You are given a string s
. Reorder the string using the following algorithm:
- Remove the smallest character from
s
and append it to the result. - Remove the smallest character from
s
that is greater than the last appended character, and append it to the result. - Repeat step 2 until no more characters can be removed.
- Remove the largest character from
s
and append it to the result. - Remove the largest character from
s
that is smaller than the last appended character, and append it to the result. - Repeat step 5 until no more characters can be removed.
- Repeat steps 1 through 6 until all characters from
s
have been removed.
If the smallest or largest character appears more than once, you may choose any occurrence to append to the result.
Return the resulting string after reordering s
using this algorithm.
Example 1:
Input: s = "aaaabbbbcccc"
Output: "abccbaabccba"
Explanation: After steps 1, 2 and 3 of the first iteration, result = "abc"
After steps 4, 5 and 6 of the first iteration, result = "abccba"
First iteration is done. Now s = "aabbcc" and we go back to step 1
After steps 1, 2 and 3 of the second iteration, result = "abccbaabc"
After steps 4, 5 and 6 of the second iteration, result = "abccbaabccba"
Example 2:
Input: s = "rat"
Output: "art"
Explanation: The word "rat" becomes "art" after re-ordering it with the mentioned algorithm.
Constraints:
1 <= s.length <= 500
s
consists of only lowercase English letters.
这道题说是给了一个字符串s,让采取下面一系列的措施:
- 删除s中最小的字符并将其附加到结果中。
- 删除比上次附加的字符大的s中最小的字符,并将其附加到结果中。
- 重复步骤2,直到不能再删除任何字符。
- 删除s中最大的字符并将其附加到结果中。
- 删除比上次附加的字符小的s中最大的字符,并将其附加到结果中。
- 重复步骤5,直到不能再删除任何字符。
- 重复步骤1到6,直到所有字符从s中被删除。
那么实际上就是找每个状态下s中的最大或最小的字符以及其个数,所以就需要统计每个字符出现的次数,而且最好还要能很方便的知道最大最小的字符是什么。一般来说,如果只想统计每个字符出现的个数,会用 HashMap 来做,但是这道题明确说了需要知道最大和最小的字符,则就应该用 TreeMap 或者数组来做。这里用数组来做更方便一点,因为题目中限定了字符串s中只有 26 个小写字母,则用一个大小为 26 的数组来统计每个字母的出现次数即可,而遍历的方向就可以决定取最大或最小的字符。由于总体步骤是要循环执行的,所以最外层要套一个 while 循环,判定条件就是结果 res 的长度不等于原字符串s。
然后从头开始遍历统计字符个数的数组 charCnt,若某个字符个数自减1之后仍大于等于0,则说明该字符存在,并且是当前最大的字符,则将其加入结果 res 中,这样保证了每种字符只会取一个,这样一圈遍历下来步骤1至3就完成了。同理,从末尾往前遍历,若某个字符个数自减1之后仍大于等于0,则说明该字符存在,并且是当前最小的字符,则将其加入结果 res 中,这样保证了每种字符只会取一个,这样一圈遍历下来步骤4至6就完成了。同时最外层的循环保证了步骤1至6可以重复执行,最终循环退出后就得到符合要求的结果 res,参见代码如下:
class Solution {
public:
string sortString(string s) {
string res;
vector<int> charCnt(26);
for (char c : s) {
++charCnt[c - 'a'];
}
while (s.size() != res.size()) {
for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) {
if (--charCnt[i] >= 0) {
res += (i + 'a');
}
}
for (int i = 25; i >= 0; --i) {
if (--charCnt[i] >= 0) {
res += (i + 'a');
}
}
}
return res;
}
};
Github 同步地址:
https://github.com/grandyang/leetcode/issues/1370
参考资料:
https://leetcode.com/problems/increasing-decreasing-string
https://leetcode.com/problems/increasing-decreasing-string/solutions/533002/c-counts/
LeetCode All in One 题目讲解汇总(持续更新中...)
标签:字符,String,res,charCnt,character,1370,result,Increasing,string From: https://www.cnblogs.com/grandyang/p/18678738