HttpUtils——助力高效网络通信
- 使用HttpClient发送请求、接收响应很简单，一般需要如下几步即可:
1、创建HttpClient对象。
2、创建请求方法的实例，并指定请求URL。如果需要发送GET请求，
创建HttpGet对象；如果需要发送POST请求，创建HttpPost对象。
3、如果需要发送请求参数，可调用HttpGet、HttpPost
共同的setParams(HttpParams params)方法来添加请求参数；
对于HttpPost对象而言，也可调用setEntity(HttpEntity entity)
方法来设置请求参数。
4、调用HttpClient对象的execute(HttpUriRequest request)
发送请求，该方法返回一个HttpResponse。
5、调用HttpResponse的getAllHeaders()、getHeaders(String name)
等方法可获取服务器的响应头；调用HttpResponse的getEntity()方法可获取HttpEntity对象，
该对象包装了服务器的响应内容。程序可通过该对象获取服务器的响应内容。
6、释放连接。无论执行方法是否成功，都必须释放连接- 引入依赖
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpclient -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.5.13</version>
</dependency>- 工具类
@Slf4j
public class HttpUtils {
public static String defaultEncoding = "utf-8";
/**
* 发送http post请求，并返回响应实体
*
* @param url 请求地址
* @return url响应实体
*/
public static String postRequest(String url) {
return postRequest(url, null, null);
}
/**
* <p>方法名: postRequest</p>
* <p>描述: 发送httpPost请求</p>
*
* @param url
* @param params
* @return
*/
public static String postRequest(String url, Map<String, Object> params) {
return postRequest(url, null, params);
}
/**
* 发送http post请求，并返回响应实体
*
* @param url 访问的url
* @param headers 请求需要添加的请求头
* @param params 请求参数
* @return
*/
public static String postRequest(String url, Map<String, String> headers,
Map<String, Object> params) {
String result = null;
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = buildHttpClient();
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
if (null != headers && headers.size() > 0) {
for (Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {
String key = entry.getKey();
String value = entry.getValue();
httpPost.addHeader(new BasicHeader(key, value));
}
}
if(isJSON(params.toString())){
/**
* json格式
*/
StringEntity requestEntity = new StringEntity(params.toString(), "utf-8");
requestEntity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
httpPost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");
httpPost.setEntity(requestEntity);
}else{
/**
* 名称值对节点类型
*/
if (null != params && params.size() > 0) {
List<NameValuePair> pairList = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size());
for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : params.entrySet()) {
NameValuePair pair = new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue().toString());
pairList.add(pair);
}
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairList, Charset.forName(defaultEncoding)));
}
}
try {
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
try {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (entity != null) {
log.info("【POST请求信息】,请求地址:{},请求参数:{}", url, params);
result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, Charset.forName(defaultEncoding));
log.info("【POST请求信息】,请求地址:{},请求参数:{},返回结果:{}", url, params,result);
}
} finally {
response.close();
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
httpClient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result;
}
/**
* 发送http get请求
*
* @param url 请求url
* @return url返回内容
*/
public static String getRequest(String url) {
return getRequest(url, null);
}
/**
* 发送http get请求
*
* @param url 请求的url
* @param params 请求的参数
* @return
*/
public static String getRequest(String url, Map<String, Object> params) {
return getRequest(url, null, params);
}
/**
* 发送http get请求
*
* @param url 请求的url
* @param headersMap 请求头
* @param params 请求的参数
* @return
*/
public static String getRequest(String url, Map<String, String> headersMap, Map<String, Object> params) {
String result = null;
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = buildHttpClient();
try {
String apiUrl = url;
if (null != params && params.size() > 0) {
StringBuffer param = new StringBuffer();
int i = 0;
for (String key : params.keySet()) {
if (i == 0)
param.append("?");
else
param.append("&");
param.append(key).append("=").append(params.get(key));
i++;
}
apiUrl += param;
}
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(apiUrl);
if (null != headersMap && headersMap.size() > 0) {
for (Entry<String, String> entry : headersMap.entrySet()) {
String key = entry.getKey();
String value = entry.getValue();
httpGet.addHeader(new BasicHeader(key, value));
}
}
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
try {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (null != entity) {
log.info("【GET请求信息】,请求地址:{},请求参数:{}", url, params);
result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, defaultEncoding);
log.info("【GET请求信息】,请求地址:{},请求参数:{},返回结果:{}", url, params,result);
}
} finally {
response.close();
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
httpClient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result;
}
/**
* 创建httpclient,支持http、https
*
* @return
*/
public static CloseableHttpClient buildHttpClient() {
try {
RegistryBuilder<ConnectionSocketFactory> builder = RegistryBuilder
.create();
ConnectionSocketFactory factory = new PlainConnectionSocketFactory();
builder.register("http", factory);
KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
SSLContext context = SSLContexts.custom().useTLS()
.loadTrustMaterial(trustStore, new TrustStrategy() {
public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
String authType) throws CertificateException {
return true;
}
}).build();
LayeredConnectionSocketFactory sslFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(
context,
SSLConnectionSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
builder.register("https", sslFactory);
Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> registry = builder.build();
PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager manager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(registry);
ConnectionConfig connConfig = ConnectionConfig.custom()
.setCharset(Charset.forName(defaultEncoding)).build();
SocketConfig socketConfig = SocketConfig.custom()
.setSoTimeout(100000).build();
manager.setDefaultConnectionConfig(connConfig);
manager.setDefaultSocketConfig(socketConfig);
return HttpClientBuilder.create().setConnectionManager(manager)
.build();
} catch (KeyStoreException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (KeyManagementException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
public static boolean isJSON(String str) {
boolean result = false;
try {
Object obj=JSON.parse(str);
result = true;
} catch (Exception e) {
result=false;
}
return result;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String url1 = "http://192.168.56.101:8196/test/get1";
String result = HttpUtils.getRequest(url1);
System.out.println(result);
String url2 = "http://192.168.56.101:8196/test/get2";
Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("name", "一安未来1");
params.put("addr", "北京1");
String result2 = HttpUtils.postRequest(url2, null,params);
System.out.println(result2);
String url3 = "http://192.168.56.101:8196/test/get3";
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
jsonObject.put("name", "一安未来2");
jsonObject.put("addr", "北京2");
String result3 = HttpUtils.postRequest(url3, null,jsonObject);
System.out.println(result3);
}
【GET请求信息】,请求地址:http://192.168.56.101:8196/test/get1,请求参数:null
【GET请求信息】,请求地址:https://192.168.56.101:8196/test/get1,请求参数:null,返回结果:{"result":"success"}
【POST请求信息】,请求地址:http://192.168.56.101:8196/test/get2,请求参数:{name=一安未来1, addr=北京1}
【POST请求信息】,请求地址:http://192.168.56.101:8196/test/get2,请求参数:{name=一安未来1, addr=北京1},返回结果:{"name":"一安未来1","addr":"北京1"}
【POST请求信息】,请求地址:http://192.168.56.101:8196/test/get3,请求参数:{"name":"一安未来2","addr":"北京2"}
【POST请求信息】,请求地址:http://192.168.56.101:8196/test/get3,请求参数:{"name":"一安未来2","addr":"北京2"},返回结果:{"name":"一安未来2","addr":"北京2"}
}- 接口类
@RestController
public class TestController {
@GetMapping("get1")
public String test1(){
return "{\"result\":\"success\"}";
}
@PostMapping("get2")
private Map<String, Object> test2(@RequestParam Map<String,Object> map){
return map;
}
@PostMapping("get3")
private Map test3(@RequestBody Map<String,Object> map){
return map;
}
}