Task1.cpp
1 #pragma once
2
3 #include <iostream>
4 #include <stdexcept>
5
6 // 声明
7 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////
8 // 复数模板类声明
9 template<typename T>
10 class Complex {
11 public:
12 Complex(T r = 0, T i = 0);
13 Complex(const Complex<T> &c);
14
15 T get_real() const;
16 T get_imag() const;
17
18 // 重载+=为成员函数
19 Complex<T>& operator+=(const Complex<T> &c);
20
21 // 重载<<、>>为友元函数
22 template<typename T1>
23 friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream &out, const Complex<T1> &c);
24
25 template<typename T1>
26 friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream &in, Complex<T1> &c);
27
28 private:
29 T real, imag;
30 };
31
32 // 普通函数声明
33 // 重载+用于Complex类型
34 template<typename T>
35 Complex<T> operator+(const Complex<T> &c1, const Complex<T> &c2);
36
37 // 重载==用于Complex类型
38 template<typename T>
39 bool operator==(const Complex<T> &c1, const Complex<T> &c2);
40
41
42 // 实现
43 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////
44 // 成员函数模板实现
45 template<typename T>
46 Complex<T>::Complex(T r, T i): real{r}, imag{i} {
47 }
48
49 template<typename T>
50 Complex<T>::Complex(const Complex<T> &c): real{c.real}, imag{c.imag} {
51 }
52
53 template<typename T>
54 T Complex<T>::get_real() const {
55 return real;
56 }
57
58 template<typename T>
59 T Complex<T>::get_imag() const {
60 return imag;
61 }
62
63 // 重载+=为成员函数
64 template<typename T>
65 Complex<T>& Complex<T>::operator+=(const Complex<T> &c) {
66 real += c.real;
67 imag += c.imag;
68
69 return *this;
70 }
71
72 ///////////////////////////////////////
73 // 友元函数模板实现
74 template<typename T1>
75 std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream &out, const Complex<T1> &c) {
76 if(c.imag >= 0)
77 out << c.real << " + " << c.imag << "i";
78 else
79 out << c.real << " - " << -c.imag << "i";
80
81 return out;
82 }
83
84 template<typename T1>
85 std::istream& operator>>(std::istream &in, Complex<T1> &c) {
86 in >> c.real >> c.imag;
87
88 return in;
89 }
90
91 ///////////////////////////////////////
92 // 普通函数模板实现
93 // 重载+用于Complex类型
94 template<typename T>
95 Complex<T> operator+(const Complex<T> &c1, const Complex<T> &c2) {
96 return Complex<T>(c1.get_real()+c2.get_real(),
97 c1.get_imag()+c2.get_imag());
98 }
99
100 // 重载==用于Complex类型
101 template<typename T>
102 bool operator==(const Complex<T> &c1, const Complex<T> &c2) {
103 return c1.get_real() == c2.get_real() &&
104 c1.get_imag() && c2.get_imag();
105 }
Complex.hpp
1 #include "Complex.hpp"
2 #include <iostream>
3 #include <fstream>
4 #include <stdexcept>
5
6 void test1();
7 void test2();
8
9 int main() {
10 using namespace std;
11
12 cout << "测试1: 复数模板类测试" << endl;
13 test1();
14
15 cout << "\n测试2: 文件I/O测试" << endl;
16 test2();
17 }
18
19 void test1() {
20 using namespace std;
21
22 Complex<double> c1{3.5, 2}, c2;
23 cout << "Enter c2: ";
24 cin >> c2;
25 cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
26 cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
27 cout << "c1 == c2: " << boolalpha << (c1 == c2) << endl;
28
29 cout << "c1 + c2 = " << c1 + c2 << endl;
30 c1 += c2;
31 cout << "c1.real = " << c1.get_real() << endl;
32 cout << "c1.imag = " << c1.get_imag() << endl;
33
34 cout << "c1 == c2: " << boolalpha << (c1 == c2) << endl;
35 }
36
37 void test2() {
38 using namespace std;
39
40 Complex<int> c1{1, 2}, c2{9, -7};
41 ofstream out("ans.txt");
42 if(!out.is_open()) {
43 cout << "fail to open file ans.txt to write\n";
44 return;
45 }
46
47 out << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
48 out << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
49 out << "c1 + c2 = " << c1 + c2 << endl;
50 out << "(c1 == c2) = " << boolalpha << (c1 == c2) << endl;
51
52 out.close();
53 cout << "测试ok!" << endl;
54 }
task1.cpp
运行结果截图:
Task2.cpp
1 #pragma once
2
3 #include <iostream>
4 #include <iomanip>
5 #include <string>
6
7 using std::string;
8 using std::ostream;
9 using std::istream;
10 using std::setw;
11 using std::setprecision;
12 using std::setiosflags;
13 using std::ios_base;
14
15 // Contestant类声明
16 class Contestant {
17 public:
18 Contestant() = default;
19 ~Contestant() = default;
20
21 int get_num() const { return num; }
22 float get_time_usage() const { return time_usage; }
23
24 friend ostream& operator<<(ostream &out, const Contestant &c);
25 friend istream& operator>>(istream &in, Contestant &c);
26
27 private:
28 string no; // 学号
29 string name; // 姓名
30 string major; // 专业
31 int num; // 解题数
32 float time_usage; // 总用时
33 };
34
35 // 友元函数实现
36 // 重载流插入运算符<<
37 ostream& operator<<(ostream &out, const Contestant &c) {
38 out << setiosflags(ios_base::left);
39 out << setw(15) << c.no
40 << setw(15) << c.name
41 << setw(15) << c.major
42 << setw(5) << c.num
43 << setprecision(2) << c.time_usage;
44
45 return out;
46 }
47
48 // 重载流提取运算符>>
49 istream& operator>>(istream &in, Contestant &c) {
50 in >> c.no >> c.name >> c.major >> c.num >> c.time_usage;
51
52 return in;
53 }
Contestant.hpp
1 #include "Contestant.hpp"
2 #include <fstream>
3 #include <iostream>
4 #include <string>
5 #include <vector>
6
7 // 排序函数
8 // 按解题数比较，解题数相同的情况下，按总用时比较，总用时越少，排名越靠前
9 bool compare_by_solutionInfo(const Contestant &c1, const Contestant &c2) {
10 if(c1.get_num() > c2.get_num())
11 return true;
12
13 if(c1.get_num() == c2.get_num())
14 return c1.get_time_usage() < c2.get_time_usage();
15
16 return false;
17 }
18
19 // 把vector<Constestant>对象中的元素插入到输出流out
20 void output(std::ostream &out, const std::vector<Contestant> &v) {
21 for(auto &i: v)
22 out << i << std::endl;
23 }
24
25
26 // 把vector<Contestant>对象中的元素写到filename文件中
27 void save(const std::string &filename, std::vector<Contestant> &v) {
28 using std::ofstream;
29
30 ofstream out(filename);
31 if(!out.is_open()) {
32 std::cout << "fail to open file to write\n";
33 return;
34 }
35
36 output(out, v);
37 out.close();
38 }
39
40 // 从文件filename读取参赛选手信息到vector<Contestant>对象
41 void load(const std::string &filename, std::vector<Contestant> &v) {
42 using std::ifstream;
43
44 ifstream in(filename);
45 if(!in.is_open()) {
46 std::cout << "fail to open file to read\n";
47 return;
48 }
49
50 std::string title_line;
51 getline(in, title_line); // 跳过标题行
52
53 int first_column;
54 Contestant t;
55 while(in >> first_column >> t)
56 v.push_back(t);
57
58 in.close();
59 }
utils.hpp
1 #include "Contestant.hpp"
2 #include "utils.hpp"
3 #include <iostream>
4 #include <vector>
5 #include <algorithm>
6
7
8 void test() {
9 using namespace std;
10
11 vector<Contestant> v;
12
13 load("data2.txt", v); // 从文件加载选手信息到对象v
14 sort(v.begin(), v.end(), compare_by_solutionInfo); // 按解题情况排序
15 output(cout, v); // 输出对象v中信息到屏幕
16 save("ans.txt", v); // 把对象v中选手信息保存到文件
17 }
18
19 int main() {
20 test();
21 }
task2.cpp
1 序号 学号 姓名 专业 解题数（道） 总用时（小时） 2 1 204942005 Jeny 未来专业1 5 5 3 2 204942302 Alex 未来专业2 8 4 4 3 204942059 Bob 未来专业2 8 5 5 4 204942111 Hellen 未来专业3 7 3.5 6 5 204942017 chappie 未来专业4 4 4.5 7 6 204942075 Shaw 未来专业5 8 4.5 8 7 204942076 Thomas 未来专业6 3 3.5 9 8 204942078 Jennie 未来专业7 5 5 10 9 204942079 Tibby 未来专业7 7 3.5 11 10 204942080 Vermont 未来专业8 7 4data2.txt
运行结果截图:
Task3.cpp
1 #include "Triangle.hpp"
2 #include <iostream>
3 #include <fstream>
4
5 void test() {
6 using namespace std;
7
8 cout << "从文件读入三角形三边边长，计算面积" << endl;
9
10 ifstream in("data3.txt");
11 if(!in.is_open()) {
12 cout << "fail to open file to read\n";
13 return;
14 }
15
16 double a,b,c;
17 do {
18 cout << "三角形边长: ";
19 in >> a >> b >> c;
20 cout << a << " " << b << " " << c << endl;
21
22 try {
23 Triangle t(a, b, c);
24 cout << "三角形面积: " << t.area() << endl << endl;
25 }catch(const exception &e) {
26 cout << "error: " << e.what() << endl << endl;
27 }
28
29 if(in.peek() == EOF)
30 break;
31 } while(1);
32
33 in.close();
34 }
35
36 int main() {
37 test();
38 }
task3.cpp
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <stdexcept>
3 #include <cmath>
4
5 using namespace std;
6
7 class Triangle {
8 public:
9 Triangle(double s1, double s2, double s3);
10 ~Triangle() = default;
11
12 double area() const;
13
14 private:
15 double a, b, c;
16 };
17
18 Triangle::Triangle(double s1, double s2, double s3): a{s1}, b{s2}, c{s3} {
19 if(a <= 0 || b <= 0 || c <= 0)
20 throw invalid_argument("边长出现负值");
21
22 if(a+b <= c || b+c <= a || a+c <= b)
23 throw invalid_argument("不满足任意两边之和大于第三边");
24 }
25
26 double Triangle::area() const {
27 double s = (a + b + c)/2;
28 return sqrt(s*(s-a)*(s-b)*(s-c));
29 }
Triangle.hpp
运行结果截图:
Task4.cpp
1 #pragma once
2
3 #include<iostream>
4 #include<stdexcept>
5 using namespace std;
6 template<typename T>
7 class Vector{
8 private:
9 int size;
10 T *ptr;
11 public:
12 Vector(int s):size(s){
13 if(s<0)
14 throw length_error("Vector constructor:negative size");
15 else
16 ptr=new T[size];
17 }
18 Vector(int s,T value):size(s){
19 if(s<0)
20 throw length_error("Vector constructor:negative size");
21 else
22 {
23 ptr=new T[size];
24 for(int i=0;i<s;i++)
25 *(ptr+i)=value;
26 }
27 }
28 Vector(const Vector<T> &v){
29 size=v.size;
30 ptr=new T[size];
31 for(int i=0;i<size;i++)
32 *(ptr+i)=v.ptr[i];
33 }
34 ~Vector(){delete []ptr;}
35 int get_size();
36 T& at(int index);
37 T& operator[](int index);
38 friend void output(Vector<T> v){
39 for(int i=0;i<v.size;i++)
40 cout<<v.ptr[i]<<"，";
41 cout<<endl;
42 }
43 };
44 template<typename T>
45 int Vector<T>::get_size(){return size;}
46 template<typename T>
47 T& Vector<T>::at(int index){
48 if (index<0||index>=size)
49 throw out_of_range("Vector:index out of range");
50 return *(ptr+index);
51 }
52 template<typename T>
53 T& Vector<T>::operator[](int index){
54 if (index<0||index>=size)
55 throw out_of_range("Vector:index out of range");
56 return *(ptr+index);
57 }
Vector.hpp
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include "Vector.hpp"
3
4 void test1() {
5 using namespace std;
6
7 int n;
8 cout << "Enter n: ";
9 cin >> n;
10
11 Vector<double> x1(n);
12 for(auto i = 0; i < n; ++i)
13 x1.at(i) = i * 0.7;
14
15 cout << "x1: "; output(x1);
16
17 Vector<int> x2(n, 42);
18 const Vector<int> x3(x2);
19
20 cout << "x2: "; output(x2);
21 cout << "x3: "; output(x3);
22
23 x2.at(0) = 77;
24 x2.at(1) = 777;
25 cout << "x2: "; output(x2);
26 cout << "x3: "; output(x3);
27 }
28
29 void test2() {
30 using namespace std;
31
32 int n, index;
33 while(cout << "Enter n and index: ", cin >> n >> index) {
34 try {
35 Vector<int> v(n, n);
36 v.at(index) = -999;
37 cout << "v: "; output(v);
38 }
39 catch (const exception &e) {
40 cout << e.what() << endl;
41 }
42 }
43 }
44
45 int main() {
46 cout << "测试1: 模板类接口测试\n";
47 test1();
48
49 cout << "\n测试2: 模板类异常处理测试\n";
50 test2();
51 }
task4.cpp
运行结果截图:
Task5.cpp
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <fstream>
3 #include <sstream>
4 #include <vector>
5 #include <string>
6 #include <algorithm>
7
8 // 定义一个结构体来存储学生信息
9 struct Student {
10 std::string id;
11 std::string name;
12 std::string major;
13 int score;
14
15 // 重载小于运算符，用于按专业字典序排序，如果专业相同则按分数降序排序
16 bool operator<(const Student& other) const {
17 if (major != other.major) {
18 return major < other.major; // 按专业字典序排序
19 } else {
20 return score > other.score; // 如果专业相同，则按分数降序排序
21 }
22 }
23 };
24
25 // 从文件中读取学生信息
26 std::vector<Student> readStudentsFromFile(const std::string& filename) {
27 std::vector<Student> students;
28 std::ifstream infile(filename);
29 std::string line;
30
31 // 跳过标题行
32 if (std::getline(infile, line)) {
33 while (std::getline(infile, line)) {
34 std::stringstream ss(line);
35 std::string tempId, tempName, tempMajor, tempScore;
36
37 // 读取并解析每一行的数据
38 if (std::getline(ss, tempId, '\t') &&
39 std::getline(ss, tempName, '\t') &&
40 std::getline(ss, tempMajor, '\t') &&
41 std::getline(ss, tempScore, '\t')) {
42
43 Student student;
44 student.id = tempId;
45 student.name = tempName;
46 student.major = tempMajor;
47 student.score = std::stoi(tempScore); // 将分数字符串转换为整数
48 students.push_back(student);
49 }
50 }
51 }
52
53 infile.close();
54 return students;
55 }
56
57 // 将学生信息输出到屏幕和文件
58 void writeStudentsToOutput(const std::vector<Student>& students, const std::string& outputFilename) {
59 std::ofstream outfile(outputFilename);
60
61 // 输出标题行
62 outfile << "学号\t姓名\t专业\t分数" << std::endl;
63
64 // 输出学生信息
65 for (const auto& student : students) {
66 outfile << student.id << "\t" << student.name << "\t" << student.major << "\t" << student.score << std::endl;
67 }
68
69 outfile.close();
70
71 // 同时输出到屏幕
72 for (const auto& student : students) {
73 std::cout << student.id << "\t" << student.name << "\t" << student.major << "\t" << student.score << std::endl;
74 }
75 }
76
77 int main() {
78 std::vector<Student> students = readStudentsFromFile("data5.txt");
79
80 // 对学生信息进行排序
81 std::sort(students.begin(), students.end());
82
83 // 输出排序后的学生信息到屏幕和文件
84 writeStudentsToOutput(students, "ans5.txt");
85
86 return 0;
87 }
task5.cpp
1 学号 姓名 专业 分数 2 1001 抖森 Acting 80 3 1002 宝爷 Music 97 4 1003 毛怪 Acting 75 5 1004 大眼仔 Acting 82 6 1005 无脸男 Acting 85 7 1006 裘花 Acting 89 8 1007 小李子 Acting 92 9 1008 甜茶 Acting 91 10 1009 囧瑟夫 Acting 88 11 1010 霉霉 Music 96task5.txt
运行结果截图:
标签：std,const,get,Complex,实验,return,include From： https://www.cnblogs.com/yuannauy/p/18612878