task1_1.cpp
1 #include <iostream>
2
3 using std::cout;
4 using std::endl;
5
6 // 类A的定义
7 class A {
8 public:
9 A(int x0, int y0) :x{ x0 }, y{ y0 } {}
10 void show()const { cout << x << "," << y << endl; }
11
12 private:
13 int x, y;
14 };
15
16 // 类B的定义
17 class B {
18 public:
19 B(double x0, double y0) : x{ x0 }, y{ y0 } { }
20 void show()const { cout << x << "," << y << endl; }
21
22 private:
23 double x, y;
24 };
25
26 int main() {
27 A a(3, 4);
28 a.show();
29
30 B b(3.2, 5.6);
31 b.show();
32 }
task1_2.cpp
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <string>
3
4 using std::cout;
5 using std::endl;
6
7 // 定义模板类X
8 template<typename T>
9 class X {
10 public:
11 X(T x0, T y0) :x{ x0 }, y{ y0 } { }
12 void show()const { cout << x << "," << y << endl; }
13
14 private:
15 T x, y;
16 };
17
18 int main() {
19 X<int> x1(3, 4);
20 x1.show();
21
22 X<double> x2(3.2, 5.6);
23 x2.show();
24
25 X<std::string> x3("hello", "c plus plus");
26 x3.show();
27 }
task2_1.cpp
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <string>
3
4 int main() {
5 using namespace std;
6
7 string s1, s2;
8 s1 = "nuist"; // 赋值
9 s1[0] = 'N'; // 支持通过[]和索引方式访问
10 s1.at(1) = 'U'; // 支持通过xx.at()方法访问
11 cout << boolalpha << (s1 == "nuist") << endl; // 字符串比较
12 cout << s1.length() << endl; // 字符串长度
13 cout << s1.size() << endl; // 字符串长度
14 s2 = s1 + ",2050"; // 字符串连接
15 cout << s2 << endl;
16
17 string email{ "[email protected]" };
18 auto pos = email.find("@"); // 查找字串"@"第一次出现的索引位置，如果失败，返回string::npos
19 if (pos == string::npos)
20 cout << "illegal email address";
21 else {
22 auto s1 = email.substr(0, pos); // 取子串，从索引0~pos-1
23 auto s2 = email.substr(pos + 1); // 取子串，从pos+1到末尾
24 cout << s1 << endl;
25 cout << s2 << endl;
26 }
27
28 string phone{ "15216982937" };
29 cout << phone.replace(3, 5, string(5, '*')) << endl; // 把从索引位置为3开始的连续五个字符替换成*
30
31 string s3{ "cosmos" }, s4{ "galaxy" };
32 cout << "s3: " + s3 + " s4: " + s4 << endl;
33 s3.swap(s4);
34 cout << "s3: " + s3 + " s4: " + s4 << endl;
35
36 string s5{ "abc" };
37 const char* pstr = s5.c_str();
38 cout << pstr << endl;
39
40 string s6{ "12306" };
41 int x1 = stoi(s6); // 把string转换成int
42 cout << x1 << endl;
43
44 int x2 = 12306;
45 string s7 = to_string(x2); // 把int转换成string
46 cout << s7 << endl;
47
48 double x3 = 123.06;
49 string s8 = to_string(x3); // 把double转换成string
50 cout << s8 << endl;
51 }
task2_2.cpp
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <string>
3 #include <limits>
4
5 int main() {
6 using namespace std;
7
8 const int n = 10;
9 string prompt = string(n, '*') + "Enter a string: " + string(n, '*') + '\n';
10
11 cout << prompt;
12 string s1;
13 cin >> s1; // 从输入流中提取字符串给s1，碰到空格、回车、Tab键即结束
14 cout << "s1: " << s1 << endl;
15 cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n'); // 清空输入缓冲区
16
17 cout << prompt;
18 getline(cin, s1); // 从输入流中提取一行字符串给s1，直到换行
19 cout << "s1: " << s1 << endl;
20
21 string s2, s3;
22 cout << prompt;
23 getline(cin, s2, ' '); // 从输入流中提取字符串给s2，直到指定分隔符空格
24 getline(cin, s3);
25 cout << "s2: " << s2 << endl;
26 cout << "s3: " << s3 << endl;
27 }
task2_3.cpp
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <string>
3
4 int main() {
5 using namespace std;
6
7 string s;
8
9 cout << "Enter words: \n";
10 // 重复录入字符串，将小写字符转化成大写，直到按下Ctrl+Z
11 while (getline(cin, s)) {
12 for (auto& ch : s)
13 ch = toupper(ch);
14 cout << s << "\n";
15 }
16 }
task2_4.cpp
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <string>
3 #include <algorithm>
4
5 int main() {
6 using namespace std;
7
8 string s1;
9
10 cout << "Enter words: \n";
11 getline(cin, s1);
12 cout << "original words: \n";
13 cout << s1 << endl;
14 cout << "to uppercase: \n";
15 transform(s1.begin(), s1.end(), s1.begin(), ::toupper);
16 cout << s1 << endl;
17 }
task3_1.cpp
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <vector>
3
4
5 template<typename t>
6 void output(const t& obj) {
7 for (auto& item : obj)
8 std::cout << item << ", ";
9 std::cout << "\b\b \n";
10 }
11
12 int main() {
13 using namespace std;
14
15 vector<int> v1; // 创建一个vector对象v1，未指定大小，元素是int型，未初始化
16 vector<int> v2(5); // 创建一个vector对象v2，包含5个元素，元素是int型，初始值是默认值0
17 vector<int> v3(5, 42); // 创建一个vector对象v3，包含5个元素，元素是int型，指定初始值是42
18 vector<int> v4{ 1,9,8,4 }; // 创建一个vector对象v4，元素是int型，使用初始化列表方式
19 vector<int> v5{ v4 }; // 创建一个vector对象v5，使用已经存在的对象v4创建
20
21 output(v2);
22 output(v3);
23 output(v4);
24 output(v5);
25 }
task3_2.cpp
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <vector>
3
4 using std::cout;
5 using std::endl;
6 using std::vector;
7
8 void output(const vector<int>& v) {
9 cout << "v.size() = " << v.size() << endl;
10 cout << "v.capacity() = " << v.capacity() << endl;
11 cout << endl;
12 }
13
14 int main() {
15 vector<int> v{ 42 };
16 output(v);
17
18 v.push_back(55);
19 v.push_back(90);
20 output(v);
21
22 for (auto i = 0; i < 8; ++i)
23 v.push_back(i);
24 output(v);
25
26 v.pop_back();
27 output(v);
28 }
task4.cpp
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <vector>
3 #include <array>
4 #include <string>
5 #include <algorithm>
6
7 using namespace std;
8
9 // 函数模板
10 // 通过索引方式输出对象值
11 template<typename T>
12 void output1(const T& obj) {
13 for (auto i = 0; i < obj.size(); ++i)
14 cout << obj.at(i) << ", ";
15 cout << "\b\b \n";
16 }
17
18 // 函数模板
19 // 通过迭代器方式输出对象值
20 template<typename T>
21 void output2(const T& obj) {
22 for (auto p = obj.cbegin(); p != obj.cend(); ++p)
23 cout << *p << ", ";
24 cout << "\b\b \n";
25 }
26
27 // 函数模板
28 // 通过auto for方式输出对象值
29 template<typename T>
30 void output3(const T& obj) {
31 for (auto& item : obj)
32 cout << item << ", ";
33 cout << "\b\b \n";
34 }
35
36 // 测试string类对象
37 void test1() {
38 string s1{ "cplus" };
39
40 output1(s1);
41
42 reverse(s1.begin(), s1.end()); // 对对象s1中的数据项进行翻转
43 output2(s1);
44
45 sort(s1.begin(), s1.end()); // 对对象s2中的数据项排序(默认升序)
46 output3(s1);
47 }
48
49 // 测试array<int>类对象
50 void test2() {
51 array<array<int, 4>, 3> x{ 1, 9, 8, 4, 2, 0, 2, 2, 2, 0, 4, 9 };
52
53 output1( x.at(0) );
54 output2( x.at(1) );
55 output3( x.at(2) );
56 }
57
58 // 测试vector<string>类对象
59 void test3() {
60 vector<string> v1{ "Sheldon","Leonard","Howard","Raj" };
61
62 v1.push_back("Penny");
63 v1.push_back("Amy");
64
65 output1(v1);
66
67 sort(v1.begin(), v1.end(), std::greater<string>()); // 对v1对象中的字符串按降序排序
68 output2(v1);
69
70 reverse(v1.begin(), v1.end()); // 对v1对象中的字符串翻转
71 output3(v1);
72 }
73
74 int main() {
75 cout << "test1: " << endl;
76 test1();
77
78 cout << "test2: " << endl;
79 test2();
80
81 cout << "test3: " << endl;
82 test3();
83 }
info.hpp
1 #pragma once
2
3 #include <iostream>
4 #include <string>
5 #include <iomanip>
6
7 using namespace std;
8
9 class info {
10 public:
11 info(string nickname0 = " ", string contact0 = " ", string city0 = " ", int n0 = 0);
12 ~info() = default;
13 void print() const;
14
15 private:
16 string nickname;
17 string contact;
18 string city;
19 int n;
20 };
21
22
23 // 函数定义
24 info::info(string nickname0, string contact0, string city0, int n0) :nickname{ nickname0 }, contact{ contact0 }, city{ city0 }, n{ n0 } {}
25
26 void info::print() const {
27 cout << setw(15) << "昵称："
28 << setw(15) << nickname << endl;
29 cout << setw(15) << "联系方式："
30 << setw(15) << contact << endl;
31 cout << setw(15) << "所在城市："
32 << setw(15) << city << endl;
33 cout << setw(15) << "预订人数："
34 << setw(15) << n << endl;
35 cout << endl;
36 }
task5.cpp
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <string>
3 #include <vector>
4 #include <iomanip>
5 #include "info.hpp"
6
7 using namespace std;
8
9 int main() {
10 const int capacity = 100;
11 vector<info> audience_info_list;
12
13 string name, con, city;
14 int reserve_n;
15
16 int reserved_n = 0, left_n = capacity;
17
18 cout << "录入信息：" << endl << endl;
19 cout << left << setw(15) << "昵称"
20 << setw(15) << "联系方式(邮箱/手机号)"
21 << setw(15) << "所在城市"
22 << setw(15) << "预定参加人数" << endl;
23
24 while (cin >> name) {
25 cin >> con >> city >> reserve_n;
26 reserved_n += reserve_n;
27 left_n -= reserve_n;
28 if (left_n < 0) {
29 char choice;
30 cout << endl;
31 cout << "对不起，只剩" << left_n + reserve_n << "个位置." << endl;
32 cout << "1.输入u，更新(update)预定信息" << endl;
33 cout << "2.输入q,退出预定" << endl;
34 cout << "你的选择：";
35 reserved_n -= reserve_n;
36 left_n += reserved_n;
37 cin >> choice;
38 if (choice == 'u')
39 continue;
40 if (choice == 'q')
41 break;
42 }
43 else {
44 info audience(name, con, city, reserve_n);
45 audience_info_list.push_back(audience);
46 }
47 }
48
49 cout << endl;
50 cout << "截至目前，一共有" << reserved_n << "位听众预定参加。";
51 cout << "预定听众信息如下：" << endl;
52
53 for (auto audience_info : audience_info_list) {
54 audience_info.print();
55 }
56 }
textcoder.hpp
1 #pragma once
2
3 #include <iostream>
4 #include <string>
5
6 using namespace std;
7
8 class TextCoder {
9 public:
10 TextCoder(string text0):text{text0} {}
11 string get_ciphertext();
12 string get_deciphertext();
13
14 private:
15 string text;
16 void encoder();
17 void decoder();
18 };
19
20
21 // 函数定义
22 void TextCoder::encoder() {
23 for (auto& ch : text) {
24 if ((ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'U') || (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'u'))
25 ch += 5;
26 else if ((ch >= 'V' && ch <= 'Z') || (ch >= 'v' && ch <= 'z'))
27 ch -= 21;
28 }
29 }
30
31 void TextCoder::decoder() {
32 for (auto& ch : text) {
33 if ((ch >= 'F' && ch <= 'Z') || (ch >= 'f' && ch <= 'z'))
34 ch -= 5;
35 else if ((ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'E') || (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'e'))
36 ch += 21;
37 }
38 }
39
40 string TextCoder::get_ciphertext() {
41 encoder();
42 return text;
43 }
44
45 string TextCoder::get_deciphertext() {
46 decoder();
47 return text;
48 }
task6.cpp
1 #include "textcoder.hpp"
2 #include <iostream>
3 #include <string>
4
5 void test() {
6 using namespace std;
7
8 string text, encoded_text, decoded_text;
9
10 cout << "输入英文文本：";
11 while (getline(cin, text)) {
12 encoded_text = TextCoder(text).get_ciphertext(); // 这里使用的是临时无名对象
13 cout << "加密后英文文本：" << encoded_text << endl;
14
15 decoded_text = TextCoder(encoded_text).get_deciphertext(); // 这里使用的是临时无名对象
16 cout << "解密后英文文本：" << decoded_text << endl;
17 cout << "\n输入英文文本：";
18 }
19 }
20
21 int main() {
22 test();
23 }
