1 #pragma once
2 #include "button.hpp"
3 #include<vector>
4 #include<iostream>
5
6 using std::vector;
7 using std::cout;
8 using std::endl;
9
10 //窗口类
11 class window {
12 public:
13 window(const string& win_title);
14 void display()const;
15 void close();
16 void add_button(const string& label);
17
18 private:
19 string title;
20 vector<Button> buttons;
21 };
22
23 window::window(const string& win_title) :title{ win_title } {
24 buttons.push_back(Button("close"));
25 }
26
27 inline void window::display()const {
28 string s(40, '*');
29 cout << s << endl;
30 cout << "window title: " << title << endl;
31 cout << "It has " << buttons.size() << "buttons: " << endl;
32 for (const auto& i : buttons)
33 cout << i.get_label() << " button" << endl;
34 cout << s << endl;
35 }
36
37 void window::close() {
38 cout << "close window '" << title << " ' " << endl;
39 buttons.at(0).click();
40 }
41
42 void window::add_button(const string& label) {
43 buttons.push_back(Button(label));
44 }
45
46
47 //任务1
48 #include "window.hpp"
49 #include<iostream>
50 using std::cout;
51 using std::cin;
52
53 void test() {
54 window w1{ "new window" };
55 w1.add_button("maximize");
56 w1.display();
57 w1.close();
58 }
59
60 int main() {
61 cout << "用组合类模拟简单GUI：\n";
62 test();
63 }
64 //问题1：自定义了2个类：按钮类和窗口类。使用到了标准库的3个类：<iostream><string><vector>。按钮类和<iostream><vector>，窗口类和<iostream><string>存在组合关系
65 //问题2：都不合适。没加const的成员函数都是需要更改数据的，const明显与功能不符；没加inline的成员函数都是需要反复调用的，inline反而会增大可执行体的体积
66 //问题3：打出一行长度为40的*字符串，起分隔作用
View Code
1 #pragma once
2 #include<iostream>
3 #include<string>
4 using std::string;
5 using std::cout;
6 //按钮类
7 class Button {
8 public:
9 Button(const string& text);
10 string get_label()const;
11 void click();
12
13 private:
14 string label;
15 };
16
17 Button::Button(const string& text) :label{ text } {
18 }
19 inline string Button::get_label()const {
20 return label;
21 }
22
23 void Button::click() {
24 cout << "Button'" << label << "'clicked\n";
25 }
View Code
1 #include<iostream>
2 #include<vector>
3 using namespace std;
4 void output1(const vector<int>& v) {
5 for (auto& i : v)
6 cout << i << ", ";
7 cout << "\b\b \n";
8 }
9 void output2(const vector<vector<int>> v) {
10 for (auto& i : v) {
11 for (auto& j : i) {
12 cout << j << ", ";
13 }
14 cout << "\b\b \n";
15 }
16 }
17
18 void test1() {
19 vector<int>v1(5, 42);
20 const vector<int> v2(v1);
21 v1.at(0) = -999;
22 cout << "v1: "; output1(v1);
23 cout << "v2: "; output1(v2);
24 cout << "v1.at(0)=" << v1.at(0) << endl;
25 cout << "v2.at(0)=" << v2.at(0) << endl;
26 }
27
28 void test2() {
29 vector<vector<int>>v1{ {1,2,3},{4,5,6,7} };
30 const vector<vector<int>> v2(v1);
31 v1.at(0).push_back(-999);
32 cout << "v1: \n"; output2(v1);
33 cout << "v2: \n"; output2(v2);
34
35 vector<int>t1 = v1.at(0);
36 cout << t1.at(t1.size() - 1) << endl;
37 const vector<int> t2 = v2.at(0);
38 cout << t2.at(t2.size() - 1) << endl;
39
40 }
41
42 int main() {
43 cout << "测试1：\n";
44 test1();
45 cout << "\n测试2:\n";
46 test2();
47 }
48 //问题1：21行：定义一个长度为5值为42的整形vector对象；22行：将v1复制构造一个vector对象v2；23行：更改v1中第一个元素的值
49 //问题2：32行：定义一个整型二维vector对象v1，并赋值；33行:将v1复制构造给一个vector对象v2;23行：用at成员函数访问二维vector的第一个元素，并向末尾添加-999
50 //问题3：分别从一个可修改的二维向量v1和一个常量二维向量v2中提取并输出最后一个元素
51 //问题4：深复制。应至少提供一个const成员函数作为接口，否则用户无法在代码的const vector上调用该方法
View Code
1 #include"vectorInt.hpp"
2 #include<iostream>
3
4 using std::cin;
5 using std::cout;
6
7 void output(const vectorInt& vi) {
8 for (auto i = 0; i < vi.get_size(); ++i)
9 cout << vi.at(i) << ",";
10 cout << "\b\b\n";
11 }
12
13 void test1() {
14 int n;
15 cout << "Enter n: ";
16 cin >> n;
17
18 vectorInt x1(n);
19 for (auto i = 0; i < n; i++)
20 x1.at(i) = i * i;
21 cout << "x1: ";
22
23 output(x1);
24 vectorInt x2(n, 42);
25 vectorInt x3(x2);
26 x2.at(0) = -999;
27 cout << "x2: "; output(x2);
28 cout << "x3: "; output(x3);
29 }
30
31 void test2() {
32 const vectorInt x(5, 42);
33 vectorInt y(10, 0);
34 cout << "y: "; output(y);
35 y.assign(x);
36 cout << "y: "; output(y);
37
38 cout << "x.at(0)= " << x.at(0) << endl;
39 cout << "x.at(0)= " << y.at(0) << endl;
40
41 }
42 int main() {
43 cout << "测试1：\n";
44 test1();
45 cout << "测试2: \n";
46 test2();
47 }
48 //问题1：深复制，因为释放了原有资源并重新分配了新内存
49 //问题2：不能，&删掉就是int类型，不能更改数值;有安全隐患，可能会出现左边的返回值
50 //问题3：可以，但是有不必要的复制导致的内存开销
51 //附加：注意对vectorInt的使用，不要造成额外的性能消耗
View Code
1 //vectorInt.hpp
2 #pragma once
3 #include <iostream>
4 #include <cassert>
5 using std::cout;
6 using std::endl;
7 // 动态int数组对象类
8 class vectorInt {
9 public:
10 vectorInt(int n);
11 vectorInt(int n, int value);
12 vectorInt(const vectorInt& vi);
13 ~vectorInt();
14
15
16
17
18 int& at(int index);
19 const int& at(int index) const;
20 vectorInt& assign(const vectorInt& v);
21 int get_size() const;
22 private:
23 int size;
24 int* ptr; // ptr指向包含size个int的数组
25 };
26 vectorInt::vectorInt(int n) : size{ n }, ptr{ new int[size] } {
27 }
28 vectorInt::vectorInt(int n, int value) : size{ n }, ptr{ new int[size] } {
29 for (auto i = 0; i < size; ++i)
30 ptr[i] = value;
31 }
32 vectorInt::vectorInt(const vectorInt& vi) : size{ vi.size }, ptr{ new int[size] }
33 {
34 for (auto i = 0; i < size; ++i)
35 ptr[i] = vi.ptr[i];
36 }
37 vectorInt::~vectorInt() {
38 delete[] ptr;
39 }
40 const int& vectorInt::at(int index) const {
41 assert(index >= 0 && index < size);
42 return ptr[index];
43 }
44 int& vectorInt::at(int index) {
45 assert(index >= 0 && index < size);
46 return ptr[index];
47 }
48 vectorInt& vectorInt::assign(const vectorInt& v) {
49 delete[] ptr; // 释放对象中ptr原来指向的资源
50 size = v.size;
51 ptr = new int[size];
52 for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
53 ptr[i] = v.ptr[i];
54 return *this;
55 }
56 int vectorInt::get_size() const {
57 return size;
58 }
59 int vectorInt::get_size() const {
60 return size;
61 }
View Code
1 //Matrix.hpp
2 #pragma once
3 #include<iostream>
4 #include<cassert>
5
6 using std::cout;
7 using std::endl;
8
9 //类Matrix的声明
10 class Matrix {
11 public:
12 Matrix(int n, int m);
13 Matrix(int n);
14 Matrix(const Matrix& x);
15 ~Matrix();
16
17 void set(const double* pvalue);
18
19 void clear();
20
21 const double& at(int i, int j)const;
22 double& at(int i, int j);
23
24 double& at(int i, int j);
25
26 int get_lines()const;
27 int get_cols()const;
28
29 void display()const;
30 private:
31 int lines;
32 int cols;
33 double* ptr;
34 };
35
36 Matrix::Matrix(int n, int m) :lines(n), cols(m) {
37 ptr = new double[n * m];
38 clear();
39 }
40
41 Matrix::Matrix(int n) :Matrix(n, n) {
42 ptr = new double[n * n];
43 clear();
44 }
45
46 Matrix::Matrix(const Matrix& x) :lines(x.lines), cols(x.cols) {
47 ptr = new double[lines * cols];
48 for (int i = 0; i < lines * cols; i++)
49 ptr[i] = x.ptr[i];
50 }
51
52 Matrix::~Matrix() {
53 delete[]ptr;
54 }
55
56 void Matrix::set(const double* pvalue) {
57 for (int i = 0; i < lines * cols; i++)
58 ptr[i] = 0;
59 }
60
61 void Matrix::clear() {
62 for (int i = 0; i < lines * cols; i++)
63 ptr[i] = 0;
64 }
65
66 const double& Matrix::at(int i, int j)const {
67 assert(i >= 0 && i < lines && j >= 0 && j < cols);
68 return*(ptr + cols * i + j);
69 }
70
71 double& Matrix::at(int i, int j){
72 assert(i >= 0 && i < lines && j >= 0 && j < cols);
73 return*(ptr + cols * i + j);
74 }
75
76 int Matrix::get_lines() const{
77 return lines;
78 }
79
80 int Matrix::get_cols()const {
81 return cols;
82 }
83
84 void Matrix::display()const{
85 for (int i = 0; i <lines; i++)
86 {
87 for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++)
88 {
89 cout << ptr[i * cols + j] << " ";
90 }
91 cout << endl;
92 }
93 }
View Code
1 #include "matrix.hpp"
2 #include<iostream>
3 #include<cassert>
4
5 using std::sin;
6 using std::cout;
7 using std::endl;
8
9 const int N = 1000;
10
11
12
13 void output(const Matrix& m, int index) {
14 assert(index >= 0 && index < m.get_lines());
15
16 for (auto j = 0; j < m.get_cols(); ++j)
17 cout << m.at(index, j) << ",";
18 cout << "\b\b \n";
19 }
20
21
22 void test1() {
23 double x[1000] = { 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 };
24
25 int n, m;
26 cout << "Enter n and m: ";
27 cin >> n >> m;
28
29 Matrix m1(n, m);
30 m1.set(x);
31
32 Matrix m2(n, m);
33 m2.set(x);
34
35 Matrix m3(2);
36 m3.set(x);
37
38 cout << "矩形对象m1:\n"; m1.display(); cout << endl;
39 cout << "矩形对象m2:\n"; m2.display(); cout << endl;
40 cout << "矩形对象m3:\n"; m3.display(); cout << endl;
41 }
42
43 void test2() {
44 Matrix m1(2, 3);
45 m1.clear();
46
47 const Matrix m2(m1);
48 m1.at(0, 0) = -999;
49
50 cout << "m1.at(0,0)= " << m1.at(0, 0) << endl;
51 cout << "m2.at(0,0)= " << m2.at(0, 0) << endl;
52 cout << "矩阵对象m1第0行："; output(m1, 0);
53 cout << "矩阵对象m2第0行："; output(m2, 0);
54 }
55
56 int main() {
57 cout << "测试1：\n";
58 test1();
59 cout << "测试2：\n";
60 test2();
61 }
View Code
1 //user.hpp
2 #pragma once
3 #include<iostream>
4 #include<string>
5 using std::string;
6 using std::cout;
7 using namespace std;
8
9 class User {
10 private:
11 string name, password, email;
12
13 public:
14 User(string name, string password = " ", string email = " ") :
15 name(name), password(password), email(email) {}
16 User();
17 void set_email();
18 void change_password();
19 void display();
20 };
21
22 User::User(string name, string password = " ", string email = " ") :
23 name(name), password(password), email(email){}
24
25 User::User(){}
26
27 User::set_email() {
28 while (true)
29 cout << "Enter your email:";
30 string newone;
31 cin >> newone;
32 while (newone.find('@') == string::npos) {
33 cout << "Illegal email.Please re-enter email:";
34 cin >> newone;
35 }
36 email = newone;
37 cout << "email is set successfully..." << endl;
38 }
39
40 User::change_password() {
41 cout << "Enter old password:";
42 string newone;
43 int n = 2;
44 cin >> newone;
45 while (n--) {
46
47 if (newone == password)
48 {
49
50 cout << "Enter new password:";
51 cin >> newone;
52 password = newone;
53 cout << "new password is set successfully..." << endl << endl;
54 break;
55 }
56
57 cout << "password input error.Please re-enter again:";
58 cin >> newone;
59 }
60 if (n == -1) {
61 cout << "password input error. Please try after a while." << endl;
62
63 }
64 }
65
66 User::display()
67 {
68 std::cout << "Username: " << name << std::endl;
69 std::cout << "Password: " << std::string(password.length(), '*')
70 << std::endl;
71 std::cout << "Email: " << email << std::endl;
72 }
View Code
1 #include "user.hpp"
2 #include<iostream>
3 #include<vector>
4 #include<string>
5
6 using std::cin;
7 using std::cout;
8 using std::endl;
9 using std::vector;
10 using std::string;
11
12 void test() {
13 vector<User> user_1st;
14
15 User u1("Alice", "2024113"，"[email protected]")
16 user_1st.push_back(u1);
17 cout << endl;
18
19 User u2("Bob");
20 u2.set_email();
21 u2.change_password();
22 user_1st.push_back(u1);
23 cout << endl;
24
25 User u3("Hellen");
26 u2.set_email();
27 u2.change_password();
28 user_1st.push_back(u3);
29 cout << endl;
30
31 cout << "There are " << user_1st.size() << "users.they are: " << endl;
32 for (auto& i : user_1st) {
33 i.display();
34 cout << endl;
35 }
36 }
37
38 int main() {
39 test();
40 }
View Code
1 // 6_25.cpp
2
3 #include "account.h"
4 #include <iostream>
5
6 using namespace std;
7 int main() {
8 Date date(2008, 11, 1); // 起始日期
9
10 // 建立几个账户
11 SavingsAccount accounts[] = {
12 SavingsAccount(date, "03755217", 0.015),
13 SavingsAccount(date, "02343342", 0.015)
14 };
15
16 const int n = sizeof(accounts) / sizeof(SavingsAccount); // 账户总数
17
18 // 11月的几笔账目
19 accounts[0].deposit(Date(2008, 11, 5), 5000, "salary");
20 accounts[1].deposit(Date(2008, 11, 25), 10000, "sell stock 0323");
21
22
23 // 12月的几笔账目
24 accounts[0].deposit(Date(2008, 12, 5), 5500, "salary");
25 accounts[1].withdraw(Date(2008, 12, 20), 4000, "buy a laptop");
26
27 // 结算所有账户并输出各个账户信息
28 cout << endl;
29
30 for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
31 accounts[i].settle(Date(2009, 1, 1));
32 accounts[i].show();
33 cout << endl;
34 }
35
36 cout << "Total: " << SavingsAccount::getTotal() << endl;
37
38 return 0;
39 }
40
41 // date.h
42
43 #ifndef __DATE_H__
44 #define __DATE_H__
45
46 // 日期类
47 class Date {
48 private:
49 int year; // 年
50 int month; // 月
51 int day; // 日
52 int totalDays; // 该日期是从公元元年1月1日开始的第几天
53
54 public:
55 Date(int year, int month, int day); // 用年、月、日构造日期
56 int getYear() const { return year; }
57 int getMonth() const { return month; }
58 int getDay() const { return day; }
59 int getMaxDay() const; // 判断当月有多少天
60
61 // 判断当年是否为闰年
62 bool isLeapYear() const {
63 return year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0 || year % 400 == 0;
64 };
65
66 void show() const; // 输出当前日期
67
68 // 计算两个日期之间差多少天
69 int distance(const Date& date) const {
70 return totalDays - date.totalDays;
71 }
72 };
73
74
75 #endif // __DATE_H__
76
77 #pragma once
78 #define __ACCOUNT_H__
79 #include "date.h"
80 #include <string>
81 class SavingsAccount {
82 private:
83 std::string id;
84 double balance;
85 double rate;
86 Date lastDate;
87 double accumulation;
88 static double total;
89 void record(const Date& date, double amount, const std::string& desc);
90 void error(const std::string& msg)const;
91 double accumulate(const Date& date)const {
92 return accumulation + balance * date.distance(lastDate);
93 }
94 public:
95 SavingsAccount(const Date& date, const std::string& id, double rate);
96 const std::string& getId() const { return id; }
97 double getBalance() const { return balance;}
98 double getRate()const { return rate; }
99 static double getTotal() { return total;}
100
101 void deposit(const Date& date,double amount, const std::string& desc);
102 void withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const std::string& desc);
103 void settle(const Date& date);
104 void show()const;
105 };
106
107 // account.cpp
108
109 #include "account.h"
110
111 #include <cmath>
112 #include <iostream>
113
114 using namespace std;
115
116 double SavingsAccount::total = 0;
117
118 // SavingsAccount类相关成员函数的实现
119 SavingsAccount::SavingsAccount(const Date& date, const string& id, double rate) : id(id), balance(0), rate(rate), lastDate(date), accumulation(0)
120 {
121 date.show();
122 cout << "\t#" << id << " created" << endl;
123 }
124
125 void SavingsAccount::record(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc)
126 {
127 accumulation = accumulate(date);
128 lastDate = date;
129 amount = floor(amount * 100 + 0.5) / 100; // 保留小数点后两位
130 balance += amount;
131 total += amount;
132 date.show();
133 cout << "\t#" << id << "\t" << amount << "\t" << balance << "\t" << desc << endl;
134 }
135
136 void SavingsAccount::error(const string& msg) const
137 {
138 cout << "Error(#" << id << "): " << msg << endl;
139 }
140
141 void SavingsAccount::deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc)
142 {
143 record(date, amount, desc);
144 }
145
146 void SavingsAccount::withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc)
147 {
148 if (amount > getBalance())
149 error("not enough moneny");
150 else
151 record(date, -amount, desc);
152 }
153
154 void SavingsAccount::settle(const Date& date)
155 {
156 // 计算年息
157 double interest = accumulate(date) * rate / date.distance(Date(date.getYear() - 1, 1, 1));
158
159 if (interest != 0)
160 record(date, interest, "interest");
161
162 accumulation = 0;
163 }
164
165 void SavingsAccount::show() const
166 {
167 cout << id << "\tBalance: " << balance;
168 }
View Code
标签：std,const,cout,Matrix,int,实验,string From： https://www.cnblogs.com/WZX1521105313/p/18538460