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实验1

时间:2024-10-27 17:09:57浏览次数:4  
标签:begin end cout int v0 实验 include

Task1:

// 现代C++标准库、算法库体验
// 本例用到以下内容:
// 1. 字符串string, 动态数组容器类vector、迭代器
// 2. 算法库:反转元素次序、旋转元素
// 3. 函数模板、const引用作为形参

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

// 声明
// 模板函数声明
template<typename T>
void output(const T &c);

// 普通函数声明
void test1();
void test2();
void test3();

int main() {
    cout << "测试1: \n";
    test1();

    cout << "\n测试2: \n";
    test2();

    cout << "\n测试3: \n";
    test3();
}

// 函数实现
// 输出容器对象c中的元素
template <typename T>
void output(const T &c) {
    for(auto &i: c)
        cout << i << " ";
    cout << endl;
}

// 测试1
// 组合使用算法库、迭代器、string反转字符串
void test1() {
    string s0{"0123456789"};
    cout << "s0 = " << s0 << endl;

    string s1{s0};
    reverse(s1.begin(), s1.end());  // 反转指定迭代器区间的元素
    cout << "s1 = " << s1 << endl;

    string s2{s0};
    reverse_copy(s0.begin(), s0.end(), s2.begin()); // 将指定迭代区间的元素拷贝到指定迭代器开始的目标区间,并且在复制过程中反转次序
    cout << "s2 = " << s2 << endl;
}

// 测试2
// 组合使用算法库、迭代器、vector反转动态数组对象vector内数据
void test2() {
    vector<int> v0{2, 0, 4, 9};
    cout << "v0: ";
    output(v0);

    vector<int> v1{v0};
    reverse(v1.begin(), v1.end());
    cout << "v1: ";
    output(v1);

    vector<int> v2{v0};
    reverse_copy(v0.begin(), v0.end(), v2.begin());
    cout << "v2: ";
    output(v2);
}

// 测试3
// 组合使用算法库、迭代器、vector实现元素旋转移位
void test3() {
    vector<int> v0{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};
    cout << "v0: ";
    output(v0);

    vector<int> v1{v0};
    rotate(v1.begin(), v1.begin()+1, v1.end());  // 旋转指定迭代器区间[v1.begin(), v1.end())之间的数据项,旋转后从迭代器v1.begin()+1位置的数据项开始
    cout << "v1: ";
    output(v1);

    vector<int> v2{v0};
    rotate(v2.begin(), v2.begin()+2, v2.end());
    cout << "v2: ";
    output(v2);

    vector<int> v3{v0};
    rotate(v3.begin(), v3.end()-1, v3.end());
    cout << "v3: ";
    output(v3);

    vector<int> v4{v0};
    rotate(v4.begin(), v4.end()-2, v4.end());
    cout << "v4: ";
    output(v4);
}

 

Task2:

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <numeric>
#include <iomanip>

using namespace std;

// 函数声明
// 模板函数声明
template<typename T>
void output(const T &c);

// 普通函数声明
int rand_int_100();
void test1();
void test2();

int main() {
    cout << "测试1: \n";
    test1();

    cout << "\n测试2: \n";
    test2();
}

// 函数实现
// 输出容器对象c中的元素
template <typename T>
void output(const T &c) {
    for(auto &i: c)
        cout << i << " ";
    cout << endl;
}

// 返回[0, 100]区间内的一个随机整数
int rand_int_100() {
    return rand() % 101;
}

// 测试1
// 对容器类对象指定迭代器区间进行赋值、排序
void test1() {
    vector<int> v0(10);  // 创建一个动态数组对象v0, 对象大小为10
    generate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), rand_int_100); // 产生[0, 100]之间的随机整数赋值给指定迭代器区间[v0.begin(), v0.end())内的每个数据项
    cout << "v0: ";
    output(v0);

    vector<int> v1{v0};
    sort(v1.begin(), v1.end()); // 对指定迭代器区间[v1.begin(), v1.end())内数据项进行升序排序
    cout << "v1: ";
    output(v1);

    vector<int> v2{v0};
    sort(v2.begin()+1, v2.end()-1); // 对指定迭代器区间[v1.begin()+1, v1.end()-1)内数据项进行升序排序
    cout << "v2: ";
    output(v2);
}

// 测试2
// 对容器类对象指定迭代器区间进行赋值、计算最大值/最小值/均值
void test2() {
    vector<int> v0(10);  
    generate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), rand_int_100); 
    cout << "v0: ";
    output(v0);

    auto iter1 = min_element(v0.begin(), v0.end());
    cout << "最小值: " << *iter1 << endl;

    auto iter2 = max_element(v0.begin(), v0.end());
    cout << "最大值: " << *iter2 << endl;

    auto ans = minmax_element(v0.begin(), v0.end());
    cout << "最小值: " << *(ans.first) << endl;
    cout << "最大值: " << *(ans.second) << endl;
    double avg1 = accumulate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), 0)/v0.size();
    cout << "均值: " << fixed << setprecision(2) << avg1 << endl;

    cout << endl;

    vector<int> v1{v0};
    cout << "v0: ";
    output(v0);
    sort(v1.begin(), v1.end());
    double avg2 = accumulate(v1.begin()+1, v1.end()-1, 0)/(v1.size()-2);
    cout << "去掉最大值、最小值之后,均值: " << avg2 << endl;
}

 

Task3:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>

bool is_palindrome(std::string s);

int main() {
    using namespace std;
    string s;

    while(cin >> s)  // 多组输入,直到按下Ctrl+Z后结束测试
    //使用 while (cin >> s) 读取多组输入,直到按下 Ctrl+Z(在Windows上)或 Ctrl+D(在Unix/Linux上)结束输入。 
        cout << boolalpha << is_palindrome(s) << endl;//boolalpha 用于以布尔值形式输出 true 或 false。 
}

bool is_palindrome(std::string s)

 {  
    // 转换为小写并去除非字母数字字符(可选,根据需求)  
    // 如果不需要,可以删除以下两行  
    std::transform(s.begin(), s.end(), s.begin(), ::tolower);  
    s.erase(std::remove_if(s.begin(), s.end(), [](unsigned char c){  
        return !std::isalnum(static_cast<unsigned char>(c));  
    }), s.end());  
    int left = 0;  
    int right = s.size() - 1;  
    while (left < right) {  
        if (s[left] != s[right]) {  
            return false;  
        }  
        left++;  
        right--;  
    }  
     return true;  
}
// 函数is_palindrom定义
// 待补足
// ×××

 

Task4:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>

std::string dec2n(int x, int n = 2)
{  
    if (n < 2 || n > 36) {  
       std::cout<<"wrong"<<endl;  
    }  
      
    const std::string digits = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";  
    std::string result;  
      
    // Handle zero explicitly, to avoid empty result  
    if (x == 0) {  
        return "0";  
    }  
      
    // Convert to the desired base  
    bool isNegative = x < 0;  
    if (isNegative) {  
        x = -x;  
    }  
      
    while (x > 0) {  
        result += digits[x % n];  
        x /= n;  
    }  
      
    if (isNegative) {  
        result += "-";  
    }  
      
    // Reverse the result since we built it from least significant digit to most  
    std::reverse(result.begin(), result.end());  
      
    return result;  
}  
int main() {
    using namespace std;

    int x;
    while(cin >> x) {
        cout << "十进制: " << x << endl;
        cout << "二进制: " << dec2n(x) << endl;
        cout << "八进制: " << dec2n(x, 8) << endl;
        cout << "十六进制: " << dec2n(x, 16) << endl << endl;
    }
}



// 函数dec2n定义
// 待补足
// ×××

 

Task5:

#include<iostream> 
#include<iomanip>

using namespace std;
int main()
{
    int count=1; 
    int i,j;
    cout<<"  ";
    for(i=97;i<97+26;i++) 
    {
        cout<<setw(2)<<char(i);
    }
    cout<<endl;
    
    for(i=1;i<=26;i++)
    {
        cout<<setw(2)<<i;
        for(j=i+1;j<=26;j++)
        {
            cout<<setw(2)<<char(j+64);
        }
        for(j=1;j<=i;j++)
        {
            cout<<setw(2)<<char(j+64);
        }
        cout<<endl;
        
    }
    
    
    
    
    return 0;
}

 

Task6:

#include <iostream>  
#include <cstdlib>  
#include <ctime>  
#include <iomanip>  
  
using namespace std;  
  
// 生成随机数,范围在[min, max]之间  
int randomInRange(int min, int max) {  
    return rand() % (max - min + 1) + min;  
}  
  
// 生成除法题目时,确保能整除  
pair<int, int> generateDivisiblePair() {  
    int divisor = randomInRange(1, 10);  
    int dividend = divisor * randomInRange(1, 10); // 确保能整除  
    return {dividend, divisor};  
}  
  
// 生成减法题目时,确保第一个操作数大于第二个操作数  
pair<int, int> generateSubtractPair() {  
    int minuend = randomInRange(2, 10); // 至少为2以确保可以找到一个较小的减数  
    int subtrahend = randomInRange(1, minuend - 1); // 减数小于被减数  
    return {minuend, subtrahend};  
}  
  
// 生成题目并评测用户答案  
double generateAndEvaluateQuestions() {  
    srand(static_cast<unsigned>(time(0))); // 设置随机种子为当前时间  
    int correctAnswers = 0;  
      
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {  
        int operation = randomInRange(0, 3); // 0: 加, 1: 减, 2: 乘, 3: 除  
        pair<int, int> operands;  
          
        switch (operation) {  
            case 0: // 加法  
                operands = {randomInRange(1, 10), randomInRange(1, 10)};  
                cout << operands.first << " + " << operands.second << " = ";  
                break;  
            case 1: // 减法  
                operands = generateSubtractPair();  
                cout << operands.first << " - " << operands.second << " = ";  
                break;  
            case 2: // 乘法  
                operands = {randomInRange(1, 10), randomInRange(1, 10)};  
                cout << operands.first << " * " << operands.second << " = ";  
                break;  
            case 3: // 除法  
                operands = generateDivisiblePair();  
                cout << operands.first << " / " << operands.second << " = ";  
                break;  
        }  
          
        int userAnswer;  
        cin >> userAnswer;  
          
        int correctAnswer;  
        switch (operation) {  
            case 0: correctAnswer = operands.first + operands.second; break;  
            case 1: correctAnswer = operands.first - operands.second; break;  
            case 2: correctAnswer = operands.first * operands.second; break;  
            case 3: correctAnswer = operands.first / operands.second; break;  
        }  
          
        if (userAnswer == correctAnswer) {  
            ++correctAnswers;  
        }  
    }  
      
    double accuracy = static_cast<double>(correctAnswers) / 10 * 100;  
    cout << fixed << setprecision(2) << "正确率: " << accuracy << "%" << endl;  
      
    return accuracy;  
}  
  
int main() {  
    generateAndEvaluateQuestions();  
    return 0;  
}

 

标签:begin,end,cout,int,v0,实验,include
From: https://www.cnblogs.com/karis/p/18508632

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