(url, str, headers=headers)
        print (res.content)

     

    json文件:

    {
        "dpid": 1,
        "cookie": 1,
        "cookie_mask": 1,
        "table_id": 0,
        "hard_timeout": 20,
        "priority": 65535,
        "flags": 1,
        "match":{
            "in_port":1
        },
        "actions":[
    
        ]
     }

     

     

     

     

     

     

     (2) 参考Ryu REST API的文档,基于VLAN实验的网络拓扑,编程实现相同的VLAN配置。
    提示:拓扑生成后需连接Ryu,且Ryu应能够提供REST API服务

#topo.py
from mininet.topo import Topo

class MyTopo(Topo):
    def __init__(self):
        # initilaize topology
        Topo.__init__(self)

        self.addSwitch("s1")
        self.addSwitch("s2")

        self.addHost("h1")
        self.addHost("h2")
        self.addHost("h3")
        self.addHost("h4")

        self.addLink("s1", "h1")
        self.addLink("s1", "h2")
        self.addLink("s2", "h3")
        self.addLink("s2", "h4")
        self.addLink("s1", "s2")

topos = {'mytopo': (lambda: MyTopo())}

 

  • 关闭控制器,关闭上一次实验的拓扑并清除拓扑

  • 使用命令ryu-manager ryu.app.simple_switch_13 ryu.app.ofctl_rest打开Ryu控制器

  • 使用命令sudo mn --custom topo.py --topo mytopo --mac --controller=remote,ip=127.0.0.1,port=6633 --switch ovsk,protocols=OpenFlow13创建拓扑

 

 

 

VLAN_IDHosts
0 h1 h3
1 h2 h4
#####vlan.py
import json

import requests

if __name__ == "__main__":
    url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8080/stats/flowentry/add'
    headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
    flow1 = {
        "dpid": 1,
        "priority": 1,
        "match":{
            "in_port": 1
        },
        "actions":[
            {
                "type": "PUSH_VLAN",    
                "ethertype": 33024      
            },
            {
                "type": "SET_FIELD",
                "field": "vlan_vid",    
                "value": 4096           
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 3
            }
        ]
    }
    flow2 = {
        "dpid": 1,
        "priority": 1,
        "match":{
            "in_port": 2
        },
        "actions":[
            {
                "type": "PUSH_VLAN",     
                "ethertype": 33024      
            },
            {
                "type": "SET_FIELD",
                "field": "vlan_vid",     
                "value": 4097           
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 3
            }
        ]
    }
    flow3 = {
        "dpid": 1,
        "priority": 1,
        "match":{
            "vlan_vid": 0
        },
        "actions":[
            {
                "type": "POP_VLAN",    
                "ethertype": 33024     
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 1
            }
        ]
    }
    flow4 = {
        "dpid": 1,
        "priority": 1,
        "match": {
            "vlan_vid": 1
        },
        "actions": [
            {
                "type": "POP_VLAN", 
                "ethertype": 33024  
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 2
            }
        ]
    }
    flow5 = {
        "dpid": 2,
        "priority": 1,
        "match": {
            "in_port": 1
        },
        "actions": [
            {
                "type": "PUSH_VLAN", 
                "ethertype": 33024 
            },
            {
                "type": "SET_FIELD",
                "field": "vlan_vid", 
                "value": 4096  
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 3
            }
        ]
    }
    flow6 = {
        "dpid": 2,
        "priority": 1,
        "match": {
            "in_port": 2
        },
        "actions": [
            {
                "type": "PUSH_VLAN",  
                "ethertype": 33024  
            },
            {
                "type": "SET_FIELD",
                "field": "vlan_vid",  
                "value": 4097 
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 3
            }
        ]
    }
    flow7 = {
        "dpid": 2,
        "priority": 1,
        "match": {
            "vlan_vid": 0
        },
        "actions": [
            {
                "type": "POP_VLAN", 
                "ethertype": 33024  
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 1
            }
        ]
    }
    flow8 = {
        "dpid": 2,
        "priority": 1,
        "match": {
            "vlan_vid": 1
        },
        "actions": [
            {
                "type": "POP_VLAN", 
                "ethertype": 33024  
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 2
            }
        ]
    }
    res1 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow1), headers=headers)
    res2 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow2), headers=headers)
    res3 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow3), headers=headers)
    res4 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow4), headers=headers)
    res5 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow5), headers=headers)
    res6 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow6), headers=headers)
    res7 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow7), headers=headers)
    res8 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow8), headers=headers)

 

 

 

 

(二)进阶要求

OpenDaylight或Ryu任选其一,编程实现查看前序VLAN实验拓扑中所有节点(含交换机、主机)的名称,以及显示每台交换机的所有流表项。

 

 

 

 

 show.py

import requests
import time
import re


class GetNodes:
    def __init__(self, ip):
        self.ip = ip

    def get_switch_id(self):
        url = 'http://' + self.ip + '/stats/switches'
        re_switch_id = requests.get(url=url).json()
        switch_id_hex = []
        for i in re_switch_id:
            switch_id_hex.append(hex(i))

        return switch_id_hex

    def getflow(self):
        url = 'http://' + self.ip + '/stats/flow/%d'
        switch_list = self.get_switch_id()
        ret_flow = []
        for switch in switch_list:
            new_url = format(url % int(switch, 16))
            re_switch_flow = requests.get(url=new_url).json()
            ret_flow.append(re_switch_flow)
        return ret_flow

    def show(self):
        flow_list = self.getflow()
        for flow in flow_list:
            for dpid in flow.keys():
                dp_id = dpid
                switchnum= '{1}'.format(hex(int(dp_id)), int(dp_id))
                print('s'+switchnum,end = " ")
                switchnum = int(switchnum)
            for list_table in flow.values():
                for table in list_table:
                    string1 = str(table)
                    if re.search("'dl_vlan': '(.*?)'", string1) is not None:
                       num = re.search("'dl_vlan': '(.*?)'", string1).group(1);
                       if num == '0' and switchnum == 1:
                          print('h1',end = " ")
                       if num == '1' and switchnum == 1:
                          print('h2',end = " ")
                       if num == '0' and switchnum == 2:
                          print('h3',end = " ")
                       if num == '1' and switchnum == 2:
                          print('h4',end = " ")
        print("")
        flow_list = self.getflow()
        for flow in flow_list:
            for dpid in flow.keys():
                dp_id = dpid
                print('switch_name:s{1}'.format(hex(int(dp_id)), int(dp_id)))
            for list_table in flow.values():
                for table in list_table:
                    print(table)
s1 = GetNodes("127.0.0.1:8080")
s1.show()

 

 

个人总结

 

本次实验总体难度较大,需要查阅API文档较多

 

实验中遇到的问题

 

1.运行python delete.py等命令时报错缺失requests库,换成python3才成功运行

 

2.由于之前使用过代理导致报错需要清理一下代理才能正常运行

 

通过这次实验,进一步学习了用OpenDaylight和Ryu的rest API来实现特定的网络功能

 

标签:__,url,self,flow,REST,headers,API,SDN,requests
From: https://www.cnblogs.com/964513852c/p/16853384.html

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