堆栈,我们总是把新的数据加在堆栈的最顶端,移除的时候也是从最顶端开始移除。也叫LIFO(last in first out)。
代码实现(javascript)
class Stack { constructor(... items) { this.items = items; } clear() { this.items.length = 0; } clone() { return new Stack(...this.items); } contains(item) { return this.items.includes(item); } peek() { let itemsLength = this.items.length; let item = this.items[itemsLength - 1]; return item; } pop() { let removedItem = this.items.pop(); return removedItem; } push(item) { this.items.push(item); return item; } }
使用Stack()
let myStack = new Stack(); // Add items myStack.push("One"); myStack.push("Two"); myStack.push("Three"); // Preview the last item myStack.peek(); // Three // Remove item let lastItem = myStack.pop(); console.log(lastItem); // Three myStack.peek(); // Two // Create a copy of the stack let newStack = myStack.clone(); // Check if item is in Stack newStack.contains("Three"); // false
时间复杂度
动作 | 最佳 | 平均 | 最差 |
Push | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) |
Pop | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) |
Peek | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) |
Search/Contains | O(1) | O(n) | O(n) |
Memory | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) |