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实验7：基于REST API的SDN北向应用实践

时间：2022-10-26 13:58:40浏览次数：60  
标签：__ url self py flow REST headers API SDN

目录

一、基本要求

1、编写Python程序，调用OpenDaylight的北向接口实现以下功能

(1）利用Mininet平台搭建下图所示网络拓扑，并连接OpenDaylight

（2）下发指令删除s1上的流表数据

· 创建并编写delete.py文件

# delete.py
import requests
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth
if __name__ == "__main__":
    url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8181/restconf/config/opendaylight-inventory:nodes/node/openflow:1/'
    headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
    res = requests.delete(url, headers=headers, auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'admin'))
    print (res.content)

· 输入python3 delete.py运行

（3）下发硬超时流表，实现拓扑内主机h1和h3网络中断20s

· 创建并编写hardtime_op.py文件

import requests as rq
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth
def http_put(url,jstr):
    url= url
    headers = {'Content-Type':'application/json'}
    resp = rq.put(url,jstr,headers=headers,auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'admin'))
    return resp

if __name__ == "__main__":
    url='http://127.0.0.1:8181/restconf/config/opendaylight-inventory:nodes/node/openflow:1/flow-node-inventory:table/0/flow/1'
    with open('./flowTable1.json') as f:
        jstr = f.read()
    resp = http_put(url,jstr)
    print (resp.content)

· 创建并编写flowTable1.json文件

{
    "flow": [
        {
            "id": "1",
            "match": {
                "in-port": "1",
                "ethernet-match": {
                    "ethernet-type": {
                        "type": "0x0800"
                    }
                },
                "ipv4-destination": "10.0.0.3/32"
            },
            "instructions": {
                "instruction": [
                    {
                        "order": "0",
                        "apply-actions": {
                            "action": [
                                {
                                    "order": "0",
                                    "drop-action": {}
                                }
                            ]
                        }
                    }
                ]
            },
            "flow-name": "flow1",
            "priority": "65535",
            "hard-timeout": "20",
            "cookie": "2",
            "table_id": "0"
        }
    ]
}

· 输入python3 hardtimeout_op.py运行

（4）获取s1上活动的流表数

· 创建并编写get.py文件

import requests as rq
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth
def http_get(url):
    url= url
    headers = {'Content-Type':'application/json'}
    resp = rq.get(url,headers=headers,auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin','admin'))
    return resp

if __name__ == "__main__":
    url='http://127.0.0.1:8181/restconf/operational/opendaylight-inventory:nodes/node/openflow:1/flow-node-inventory:table/0/opendaylight-flow-table-statistics:flow-table-statistics'
    resp = http_get(url)
    print(resp.content)

· 输入python3 get.py运行

2、编写Python程序，调用Ryu的北向接口实现以下功能

（1）实现上述OpenDaylight实验拓扑上相同的硬超时流表下发

· 创建并编写hardtime_ryu.py文件

# ryu_timeout.py
import requests
if __name__ == "__main__":
    url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8080/stats/flowentry/add'
    with open("./flowTable2.json") as file:
        str = file.read()
    headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
    res = requests.post(url, str, headers=headers)
    print (res.content)

· 创建并编写flowTable.json文件

{
    "dpid": 1,
    "cookie": 1,
    "cookie_mask": 1,
    "table_id": 0,
    "hard_timeout": 20,
    "priority": 65535,
    "flags": 1,
    "match":{
        "in_port":1
    },
    "actions":[

    ]
 }

· 输入python3 hardtime_ryu.py运行

（2）参考Ryu REST API的文档，基于VLAN实验的网络拓扑，编程实现相同的VLAN配置

· 编写mysdntopo.py文件

# ryu_topo.py
from mininet.topo import Topo
class MyTopo(Topo):
    def __init__(self):
        # initilaize topology
        Topo.__init__(self)
        self.addSwitch("s1")
        self.addSwitch("s2")
        self.addHost("h1")
        self.addHost("h2")
        self.addHost("h3")
        self.addHost("h4")
        self.addLink("s1", "h1")
        self.addLink("s1", "h2")
        self.addLink("s2", "h3")
        self.addLink("s2", "h4")
        self.addLink("s1", "s2")
topos = {'mytopo': (lambda: MyTopo())}

编写ryuvlan.py文件

# ryu_vlan.py
import json

import requests

if __name__ == "__main__":
    url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8080/stats/flowentry/add'
    headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
    flow1 = {
        "dpid": 1,
        "priority": 1,
        "match":{
            "in_port": 1
        },
        "actions":[
            {
                "type": "PUSH_VLAN",    
                "ethertype": 33024      
            },
            {
                "type": "SET_FIELD",
                "field": "vlan_vid",    
                "value": 4096           
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 3
            }
        ]
    }
    flow2 = {
        "dpid": 1,
        "priority": 1,
        "match":{
            "in_port": 2
        },
        "actions":[
            {
                "type": "PUSH_VLAN",     
                "ethertype": 33024      
            },
            {
                "type": "SET_FIELD",
                "field": "vlan_vid",     
                "value": 4097           
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 3
            }
        ]
    }
    flow3 = {
        "dpid": 1,
        "priority": 1,
        "match":{
            "vlan_vid": 0
        },
        "actions":[
            {
                "type": "POP_VLAN",    
                "ethertype": 33024     
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 1
            }
        ]
    }
    flow4 = {
        "dpid": 1,
        "priority": 1,
        "match": {
            "vlan_vid": 1
        },
        "actions": [
            {
                "type": "POP_VLAN", 
                "ethertype": 33024  
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 2
            }
        ]
    }
    flow5 = {
        "dpid": 2,
        "priority": 1,
        "match": {
            "in_port": 1
        },
        "actions": [
            {
                "type": "PUSH_VLAN", 
                "ethertype": 33024 
            },
            {
                "type": "SET_FIELD",
                "field": "vlan_vid", 
                "value": 4096  
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 3
            }
        ]
    }
    flow6 = {
        "dpid": 2,
        "priority": 1,
        "match": {
            "in_port": 2
        },
        "actions": [
            {
                "type": "PUSH_VLAN",  
                "ethertype": 33024  
            },
            {
                "type": "SET_FIELD",
                "field": "vlan_vid",  
                "value": 4097 
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 3
            }
        ]
    }
    flow7 = {
        "dpid": 2,
        "priority": 1,
        "match": {
            "vlan_vid": 0
        },
        "actions": [
            {
                "type": "POP_VLAN", 
                "ethertype": 33024  
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 1
            }
        ]
    }
    flow8 = {
        "dpid": 2,
        "priority": 1,
        "match": {
            "vlan_vid": 1
        },
        "actions": [
            {
                "type": "POP_VLAN", 
                "ethertype": 33024  
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 2
            }
        ]
    }
    res1 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow1), headers=headers)
    res2 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow2), headers=headers)
    res3 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow3), headers=headers)
    res4 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow4), headers=headers)
    res5 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow5), headers=headers)
    res6 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow6), headers=headers)
    res7 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow7), headers=headers)
    res8 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow8), headers=headers)

运行结果

二、进阶要求

OpenDaylight或Ryu任选其一，编程实现查看前序VLAN实验拓扑中所有节点（含交换机、主机）的名称，以及显示每台交换机的所有流表项。

· 创建并编写show.py文件

import requests as rq
import time
import re
class Get_Info:
    def __init__(self, ip):
        self.ip = ip
    def get_switch_id(self):
        url = 'http://' + self.ip + '/stats/switches'
        re_switch_id = rq.get(url=url).json()
        switch_id_hex = []
        for i in re_switch_id:
            switch_id_hex.append(hex(i))
        return switch_id_hex
    def get_flow_table(self):
        url = 'http://' + self.ip + '/stats/flow/%d'
        switch_list = self.get_switch_id()
        all_flow = []
        for switch in switch_list:
            new_url = format(url % int(switch, 16))
            re_switch_flow = rq.get(url=new_url).json()
            all_flow.append(re_switch_flow)
        return all_flow
    def show_names(self):	
        list_flow = self.get_flow_table()
        for flow in list_flow:
            for dpid in flow.keys():
                dp_id = dpid
                switch_num= '{1}'.format(hex(int(dp_id)), int(dp_id))        
                print('s'+switch_num)
                switch_num = int(switch_num)
            for list_table in flow.values():
                count = 0
                for table in list_table:
                    string1 = str(table)
                    if re.search("'dl_vlan': '(.*?)'", string1) is not None:
                       num = re.search("'dl_vlan': '(.*?)'", string1).group(1);
                       if num == '0' and switch_num == 1:
                          print('h1')
                       if num == '1' and switch_num == 1:
                          print('h2')
                       if num == '0' and switch_num == 2:
                          print('h3')
                       if num == '1' and switch_num == 2:
                          print('h4')
    def show_flows(self):
        list_flow = self.get_flow_table()
        for flow in list_flow:
            for dpid in flow.keys():
                dp_id = dpid
                print('switch_name:s{1}'.format(hex(int(dp_id)), int(dp_id)))
            for list_table in flow.values():
                for table in list_table:
                    print(table)
s1 = Get_Info("127.0.0.1:8080");
s1.show_names();
s1.show_flows();

· 运行结果

三、实验心得

通过这次实验，我能更加使用shell脚本的使用、Python代码的编写以及对opendaylight和ryu的理解和使用，还学习了SDN应用层与控制层之间的北向接口REST API等等。
本次实验难度较大，涉及的知识比较多，代码量也较大，遇到了不少问题，通过查阅资料和同学的帮助下花了不少时间解决。
问题：创建拓扑时报错
解决方法：sudo mn -c清理之后再次创建
问题：运行curl -X DELETE http://127.0.0.1:8080/stats/flowentry/clear/1
curl -X DELETE http://127.0.0.1:8080/stats/flowentry/clear/2 时报错
解决方法：先运行sudo apt-get install curl再运行删除流表指令
问题：创建拓扑之后pingall时ping不通
解决方法：要先连接ryu再创建拓扑

标签：__,url,self,py,flow,REST,headers,API,SDN
From： https://www.cnblogs.com/aaagain/p/16828078.html

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