task 1.cpp
1 // 类T: 实现
2 // 普通函数实现
3
4 #include "t.h"
5 #include <iostream>
6 #include <string>
7
8 using std::cout;
9 using std::endl;
10 using std::string;
11
12 // static成员数据类外初始化
13 const std::string T::doc{"a simple class sample"};
14 const int T::max_cnt = 999;
15 int T::cnt = 0;
16
17
18 // 对象方法
19 T::T(int x, int y): m1{x}, m2{y} {
20 ++cnt;
21 cout << "T constructor called.\n";
22 }
23
24 T::T(const T &t): m1{t.m1}, m2{t.m2} {
25 ++cnt;
26 cout << "T copy constructor called.\n";
27 }
28
29 T::T(T &&t): m1{t.m1}, m2{t.m2} {
30 ++cnt;
31 cout << "T move constructor called.\n";
32 }
33
34 T::~T() {
35 --cnt;
36 cout << "T destructor called.\n";
37 }
38
39 void T::adjust(int ratio) {
40 m1 *= ratio;
41 m2 *= ratio;
42 }
43
44 void T::display() const {
45 cout << "(" << m1 << ", " << m2 << ")" ;
46 }
47
48 // 类方法
49 int T::get_cnt() {
50 return cnt;
51 }
52
53 // 友元
54 void func() {
55 T t5(42);
56 t5.m2 = 2049;
57 cout << "t5 = "; t5.display(); cout << endl;
58 }
t.cpp
1 #pragma once
2
3 #include <string>
4
5 // 类T: 声明
6 class T {
7 // 对象属性、方法
8 public:
9 T(int x = 0, int y = 0); // 普通构造函数
10 T(const T &t); // 复制构造函数
11 T(T &&t); // 移动构造函数
12 ~T(); // 析构函数
13
14 void adjust(int ratio); // 按系数成倍调整数据
15 void display() const; // 以(m1, m2)形式显示T类对象信息
16
17 private:
18 int m1, m2;
19
20 // 类属性、方法
21 public:
22 static int get_cnt(); // 显示当前T类对象总数
23
24 public:
25 static const std::string doc; // 类T的描述信息
26 static const int max_cnt; // 类T对象上限
27
28 private:
29 static int cnt; // 当前T类对象数目
30
31 // 类T友元函数声明
32 friend void func();
33 };
34
35 // 普通函数声明
36 void func();
t.h
1 #include "t.h"
2 #include <iostream>
3
4 using std::cout;
5 using std::endl;
6
7 void test();
8
9 int main() {
10 test();
11 cout << "\nmain: \n";
12 cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl;
13 }
14
15 void test() {
16 cout << "test class T: \n";
17 cout << "T info: " << T::doc << endl;
18 cout << "T objects'max count: " << T::max_cnt << endl;
19 cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl << endl;
20
21
22 T t1;
23 cout << "t1 = "; t1.display(); cout << endl;
24
25 T t2(3, 4);
26 cout << "t2 = "; t2.display(); cout << endl;
27
28 T t3(t2);
29 t3.adjust(2);
30 cout << "t3 = "; t3.display(); cout << endl;
31
32 T t4(std::move(t2));
33 cout << "t3 = "; t4.display(); cout << endl;
34
35 cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl;
36
37 func();
38 }
task1.cpp
运行结果截图：
task2.cpp
1 #pragma once
2
3 #include<string>
4
5 class Complex
6 {
7 public:
8 Complex(double = 0, double = 0);
9 Complex(const Complex&);
10 double get_real() const;
11 double get_imag() const;
12 void add(const Complex&);
13 static std::string doc;
14
15 private:
16 double real;
17 double imag;
18
19 friend Complex& add(const Complex&, const Complex&);
20 friend bool is_equal(const Complex&, const Complex&);
21 friend bool is_not_equal(const Complex&, const Complex&);
22 friend double abs(const Complex&);
23 friend void output(const Complex&);
24 };
25
26 Complex& add(const Complex&, const Complex&);
27 bool is_equal(const Complex&, const Complex&);
28 bool is_not_equal(const Complex&, const Complex&);
29 double abs(const Complex&);
30 void output(const Complex&);
Complex.h
1 #include"Complex.h"
2
3 #include<iostream>
4 #include<string>
5 #include<cmath>
6 using std::cout;
7 using std::endl;
8 std::string Complex::doc = "a simplified complex class";
9 Complex::Complex(double a, double b) :real{ a }, imag{ b } {}
10 Complex::Complex(const Complex& c) :real{ c.real }, imag{ c.imag } {}
11 double Complex::get_real() const
12 {
13 return real;
14 }
15 double Complex::get_imag() const
16 {
17 return imag;
18 }
19 void Complex::add(const Complex& c)
20 {
21 real += c.real;
22 imag += c.imag;
23 }
24 Complex& add(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2)
25 {
26 Complex c3(c1.real + c2.real, c1.imag + c2.imag);
27 return c3;
28 }
29 bool is_equal(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2)
30 {
31 if (c1.real == c2.real && c1.imag == c2.imag)
32 return true;
33 else
34 return false;
35 }
36 bool is_not_equal(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2)
37 {
38 if (c1.real != c2.real || c1.imag != c2.imag)
39 return true;
40 else
41 return false;
42 }
43 double abs(const Complex& c)
44 {
45 double a = sqrt(pow(c.real, 2) + pow(c.imag, 2));
46 return a;
47 }
48 void output(const Complex& c)
49 {
50 cout << c.real << " + " << c.imag << "i" << endl;
51 }
Complex.cpp
1 #include "Complex.h"
2 #include <iostream>
3
4 using std::cout;
5 using std::endl;
6 using std::boolalpha;
7
8 void test() {
9 cout << "类成员测试: " << endl;
10 cout << Complex::doc << endl;
11
12 cout << endl;
13
14 cout << "Complex对象测试: " << endl;
15 Complex c1;
16 Complex c2(3, -4);
17 const Complex c3(3.5);
18 Complex c4(c3);
19
20 cout << "c1 = "; output(c1); cout << endl;
21 cout << "c2 = "; output(c2); cout << endl;
22 cout << "c3 = "; output(c3); cout << endl;
23 cout << "c4 = "; output(c4); cout << endl;
24 cout << "c4.real = " << c4.get_real() << ", c4.imag = " << c4.get_imag() << endl;
25
26 cout << endl;
27
28 cout << "复数运算测试: " << endl;
29 cout << "abs(c2) = " << abs(c2) << endl;
30 c1.add(c2);
31 cout << "c1 += c2, c1 = "; output(c1); cout << endl;
32 cout << boolalpha;
33 cout << "c1 == c2 : " << is_equal(c1, c2) << endl;
34 cout << "c1 != c3 : " << is_not_equal(c1, c3) << endl;
35 c4 = add(c2, c3);
36 cout << "c4 = c2 + c3, c4 = "; output(c4); cout << endl;
37 }
38
39 int main() {
40 test();
41 }
task2.cpp
运行结果截图：
task3.cpp
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <complex>
3
4 using std::cout;
5 using std::endl;
6 using std::boolalpha;
7 using std::complex;
8
9 void test() {
10 cout << "标准库模板类comple测试: " << endl;
11 complex<double> c1;
12 complex<double> c2(3, -4);
13 const complex<double> c3(3.5);
14 complex<double> c4(c3);
15
16 cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
17 cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
18 cout << "c3 = " << c3 << endl;
19 cout << "c4 = " << c4 << endl;
20 cout << "c4.real = " << c4.real() << ", c4.imag = " << c4.imag() << endl;
21 cout << endl;
22
23 cout << "复数运算测试: " << endl;
24 cout << "abs(c2) = " << abs(c2) << endl;
25 c1 += c2;
26 cout << "c1 += c2, c1 = " << c1 << endl;
27 cout << boolalpha;
28 cout << "c1 == c2 : " << (c1 == c2) << endl;
29 cout << "c1 != c3 : " << (c1 != c3) << endl;
30 c4 = c2 + c3;
31 cout << "c4 = c2 + c3, c4 = " << c4 << endl;
32 }
33
34 int main() {
35 test();
36 }
task3.cpp
适当的使用标准库complex模板类，使代码更简洁，因为只需要包含头文件和测试代码。可以直接使用标准库提供的接口，无需手动编写和调试运算函数和输出函数。
运行结果截图：
task4.cpp
1 #pragma once
2 #include<string>
3
4 class Fraction
5 {
6 public:
7 static std::string doc;
8 Fraction(int = 0, int = 1);
9 Fraction(Fraction&);
10 int get_up();
11 int get_down();
12 Fraction& negative();
13
14 private:
15 int up;
16 int down;
17
18 friend void output(Fraction&);
19 friend Fraction& add(Fraction&, Fraction&);
20 friend Fraction& sub(Fraction&, Fraction&);
21 friend Fraction& mul(Fraction&, Fraction&);
22 friend Fraction& div(Fraction&, Fraction&);
23 };
24 int fun(int, int);//求最大公因数
25 void output(Fraction&);
26 Fraction& add(Fraction&, Fraction&);
27 Fraction& sub(Fraction&, Fraction&);
28 Fraction& mul(Fraction&, Fraction&);
29 Fraction& div(Fraction&, Fraction&);
Fraction.h
1 #include"Fraction.h"
2 #include<iostream>
3 #include<string>
4 #include<cmath>
5 using std::cout;
6 using std::endl;
7 int fun(int a, int b)
8 {
9 if (a == b)
10 return a;
11 else if (a > b)
12 {
13 while (b)
14 {
15 int t = a % b;
16 a = b; b = t;
17 }
18 return a;
19 }
20 else
21 {
22 while (a)
23 {
24 int t = b % a;
25 b = a; a = t;
26 }
27 return b;
28 }
29 }
30 std::string Fraction::doc = "Fraction类 v 0.01版.\n目前仅支持分数对象的构造、输出、加 / 减 / 乘 / 除运算.";
31 Fraction::Fraction(int a, int b) :up{ abs(a) }, down{ abs(b) }//这样在创造时分母一定大于0，负号只会在分子上
32 {
33 if (a * b < 0)
34 up *= -1;
35 }
36 Fraction::Fraction(Fraction& c) :up{ abs(c.up) }, down(abs(c.down))
37 {
38 if (c.up * c.down < 0)
39 up *= -1;
40 }
41 int Fraction::get_up()
42 {
43 return up;
44 }
45 int Fraction::get_down()
46 {
47 return down;
48 }
49 Fraction& Fraction::negative()
50 {
51 Fraction c(-up, down);
52 return c;
53 }
54 void output(Fraction& c)
55 {
56 if (c.down == 0)
57 {
58 cout << "分母不能为0" << endl;
59 }
60 else if (c.up == 0 || c.down == 1)//这种情况只有分子有用
61 {
62 cout << c.up << endl;
63 }
64 else
65 {
66 int t = fun(abs(c.up), abs(c.down));
67 int up = c.up, down = c.down;
68 if (t != 1)
69 {
70 up /= t; down /= t;
71 }
72 cout << up << "/" << down << endl;
73 }
74 }
75 Fraction& add(Fraction& c1, Fraction& c2)
76 {
77 int down = c1.down * c2.down;
78 int up = c1.up * c2.down + c2.up * c1.down;
79 Fraction c3(up, down);//化简什么的就交给output吧！
80 return c3;
81 }
82 Fraction& sub(Fraction& c1, Fraction& c2)
83 {
84 int down = c1.down * c2.down;
85 int up = c1.up * c2.down - c2.up * c1.down;
86 Fraction c3(up, down);
87 return c3;
88 }
89 Fraction& mul(Fraction& c1, Fraction& c2)
90 {
91 int down = c1.down * c2.down;
92 int up = c1.up * c2.up;
93 Fraction c3(up, down);
94 return c3;
95 }
96 Fraction& div(Fraction& c1, Fraction& c2)
97 {
98 int down = c1.down * c2.up;
99 int up = c1.up * c2.down;
100 Fraction c3(up, down);
101 return c3;
102 }
Fraction.cpp
1 #include "Fraction.h"
2 #include <iostream>
3
4 using std::cout;
5 using std::endl;
6
7
8 void test1() {
9 cout << "Fraction类测试: " << endl;
10 cout << Fraction::doc << endl << endl;
11
12 Fraction f1(5);
13 Fraction f2(3, -4), f3(-18, 12);
14 Fraction f4(f3);
15 cout << "f1 = "; output(f1); cout << endl;
16 cout << "f2 = "; output(f2); cout << endl;
17 cout << "f3 = "; output(f3); cout << endl;
18 cout << "f4 = "; output(f4); cout << endl;
19
20 Fraction f5(f4.negative());
21 cout << "f5 = "; output(f5); cout << endl;
22 cout << "f5.get_up() = " << f5.get_up() << ", f5.get_down() = " << f5.get_down() << endl;
23
24 cout << "f1 + f2 = "; output(add(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
25 cout << "f1 - f2 = "; output(sub(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
26 cout << "f1 * f2 = "; output(mul(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
27 cout << "f1 / f2 = "; output(div(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
28 cout << "f4 + f5 = "; output(add(f4, f5)); cout << endl;
29 }
30
31 void test2() {
32 Fraction f6(42, 55), f7(0, 3);
33 cout << "f6 = "; output(f6); cout << endl;
34 cout << "f7 = "; output(f7); cout << endl;
35 cout << "f6 / f7 = "; output(div(f6, f7)); cout << endl;
36 }
37
38 int main() {
39 cout << "测试1: Fraction类基础功能测试\n";
40 test1();
41
42 cout << "\n测试2: 分母为0测试: \n";
43 test2();
44 }
task4.cpp
运行结果截图：
task5.cpp
1 #pragma once
2 class SavingsAccount {
3 private:
4 int id;
5 double balance;
6 double rate;
7 int lastDate;
8 double accumulation;
9 static double total;
10 void record(int date, double amount);
11 double accumulate(int date) const
12 {
13 return accumulation + balance * (date - lastDate);
14 }
15 public:
16 SavingsAccount(int date, int id, double rate);
17 int getId()const { return id; }
18 double getBalance()const { return balance; }
19 double getRate()const { return rate; }
20 static double getTotal() { return total; }
21 void deposit(int date, double amount);
22 void withdraw(int date, double amount);
23 void settle(int date);
24 void show()const;
25 };
account.h
1 #include"account.h"
2 #include<cmath>
3 #include<iostream>
4 using namespace std;
5 double SavingsAccount::total = 0;
6
7
8 SavingsAccount::SavingsAccount(int date, int id, double rate) :id(id), balance(0), rate(rate), lastDate(date), accumulation(0)
9 {
10 cout << date << "\t#" << id << " is created" << endl;
11 }
12
13 void SavingsAccount::record(int date, double amount)
14 {
15 accumulation = accumulate(date);
16 lastDate = date;
17 amount = floor(amount * 100 + 0.5) / 100;
18 balance += amount;
19 total += amount;
20 cout << date << "\t#" << id << "\t" << amount << "\t" << balance << endl;
21 }
22 void SavingsAccount::deposit(int date, double amount) {
23 record(date, amount);
24 }
25 void SavingsAccount::withdraw(int date, double amount) {
26 if (amount > getBalance())
27 cout << "Error:not enough money" << endl;
28 else
29 {
30 record(date, -amount);
31 }
32 }
33 void SavingsAccount::settle(int date) {
34 double interest = accumulate(date) * rate / 365;
35 if (interest != 0)
36 record(date, interest);
37 accumulation = 0;
38 }
39 void SavingsAccount::show()const {
40 cout << "#" << id << "\tBalance:" << balance;
41 }
account.cpp
1 #include"account.h"
2 #include<iostream>
3 using namespace std;
4 int main() {
5 SavingsAccount sa0(1, 21325302, 0.015);
6 SavingsAccount sa1(1, 58320212, 0.015);
7 sa0.deposit(5, 5000);
8 sa1.deposit(25, 10000);
9 sa0.deposit(45, 5500);
10 sa1.withdraw(60, 4000);
11 sa0.settle(90);
12 sa1.settle(90);
13 sa0.show(); cout << endl;
14 sa1.show(); cout << endl;
15 cout << "Total: " << SavingsAccount::getTotal() << endl;
16 return 0;
17 }
task.cpp
体会：
类通过私有成员变量和公有成员函数实现了封装。外界只能通过公有成员函数来访问和操作账户信息，保证了数据的安全性和完整性。程序中使用了静态成员变量来记录总账户数，这是数据共享。同时，通过类的封装和访问权限控制，保护了账户信息不被非法访问和修改。对银行账户进行了抽象，使得代码更加简洁、易于理解和维护。
运行结果截图：
标签：const,int,double,Complex,实验,Fraction,include From： https://www.cnblogs.com/yuannauy/p/18494328