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Vue从入门到实战Day12~14 - Vue3大事件管理系统

时间:2024-05-28 22:33:49浏览次数:28  
标签:vue const router value Vue Day12 Vue3 import ref

一、用到的知识

  • Vue3 compositionAPI
  • Pinia / Pinia持久化处理
  • Element Plus(表单校验,表格处理,组件封装)
  • pnpm 包管理升级
  • Eslint + prettier 更规范的配置
  • husky(Git hooks工具):代码提交之前,进行校验
  • 请求模块设计
  • VueRouter4 路由设计
  • AI 大模型开发一整个项目模块(掌握最新的开发方式)
  • ······

二、大事件项目介绍和创建

在线演示:https://fe-bigevent-web.itheima.net/login

接口文档:https://apifox.com/apidoc/shared-26c67aee-0233-4d23-aab7-08448fdf95ff/api-93850835

基地址:http://big-event-vue-api-t.itheima.net

三、pnpm包管理器 - 创建项目

优势:比同类工具快2倍左右、节省磁盘空间··· https://www.pnpm.cn/

安装方式:

npm install -g pnpm

创建项目:

pnpm create vue

常用命令:

npmyarnpnpm
npm installyarnpnpm install
npm install axiosyarn add axiospnpm add axios
npm install axios -Dyarn add axios -Dpnpm add axios -D
npm uninstall axiosyarn remove axiospnpm remove axios
npm run devyarn devpnpm dev

四、Eslint配置代码风格

配置文件:.eslintrc.cjs

1. prettier 风格配置 https://prettier.io

2. vue组件名称多单词组成(忽略index.vue)

3. props解构(关闭)

/* eslint-env node */
require('@rushstack/eslint-patch/modern-module-resolution')

module.exports = {
  root: true,
  'extends': [
    'plugin:vue/vue3-essential',
    'eslint:recommended',
    '@vue/eslint-config-prettier/skip-formatting'
  ],
  parserOptions: {
    ecmaVersion: 'latest'
  },
  rules: {
    // prettier专注于代码的美观度 (格式化工具)
    // 前置:
    // 1. 禁用格式化插件 prettier  format on save 关闭
    // 2. 安装Eslint插件, 并配置保存时自动修复
    'prettier/prettier': [
      'warn',
      {
        singleQuote: true, // 单引号
        semi: false, // 无分号
        printWidth: 80, // 每行宽度至多80字符
        trailingComma: 'none', // 不加对象|数组最后逗号
        endOfLine: 'auto' // 换行符号不限制(win mac 不一致)
      }
    ],
    // ESLint关注于规范, 如果不符合规范,报错
    'vue/multi-word-component-names': [
      'warn',
      {
        ignores: ['index'] // vue组件名称多单词组成(忽略index.vue)
      }
    ],
    'vue/no-setup-props-destructure': ['off'], // 关闭 props 解构的校验 (props解构丢失响应式)
    // 添加未定义变量错误提示,[email protected] 关闭,这里加上是为了支持下一个章节演示。
    'no-undef': 'error'
  }
}

前提条件:安装Eslint插件且配置保存修复,不要开启默认的自动保存格式化,把Prettier - Code formatter插件禁用。

settings.json

{
    "workbench.colorTheme": "Default Light+",
    "[html]": {
        "editor.defaultFormatter": "vscode.html-language-features"
    },
    "emmet.triggerExpansionOnTab": true,
    // "[vue]": {
    //    "editor.defaultFormatter": "Vue.volar"
    // },
    // 当保存的时候,eslint自动帮我们修复错误
    "editor.codeActionsOnSave": {
        "source.fixAll": "explicit"
    },
    // 保存代码,不自动格式化
    "editor.formatOnSave": false
}

五、配置代码检查工作流

1. 提交前做代码检查

1. 打开git bash终端,初始化git仓库,执行 git init 即可

2. 初始化husky工具配置,执行 pnpm dlx husky-init && pnpm install 即可

        https://typicode.github.io/husky/

3. 修改 .husky/pre-commit文件

#!/usr/bin/env sh
. "$(dirname -- "$0")/_/husky.sh"

pnpm lint

4. 提交测试

5. 问题:pnpm lint 是全量检查,耗时问题,历史问题

2. 暂存区eslint校验

1. 安装lint-staged包

pnpm i lint-staged -D

2. package.json配置lint-staged命令

{
    ······
    "prepare": "husky install",
    "lint-staged": "lint-staged"
  },
  ······
  "devDependencies": {
    ······
  },
  "lint-staged": {
    "*.{js,ts,vue}": [
      "eslint --fix"
    ]
  }
}

3. .husky/pre-commit文件修改

#!/usr/bin/env sh
. "$(dirname -- "$0")/_/husky.sh"

pnpm lint-staged

六、目录调整

默认生成的目录结构不满足我们的开发需求,所以这里需要做一些自定义改动。

主要是以下工作:

1. 删除一些初始化的默认文件

清空assets、components、store、views文件夹下的内容;

2. 修改剩余代码内容

①router/index.js

import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from 'vue-router'

const router = createRouter({
  history: createWebHistory(import.meta.env.BASE_URL),
  routes: []
})

export default router

②App.vue

<script setup></script>

<template>
  <div>我是App</div>
</template>

<style scoped></style>

③main.js

import { createApp } from 'vue'
import { createPinia } from 'pinia'

import App from './App.vue'
import router from './router'

const app = createApp(App)

app.use(createPinia())
app.use(router)

app.mount('#app')

3. 新增调整我们需要的目录结构

在src下新增utils和api文件夹。

4. 拷贝全局样式和图片,安装 sass预处理器 支持

pnpm add sass -D

5. 启动项目

pnpm dev

七、vue-router4路由代码解析

1. 路由初始化

1. 创建路由实例由 createRouter 实现

2. 路由模式

  • ①history模式使用createWebHistory()
  • ②hash模式使用createWebHashHistory()
  • ③参数是基础路径,默认/

Vite官网:环境变量和模式 | Vite 官方中文文档

八、引入Element Plus组件库

1. 按需引入Element Plus

1. 安装

pnpm add element-plus

2. 配置按需导入

官方文档:https://element-plus.org/zh-CN/guide/quickstart.html

①首先,安装unplugin-vue-components 和 unplugin-auto-import这两款插件

pnpm add -D unplugin-vue-components unplugin-auto-import

②修改配置文件:vite.config.js

import { fileURLToPath, URL } from 'node:url'

import { defineConfig } from 'vite'
import vue from '@vitejs/plugin-vue'

import AutoImport from 'unplugin-auto-import/vite'
import Components from 'unplugin-vue-components/vite'
import { ElementPlusResolver } from 'unplugin-vue-components/resolvers'

// https://vitejs.dev/config/
export default defineConfig({
  // base: '/jd',
  plugins: [
    vue(),
    AutoImport({
      resolvers: [ElementPlusResolver()]
    }),
    Components({
      resolvers: [ElementPlusResolver()]
    })
  ],
  resolve: {
    alias: {
      '@': fileURLToPath(new URL('./src', import.meta.url))
    }
  }
})

3. 直接使用组件(组件内自动按需导入)

components/TestDemo.vue

<template>
  <div>我是test测试的组件</div>
</template>

App.vue

<script setup>
// 在Vue3 CompositionAPI中
// 1. 获取路由对象router useRouter
//  const router = useRouter
// 2. 获取路由参数 route useRoute
//  const route = useRoute()
import { useRouter, useRoute } from 'vue-router'
const router = useRouter()
const route = useRoute()
const goList = () => {
  // this.$router.push('/list')  // this指向undefined
  console.log(router, route)
  router.push('/list')
}
</script>

<template>
  我是App
  <!-- 组件名要符合规范才可以自动按需导入 -->
  <test-demo></test-demo>
  <el-button @click="$router.push('/home')">跳首页</el-button>
  <el-button @click="goList">跳列表页</el-button>
  <el-button type="primary">Primary</el-button>
  <el-button type="success">Success</el-button>
</template>

<style scoped></style>

4. 彩蛋:默认components下的文件也会被自动注册

九、Pinia构建仓库和持久化

(1)持久化

①src/store/user.js

import { defineStore } from 'pinia'
import { ref } from 'vue'

// 用户模块 token setToken removeToken
export const useUserStore = defineStore('big-user', () => {
  const token = ref('')
  const setToken = (newToken) => {
    token.value = newToken
  }
  const removeToken = () => {
    token.value = ''
  }

  return {
    token,
    setToken,
    removeToken
  }
})

②App.vue

<script setup>
// 在Vue3 CompositionAPI中
// 1. 获取路由对象router useRouter
//  const router = useRouter
// 2. 获取路由参数 route useRoute
//  const route = useRoute()
import { useRouter, useRoute } from 'vue-router'
const router = useRouter()
const route = useRoute()
const goList = () => {
  // this.$router.push('/list')  // this指向undefined
  console.log(router, route)
  router.push('/list')
}

import { useUserStore } from './stores/user'
const userStore = useUserStore()
</script>

<template>
  <div>
    我是App
    <!-- 组件名要符合规范才可以自动按需导入 -->
    <test-demo></test-demo>
    <el-button @click="$router.push('/home')">跳首页</el-button>
    <el-button @click="goList">跳列表页</el-button>
    <el-button type="primary">Primary</el-button>
    <el-button type="success">Success</el-button>

    <p>{{ userStore.token }}</p>
    <el-button @click="userStore.setToken('Bearersidhfklamvj')">
      登录
    </el-button>
    <el-button @click="userStore.removeToken('')">退出</el-button>
  </div>
</template>

<style scoped></style>

③持久化

pnpm add pinia-plugin-persistedstate -D

④使用main.js

import { createApp } from 'vue'
import { createPinia } from 'pinia'
import persist from 'pinia-plugin-persistedstate'
import App from './App.vue'
import router from './router'
import '@/assets/main.scss'

const app = createApp(App)

app.use(router)
app.use(createPinia().use(persist))

app.mount('#app')

⑤在store/user.js中添加第三个参数persist

import { defineStore } from 'pinia'
import { ref } from 'vue'

// 用户模块 token setToken removeToken
export const useUserStore = defineStore(
  'big-user',
  () => {
    const token = ref('')
    const setToken = (newToken) => {
      token.value = newToken
    }
    const removeToken = () => {
      token.value = ''
    }

    return {
      token,
      setToken,
      removeToken
    }
  },
  {
    persist: true
  }
)

(2)Pinia仓库统一管理

目标:pinia独立维护,仓库统一导出

①src/stores/index.js

import { createPinia } from 'pinia'
import persist from 'pinia-plugin-persistedstate'

const pinia = createPinia()
pinia.use(persist)

export default pinia

// import { useUserStore } from './modules/user'
// import { useCounterStore } from './modules/counter'
// export { useUserStore, useCounterStore }

export * from './modules/user' // 接收user模块的所有按需导出
export * from './modules/counter'

②main.js

import { createApp } from 'vue'
import pinia from '@/stores/index'
import App from './App.vue'
import router from './router'
import '@/assets/main.scss'

const app = createApp(App)

app.use(router)
app.use(pinia)

app.mount('#app')

③App.vue

<script setup>
// 在Vue3 CompositionAPI中
// 1. 获取路由对象router useRouter
//  const router = useRouter
// 2. 获取路由参数 route useRoute
//  const route = useRoute()
import { useRouter, useRoute } from 'vue-router'
import { useUserStore, useCounterStore } from './stores'

const router = useRouter()
const route = useRoute()
const goList = () => {
  // this.$router.push('/list')  // this指向undefined
  console.log(router, route)
  router.push('/list')
}

const userStore = useUserStore()
const counterStore = useCounterStore()
</script>

<template>
  <div>
    我是App
    <!-- 组件名要符合规范才可以自动按需导入 -->
    <test-demo></test-demo>
    <el-button @click="$router.push('/home')">跳首页</el-button>
    <el-button @click="goList">跳列表页</el-button>
    <el-button type="primary">Primary</el-button>
    <el-button type="success">Success</el-button>

    <p>{{ userStore.token }}</p>
    <el-button @click="userStore.setToken('Bearersidhfklamvj')">
      登录
    </el-button>
    <el-button @click="userStore.removeToken('')">退出</el-button>

    <p>{{ counterStore.count }}</p>
    <el-button @click="counterStore.sub(1)">-</el-button>
    <el-button @click="counterStore.add(1)">+</el-button>
  </div>
</template>

<style scoped></style>

十、数据交互 - 请求工具设计

①安装axios

②请求配置

拦截器 | Axios中文文档 | Axios中文网

src/utils/request.js

import axios from 'axios'
import { useUserStore } from '@/stores'
import { ElMessage } from 'element-plus'
import router from '@/router'

const baseURL = 'http://big-event-vue-api-t.itheima.net'

const instance = axios.create({
  // TODO 1. 基础地址,超时时间
  baseURL,
  timeout: 10000
})

// 请求拦截器
instance.interceptors.request.use(
  (config) => {
    // TODO 2. 携带token
    const useStore = useUserStore()
    if (useStore.token) {
      config.headers.Authorization = useStore.token
    }
    return config
  },
  (err) => Promise.reject(err)
)

// 响应拦截器
instance.interceptors.response.use(
  (res) => {
    // TODO 4. 摘取核心响应数据
    if (res.data.code === 0) {
      return res
    }
    // TODO 3. 处理业务失败
    // 处理业务失败, 给错误提示,抛出错误
    ElMessage.error(res.data.message || '服务异常')
    return Promise.reject(res.data)
  },
  (err) => {
    // TODO 5. 处理401错误
    // 错误的特殊情况 => 401 权限不足 或 token 过期 => 拦截到登录
    if (err.response?.status === 401) {
      router.push('/login')
    }

    // 错误的默认情况 => 只要给提示
    ElMessage.error(err.response.data.message || '服务异常')
    return Promise.reject(err)
  }
)

// 默认导出
export default instance
// 按需导出
export { baseURL }

十一、整体路由设计

一级路由:登录、架子

二级路由:文章分类、文章管理、基本资料、更换头像、重置密码

router/index.js

import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from 'vue-router'

// createRouter 创建路由实例
// 1. createWebHistory 配置history模式 -> 地址栏不带#
// createWebHashHistory  配置hash模式 -> 地址栏带#

// import.meta.env.BASE_URL vite中的环境变量,就是vite.config.js中的base配置项
const router = createRouter({
  history: createWebHistory(import.meta.env.BASE_URL),
  routes: [
    { path: '/login', component: () => import('@/views/login/LoginPage.vue') }, // 登录页
    {
      path: '/',
      component: () => import('@/views/layout/LayoutContainer.vue'),
      redirect: '/article/manage',
      children: [
        {
          path: '/article/manage',
          component: () => import('@/views/article/ArticleManage.vue')
        },
        {
          path: '/article/channel',
          component: () => import('@/views/article/ArticleChannel.vue')
        },
        {
          path: '/user/profile',
          component: () => import('@/views/user/UserProfile.vue')
        },
        {
          path: '/user/avatar',
          component: () => import('@/views/user/UserAvatar.vue')
        },
        {
          path: '/user/password',
          component: () => import('@/views/user/UserPassword.vue')
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
})

export default router

App.vue

<script setup>
// 在Vue3 CompositionAPI中
// 1. 获取路由对象router useRouter
//  const router = useRouter
// 2. 获取路由参数 route useRoute
//  const route = useRoute()
import { useRouter, useRoute } from 'vue-router'
import { useUserStore, useCounterStore } from './stores'

const router = useRouter()
const route = useRoute()
const goList = () => {
  // this.$router.push('/list')  // this指向undefined
  console.log(router, route)
  router.push('/list')
}

const userStore = useUserStore()
const counterStore = useCounterStore()
</script>

<template>
  <div>
    <hr />
    <router-view></router-view>
    <hr />
    <hr />
    <hr />
    我是App
    <!-- 组件名要符合规范才可以自动按需导入 -->
    <test-demo></test-demo>
    <el-button @click="$router.push('/home')">跳首页</el-button>
    <el-button @click="goList">跳列表页</el-button>
    <el-button type="primary">Primary</el-button>
    <el-button type="success">Success</el-button>

    <p>{{ userStore.token }}</p>
    <el-button @click="userStore.setToken('Bearersidhfklamvj')">
      登录
    </el-button>
    <el-button @click="userStore.removeToken('')">退出</el-button>

    <p>{{ counterStore.count }}</p>
    <el-button @click="counterStore.sub(1)">-</el-button>
    <el-button @click="counterStore.add(1)">+</el-button>
  </div>
</template>

<style scoped></style>

在views下新建以下内容

十二、登录注册页面【Element-plus表单 & 表单校验】

功能需求说明:

1. 注册登录 静态结构 & 基本切换

2. 注册功能(校验 + 注册)

3. 登录功能(校验 + 登录 + 存token)

1. 注册登录 静态结构 & 基本切换

Typora破解中文版:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1F6bRpOLGoiBqnIlBIAdv2A

提取码:1234

①清空App.vue里的内容如下:

<script setup></script>

<template>
  <router-view></router-view>
</template>

<style scoped></style>

②安装element-plus图标库

pnpm i @element-plus/icons-vue

③views/login/LoginPage.vue

<script setup>
import { User, Lock } from '@element-plus/icons-vue'
import { ref } from 'vue'
const isRegister = ref(true)
</script>

<template>
  <el-row class="login-page">
    <el-col :span="12" class="bg"></el-col>
    <el-col :span="6" :offset="3" class="form">
      <el-form ref="form" size="large" autocomplete="off" v-if="isRegister">
        <el-form-item>
          <h1>注册</h1>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item>
          <el-input :prefix-icon="User" placeholder="请输入用户名"></el-input>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item>
          <el-input
            :prefix-icon="Lock"
            type="password"
            placeholder="请输入密码"
          ></el-input>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item>
          <el-input
            :prefix-icon="Lock"
            type="password"
            placeholder="请输入再次密码"
          ></el-input>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item>
          <el-button class="button" type="primary" auto-insert-space>
            注册
          </el-button>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item class="flex">
          <el-link type="info" :underline="false" @click="isRegister = false">
            ← 返回
          </el-link>
        </el-form-item>
      </el-form>
      <el-form ref="form" size="large" autocomplete="off" v-else>
        <el-form-item>
          <h1>登录</h1>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item>
          <el-input :prefix-icon="User" placeholder="请输入用户名"></el-input>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item>
          <el-input
            name="password"
            :prefix-icon="Lock"
            type="password"
            placeholder="请输入密码"
          ></el-input>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item class="flex">
          <div class="flex">
            <el-checkbox>记住我</el-checkbox>
            <el-link type="primary" :underline="false">忘记密码?</el-link>
          </div>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item>
          <el-button class="button" type="primary" auto-insert-space
            >登录</el-button
          >
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item class="flex">
          <el-link type="info" :underline="false" @click="isRegister = true">
            注册 →
          </el-link>
        </el-form-item>
      </el-form>
    </el-col>
  </el-row>
</template>

<style lang="scss" scoped>
.login-page {
  height: 100vh;
  background-color: #fff;
  .bg {
    background: url('@/assets/logo2.png') no-repeat 60% center / 240px auto,
      url('@/assets/login_bg.jpg') no-repeat center / cover;
    border-radius: 0 20px 20px 0;
  }
  .form {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    user-select: none;
    .title {
      margin: 0 auto;
    }
    .button {
      width: 100%;
    }
    .flex {
      width: 100%;
      display: flex;
      justify-content: space-between;
    }
  }
}
</style>

2. 注册功能(校验 + 注册)

①src/views/login/LoginPage.vue

<script setup>
import { userRegisterService } from '@/api/user.js'
import { User, Lock } from '@element-plus/icons-vue'
import { ref } from 'vue'
const isRegister = ref(true)
const form = ref()

// 整个的用于提交的form数据对象
const formModel = ref({
  username: '',
  password: '',
  repassword: ''
})

// 整个表单的校验规则
// 1. 非空校验 required: true   message消息提示,trigger触发校验的时机:blur change
// 2. 长度校验 min:xxx, max:xxx
// 3. 正则校验 pattern: 正则规则  \S:非空字符
// 4. 自定义校验 => 自己写逻辑校验(校验函数)
//    validator: (rule, value, callback)
//    (1)rule: 当前校验规则的相关信息
//    (2)value: 所校验的表单元素目前的表单值
//    (3)callback 无论成功还是失败,都需要callback回调
//        - callback()校验成功
//        - callback(new Error(错误信息))校验失败
const rules = {
  username: [
    { required: true, message: '请输入用户名', trigger: 'blur' },
    { min: 5, max: 10, message: '用户名必须是5-10位的字符', trigger: 'blur' }
  ],
  password: [
    { required: true, message: '请输入密码', trigger: 'blur' },
    {
      pattern: /^\S{6,15}$/,
      message: '密码必须是6-15位的非空字符',
      trigger: 'blur'
    }
  ],
  repassword: [
    { required: true, message: '请输入密码', trigger: 'blur' },
    {
      pattern: /^\S{6,15}$/,
      message: '密码必须是6-15位的非空字符',
      trigger: 'blur'
    },
    {
      validator: (rule, value, callback) => {
        // 判断value和当前form中收集的password是否一致
        if (value !== formModel.value.password) {
          callback(new Error('两次输入的密码不一致'))
        } else {
          callback() // 即使校验成功,也需要callback
        }
      },
      trigger: 'blur'
    }
  ]
}

const register = async () => {
  // 注册成功之前,先进行校验。校验成功,请求;校验失败,自动提示
  await form.value.validate()
  // console.log('开始注册请求')
  await userRegisterService(formModel.value)
  // alert('注册成功')
  ElMessage.success('注册成功')
  isRegister.value = false
}
</script>

<template>
  <!-- 
    1. 结构相关
      el-row表示一行,一行分成24份 
       el-col表示列  
       (1) :span="12"  代表在一行中,占12份 (50%)
       (2) :span="6"   表示在一行中,占6份  (25%)
       (3) :offset="3" 代表在一行中,左侧margin份数

       el-form 整个表单组件
       el-form-item 表单的一行 (一个表单域)
       el-input 表单元素(输入框)
    2. 校验相关
       (1) el-form => :model="ruleForm"      绑定的整个form的数据对象 { xxx, xxx, xxx }
       (2) el-form => :rules="rules"         绑定的整个rules规则对象  { xxx, xxx, xxx }
       (3) 表单元素 => v-model="ruleForm.xxx" 给表单元素,绑定form的子属性
       (4) el-form-item => prop配置生效的是哪个校验规则 (和rules中的字段要对应)
  -->
  <el-row class="login-page">
    <el-col :span="12" class="bg"></el-col>
    <el-col :span="6" :offset="3" class="form">
      <!-- 注册 -->
      <el-form
        :model="formModel"
        :rules="rules"
        ref="form"
        size="large"
        autocomplete="off"
        v-if="isRegister"
      >
        <el-form-item>
          <h1>注册</h1>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item prop="username">
          <el-input
            v-model="formModel.username"
            :prefix-icon="User"
            placeholder="请输入用户名"
          ></el-input>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item prop="password">
          <el-input
            v-model="formModel.password"
            :prefix-icon="Lock"
            type="password"
            placeholder="请输入密码"
          ></el-input>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item prop="repassword">
          <el-input
            v-model="formModel.repassword"
            :prefix-icon="Lock"
            type="password"
            placeholder="请输入再次密码"
          ></el-input>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item>
          <el-button
            @click="register"
            class="button"
            type="primary"
            auto-insert-space
          >
            注册
          </el-button>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item class="flex">
          <el-link type="info" :underline="false" @click="isRegister = false">
            ← 返回
          </el-link>
        </el-form-item>
      </el-form>
      <!-- 登录 -->
    
    </el-col>
  </el-row>
</template>


②src/api/user.js

import request from '@/utils/request'

// 注册接口
export const userRegisterService = ({ username, password, repassword }) =>
  request.post('/api/reg', { username, password, repassword })

③ .eslintrc.cjs

  globals: {
    ElMessage: 'readonly',
    ElMessageBox: 'readonly',
    ElLoading: 'readonly'
  }

3. 登录功能(校验 + 登录 + 存token)

①src/views/login/LoginPage.vue

<script setup>
import { userRegisterService, userLoginService } from '@/api/user.js'
import { useUserStore } from '@/stores'
import { User, Lock } from '@element-plus/icons-vue'
import { ref, watch } from 'vue'
import { useRouter } from 'vue-router'
const isRegister = ref(false)
const form = ref()

// 整个的用于提交的form数据对象
const formModel = ref({
  username: '',
  password: '',
  repassword: ''
})

······

const userStore = useUserStore()
const router = useRouter()

// 登录
const login = async () => {
  await form.value.validate()
  // console.log('开始登录')
  const res = await userLoginService(formModel.value)
  // console.log(res)
  userStore.setToken(res.data.token)
  ElMessage.success('登录成功')
  router.push('/')
}

// 切换时进行重置表单内容
watch(isRegister, () => {
  formModel.value = {
    username: '',
    password: '',
    repassword: ''
  }
})
</script>

<template>
  <el-row class="login-page">
    <el-col :span="12" class="bg"></el-col>
    <el-col :span="6" :offset="3" class="form">
      <!-- 注册 -->
         ······
      <!-- 登录 -->
      <el-form
        :model="formModel"
        :rules="rules"
        ref="form"
        size="large"
        autocomplete="off"
        v-else
      >
        <el-form-item>
          <h1>登录</h1>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item prop="username">
          <el-input
            v-model="formModel.username"
            :prefix-icon="User"
            placeholder="请输入用户名"
          ></el-input>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item prop="password">
          <el-input
            v-model="formModel.password"
            name="password"
            :prefix-icon="Lock"
            type="password"
            placeholder="请输入密码"
          ></el-input>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item class="flex">
          <div class="flex">
            <el-checkbox>记住我</el-checkbox>
            <el-link type="primary" :underline="false">忘记密码?</el-link>
          </div>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item>
          <el-button
            @click="login"
            class="button"
            type="primary"
            auto-insert-space
            >登录</el-button
          >
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item class="flex">
          <el-link type="info" :underline="false" @click="isRegister = true">
            注册 →
          </el-link>
        </el-form-item>
      </el-form>
    </el-col>
  </el-row>
</template>

②src/api/user.js

import request from '@/utils/request'

// 注册接口
export const userRegisterService = ({ username, password, repassword }) =>
  request.post('/api/reg', { username, password, repassword })

// 登录接口
export const userLoginService = ({ username, password }) =>
  request.post('/api/login', { username, password })

十三、首页layout架子【element-plus菜单组件】

功能需求说明:

1. 基本架子拆解(菜单组件的使用)

2. 登录访问拦截

3. 用户基本信息获取&渲染

4. 退出功能【element-plus确认框】

1. 基本架子拆解(菜单组件的使用)

Container 布局容器 | Element Plus

Menu 菜单 | Element Plus

①src/views/layout/LayoutContainer.vue

<script setup>
import {
  Management,
  Promotion,
  UserFilled,
  User,
  Crop,
  EditPen,
  SwitchButton,
  CaretBottom
} from '@element-plus/icons-vue'
import avatar from '@/assets/default.png'
</script>

<template>
  <!--
    el-menu 整个菜单组件
    :default-active="$route.path" 配置默认高亮的菜单项
    router                        router选项开启,el-menu-item的index就是点击跳转的路径
    el-menu-item index="/article/channel" 配置的是访问的跳转路径,配合default-active的值实现高亮
  -->
  <el-container class="layout-container">
    <el-aside width="200px">
      <div class="el-aside__logo"></div>
      <el-menu
        active-text-color="#ffd04b"
        background-color="#232323"
        :default-active="$route.path"
        text-color="#fff"
        router
      >
        <el-menu-item index="/article/channel">
          <el-icon><Management /></el-icon>
          <span>文章分类</span>
        </el-menu-item>
        <el-menu-item index="/article/manage">
          <el-icon><Promotion /></el-icon>
          <span>文章管理</span>
        </el-menu-item>

        <el-sub-menu index="/user">
          <!-- 多级菜单的标题 具名插槽title -->
          <template #title>
            <el-icon><UserFilled /></el-icon>
            <span>个人中心</span>
          </template>
          <!-- 展开的内容 默认插槽 -->
          <el-menu-item index="/user/profile">
            <el-icon><User /></el-icon>
            <span>基本资料</span>
          </el-menu-item>
          <el-menu-item index="/user/avatar">
            <el-icon><Crop /></el-icon>
            <span>更换头像</span>
          </el-menu-item>
          <el-menu-item index="/user/password">
            <el-icon><EditPen /></el-icon>
            <span>重置密码</span>
          </el-menu-item>
        </el-sub-menu>
      </el-menu>
    </el-aside>
    <el-container>
      <el-header>
        <div>黑马程序员:<strong>小帅鹏</strong></div>
        <el-dropdown placement="bottom-end">
          <span class="el-dropdown__box">
            <el-avatar :src="avatar" />
            <el-icon><CaretBottom /></el-icon>
          </span>
          <template #dropdown>
            <el-dropdown-menu>
              <el-dropdown-item command="profile" :icon="User"
                >基本资料</el-dropdown-item
              >
              <el-dropdown-item command="avatar" :icon="Crop"
                >更换头像</el-dropdown-item
              >
              <el-dropdown-item command="password" :icon="EditPen"
                >重置密码</el-dropdown-item
              >
              <el-dropdown-item command="logout" :icon="SwitchButton"
                >退出登录</el-dropdown-item
              >
            </el-dropdown-menu>
          </template>
        </el-dropdown>
      </el-header>
      <el-main>
        <router-view></router-view>
      </el-main>
      <el-footer>大事件 ©2023 Created by 黑马程序员</el-footer>
    </el-container>
  </el-container>
</template>

<style lang="scss" scoped>
.layout-container {
  height: 100vh;
  .el-aside {
    background-color: #232323;
    &__logo {
      height: 120px;
      background: url('@/assets/logo.png') no-repeat center / 120px auto;
    }
    .el-menu {
      border-right: none;
    }
  }
  .el-header {
    background-color: #fff;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    .el-dropdown__box {
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      .el-icon {
        color: #999;
        margin-left: 10px;
      }

      &:active,
      &:focus {
        outline: none;
      }
    }
  }
  .el-footer {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 14px;
    color: #666;
  }
}
</style>

2. 登录访问拦截

导航守卫 | Vue Router

src/router/index.js

import { useUserStore } from '@/stores'

// 添加登录访问拦截 => 默认是直接放行的
// 根据返回值决定,是放行还是拦截
// 返回值:
// 1. undefined / true 直接放行
// 2. false 拦截回from的地址页面
// 3. 具体路径或路径对象 拦截到对应的地址
//    '/login' { name: 'login' }
router.beforeEach(async (to) => {
  // 如果没有token,且访问的是非登录页,拦截到登录,其他情况正常放行
  const userStore = useUserStore()
  if (!userStore.token && to.path !== '/login') return '/login'

  // return true
})

3. 用户基本信息获取&渲染

①src/api/user.js

// 获取用户基本信息
export const userGetInfoService = () => request.get('/my/userinfo')

②src/stores/modules/user.js

import { defineStore } from 'pinia'
import { ref } from 'vue'
import { userGetInfoService } from '@/api/user'

// 用户模块 token setToken removeToken
export const useUserStore = defineStore(
  'big-user',
  () => {
    const token = ref('')
    const setToken = (newToken) => {
      token.value = newToken
    }
    const removeToken = () => {
      token.value = ''
    }

    const user = ref({})
    const getUser = async () => {
      const res = await userGetInfoService()
      user.value = res.data.data
    }

    return {
      token,
      setToken,
      removeToken,
      user,
      getUser
    }
  },
  {
    persist: true
  }
)

<script setup>
······
import { useUserStore } from '@/stores'
import { onMounted } from 'vue'

const userStore = useUserStore()

onMounted(() => {
  userStore.getUser()
})
</script>

<template>
  <el-container class="layout-container">
    <el-aside width="200px">
      // ······
    </el-aside>
    <el-container>
      <el-header>
        <div>
          黑马程序员:<strong>{{
            userStore.user.nickname || userStore.user.username
          }}</strong>
        </div>
        <el-dropdown placement="bottom-end">
          <span class="el-dropdown__box">
            <el-avatar :src="userStore.user.user_pic || avatar" />
            <el-icon><CaretBottom /></el-icon>
          </span>
         // ······
      </el-header>
     // ······
  </el-container>
</template>

<style lang="scss" scoped>
// ······
</style>

4. 退出功能【element-plus确认框】

①src/stores/modules/user.js

import { defineStore } from 'pinia'
import { ref } from 'vue'
import { userGetInfoService } from '@/api/user'

// 用户模块 token setToken removeToken
export const useUserStore = defineStore(
  'big-user',
  () => {
    // ······
    const user = ref({})
    const getUser = async () => {
      const res = await userGetInfoService()
      user.value = res.data.data
    }
    const setUser = (obj) => {
      user.value = obj
    }

    return {
      // ······
      user,
      getUser,
      setUser
    }
  },
  {
    persist: true
  }
)

②src/views/layout/LayoutContainer.vue

<script setup>
// ······
import { useRouter } from 'vue-router'

const userStore = useUserStore()
const router = useRouter()

// ······

const handleCommand = async (key) => {
  if (key === 'logout') {
    // 退出操作
    await ElMessageBox.confirm('确认要进行退出吗?', '温馨提示', {
      confirmButtonText: '确认',
      cancelButtonText: '取消',
      type: 'warning'
    })

    // 清除本地的数据(token + user信息)
    userStore.removeToken()
    userStore.setUser({})
    router.push('/login')
  } else {
    // 跳转操作
    router.push(`/user/${key}`)
  }
}
</script>

<template>
  
  <el-container class="layout-container">
    // ······
    <el-container>
      <el-header>
        <div>
          黑马程序员:<strong>{{
            userStore.user.nickname || userStore.user.username
          }}</strong>
        </div>
        <el-dropdown placement="bottom-end" @command="handleCommand">
          <!-- 展示给用户默认看到的 -->
          <span class="el-dropdown__box">
            <el-avatar :src="userStore.user.user_pic || avatar" />
            <el-icon><CaretBottom /></el-icon>
          </span>

          <!-- 折叠的下拉部分 -->
          <template #dropdown>
            <el-dropdown-menu>
              <el-dropdown-item command="profile" :icon="User"
                >基本资料</el-dropdown-item
              >
              <el-dropdown-item command="avatar" :icon="Crop"
                >更换头像</el-dropdown-item
              >
              <el-dropdown-item command="password" :icon="EditPen"
                >重置密码</el-dropdown-item
              >
              <el-dropdown-item command="logout" :icon="SwitchButton"
                >退出登录</el-dropdown-item
              >
            </el-dropdown-menu>
          </template>
        </el-dropdown>
      </el-header>
      // ······
    </el-container>
  </el-container>
</template>

<style lang="scss" scoped>
// ······
}
</style>

十四、文章分类页面 - 【element-plus表格】

功能需求说明:

1. 基本架子 - PageContainer封装

2. 文章分类渲染 & loading处理

3. 文章分类添加编辑【element-plus弹层】

4. 文章分类删除

1. 基本架子 - PageContainer封装

①src/components/PageContainer.vue

<script setup>
defineProps({
  title: {
    required: true,
    type: String
  }
})
</script>

<template>
  <el-card class="page-container">
    <template #header>
      <div class="header">
        <span>{{ title }}</span>
        <div class="extra">
          <!-- 具名插槽,定制额外的按钮 -->
          <slot name="extra"></slot>
        </div>
      </div>
    </template>
    <!-- 默认插槽,定制内容 -->
    <slot></slot>
  </el-card>
</template>

<style lang="scss" scoped>
.page-container {
  min-height: 100%;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  .header {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
  }
}
</style>

②src/views/article/ArticleChannel.vue

<template>
  <page-container title="文章分类">
    <template #extra>
      <el-button type="primary">添加分类</el-button>
    </template>
    主体部分,是表格
  </page-container>
</template>

<style lang="scss" scoped></style>

③src/views/article/ArticleManage.vue

<template>
  <page-container title="文章管理">
    <template #extra>
      <el-button type="primary">添加文章</el-button>
    </template>
    主体部分,是表格 + 分页
  </page-container>
</template>

<style lang="scss" scoped></style>

2. 文章分类渲染 & loading处理

(1)封装API - 请求获取表格数据

①新建src/api/article.js,封装接口获取频道列表的接口

import request from '@/utils/request'
// 获取文章分类
export const artGetChannelsService = () => request.get('/my/cate/list')

②页面中调用接口,获取数据存储 -> src/views/article/ArticleChannel.vue

这里默认应该是没有数据的,可以在在线演示系统,登录自己的账号添加数据:黑马程序员-大事件

<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue'
import { artGetChannelsService } from '../../api/article'

const channelList = ref([])

const getChannelList = async () => {
  const res = await artGetChannelsService()
  channelList.value = res.data.data
  // console.log(channelList.value)
}

// 一进页面,直接调用
getChannelList()
</script>

(2)el-table表格动态渲染

src/views/article/ArticleChannel.vue

<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue'
import { artGetChannelsService } from '../../api/article'
import { Edit, Delete } from '@element-plus/icons-vue'

const channelList = ref([])
const loading = ref(false)

const getChannelList = async () => {
  // 发请求前开启loading效果
  loading.value = true
  const res = await artGetChannelsService()
  channelList.value = res.data.data
  // console.log(channelList.value)
  // 请求结束后关闭loading效果
  loading.value = false
}

// 一进页面,直接调用
getChannelList()

const onEditChannel = (row, $index) => {
  console.log(row, $index)
}
const onDelChannel = (row, $index) => {
  console.log(row, $index)
}
</script>

<template>
  <page-container title="文章分类">
    <template #extra>
      <el-button type="primary">添加分类</el-button>
    </template>
    <!-- v-loading绑定loading变量 -->
    <el-table v-loading="loading" :data="channelList" style="width: 100%">
      <el-table-column type="index" label="序号" width="100"></el-table-column>
      <el-table-column prop="cate_name" label="分类名称"></el-table-column>
      <el-table-column prop="cate_alias" label="分类别名"></el-table-column>
      <el-table-column prop="" label="操作" width="150">
        <!-- row 就是channelList的一项,$index是下标 -->
        <template #default="{ row, $index }">
          <el-button
            :icon="Edit"
            circle
            plain
            type="primary"
            @click="onEditChannel(row, $index)"
          ></el-button>
          <el-button
            :icon="Delete"
            circle
            plain
            type="danger"
            @click="onDelChannel(row, $index)"
          ></el-button>
        </template>
      </el-table-column>

      <!-- 插槽 -->
      <template #empty>
        <el-empty description="没有数据" />
      </template>
    </el-table>
  </page-container>
</template>

<style lang="scss" scoped></style>

3. 文章分类添加编辑【element-plus弹层】

①封装组件 src/views/article/components/ChannelEdit.vue

<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue'
const dialogVisible = ref(false)

// 组件对外暴露一个方法open,基于open传来的参数,区分添加还是编辑
// open({}) => 表单无需渲染,说明是添加
// open({id, cate_name, ...}) => 表单需要渲染(数据回显),说明是编辑
// open调用后,可以打开弹窗

const open = (row) => {
  console.log(row)
  dialogVisible.value = true
}

// 向外暴露方法
defineExpose({
  open
})
</script>
<template>
  <el-dialog v-model="dialogVisible" title="添加弹层" width="30%">
    <span>我是内容部分</span>
    <template #footer>
      <div class="dialog-footer">
        <el-button @click="dialogVisible = false">取消</el-button>
        <el-button type="primary" @click="dialogVisible = false">
          确认
        </el-button>
      </div>
    </template>
  </el-dialog>
</template>

②通过ref绑定,点击调用方法显示弹窗

src/views/article/ArticleChannel.vue

<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue'
import { artGetChannelsService } from '../../api/article'
import { Edit, Delete } from '@element-plus/icons-vue'
import ChannelEdit from './components/ChannelEdit.vue'

const channelList = ref([])
const loading = ref(false)
const dialog = ref()

const getChannelList = async () => {
  // 发请求前开启loading效果
  loading.value = true
  const res = await artGetChannelsService()
  channelList.value = res.data.data
  // console.log(channelList.value)
  // 请求结束后关闭loading效果
  loading.value = false
}

// 一进页面,直接调用
getChannelList()

// 编辑
const onEditChannel = (row) => {
  dialog.value.open(row)
}
const onDelChannel = (row, $index) => {
  console.log(row, $index)
}

// 添加
const onAddChannel = () => {
  // 显示弹层
  dialog.value.open({})
}
</script>

<template>
  <page-container title="文章分类">
    <template #extra>
      <el-button type="primary" @click="onAddChannel">添加分类</el-button>
    </template>
    <el-table v-loading="loading" :data="channelList" style="width: 100%">
      <el-table-column type="index" label="序号" width="100"></el-table-column>
      <el-table-column prop="cate_name" label="分类名称"></el-table-column>
      <el-table-column prop="cate_alias" label="分类别名"></el-table-column>
      <el-table-column prop="" label="操作" width="150">
        <!-- row 就是channelList的一项,$index是下标 -->
        <template #default="{ row, $index }">
          <el-button
            :icon="Edit"
            circle
            plain
            type="primary"
            @click="onEditChannel(row, $index)"
          ></el-button>
          <el-button
            :icon="Delete"
            circle
            plain
            type="danger"
            @click="onDelChannel(row, $index)"
          ></el-button>
        </template>
      </el-table-column>

      <!-- 插槽 -->
      <template #empty>
        <el-empty description="没有数据" />
      </template>
    </el-table>

    <ChannelEdit ref="dialog"></ChannelEdit>
  </page-container>
</template>

<style lang="scss" scoped></style>

③准备弹层表单

准备表单和校验规则,编辑时回显

src/views/article/components/ChannelEdit.vue

<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue'

const dialogVisible = ref(false)
const formModel = ref({
  cate_name: '',
  cate_alias: ''
})
const rules = {
  cate_name: [
    { required: true, message: '请输入分类名称', trigger: 'blur' },
    {
      pattern: /^\S{1,10}$/,
      message: '分类名必须是1-10位的非空字符',
      trigger: 'blur'
    }
  ],
  cate_alias: [
    { required: true, message: '请输入分类别名', trigger: 'blur' },
    {
      pattern: /^[a-zA-Z0-9]{1,15}$/,
      message: '分类别名必须是1-15位的字母或数字',
      trigger: 'blur'
    }
  ]
}

// 组件对外暴露一个方法open,基于open传来的参数,区分添加还是编辑
// open({}) => 表单无需渲染,说明是添加
// open({id, cate_name, ...}) => 表单需要渲染(数据回显),说明是编辑
// open调用后,可以打开弹窗

const open = (row) => {
  //   console.log(row)
  dialogVisible.value = true
  formModel.value = { ...row } // 添加-> 重置表单内容,编辑 -> 存储了需要回显的数据
}

// 向外暴露方法
defineExpose({
  open
})
</script>
<template>
  <el-dialog
    v-model="dialogVisible"
    :title="formModel.id ? '编辑分类' : '添加分类'"
    width="30%"
  >
    <el-form
      :model="formModel"
      :rules="rules"
      label-width="100px"
      style="padding-right: 30px"
    >
      <el-form-item prop="cate_name" label="分类名称">
        <el-input
          v-model="formModel.cate_name"
          placeholder="请输入分类名称"
        ></el-input>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item prop="cate_alias" label="分类别名">
        <el-input
          v-model="formModel.cate_alias"
          placeholder="请输入分类别名"
        ></el-input>
      </el-form-item>
    </el-form>
    <template #footer>
      <div class="dialog-footer">
        <el-button @click="dialogVisible = false">取消</el-button>
        <el-button type="primary" @click="dialogVisible = false">
          确认
        </el-button>
      </div>
    </template>
  </el-dialog>
</template>

④确认提交 -> src/api/article.js,封装请求API

// 添加文章分类
export const artAddChannelsService = (data) =>
  request.post('/my/cate/add', data)
// 编辑文章分类
export const artEditChannelsService = (data) =>
  request.put('/my/cate/info', data)

⑤页面中校验,判断,提交请求

ChannelEdit.vue

import { artEditChannelsService, artAddChannelsService } from '@/api/article.js'

const formRef = ref()
const emit = defineEmits(['success'])
const onSubmit = async () => {
  // 表单校验
  await formRef.value.validate()
  const isEdit = formModel.value.id
  if (isEdit) {
    // 编辑操作
    await artEditChannelsService(formModel.value)
    ElMessage.success('修改成功')
  } else {
    // 添加操作
    await artAddChannelsService(formModel.value)
    ElMessage.success('添加成功')
  }
  // 关闭弹层
  dialogVisible.value = false
  // 子传父
  emit('success')
}

⑥父组件监听success事件

<channel-edit ref="dialog" @success="onSuccess"></channel-edit>

const onSuccess = () => {
  getChannelList()
}

4. 文章分类删除

①src/api/article.js

// 删除文章分类
export const artDelChannelsService = (id) =>
  request.delete('/my/cate/del', {
    params: { id }
  })

②ArticleChannel.vue

// 删除
const onDelChannel = async (row) => {
  await ElMessageBox.confirm('你确认要删除该分类么', '温馨提示', {
    type: 'warning',
    confirmButtonText: '确认',
    cancelButtonText: '取消'
  })
  await artDelChannelsService(row.id)
  ElMessage.success('删除成功')
  getChannelList()
}

十五、文章管理页面 - [element-plus进阶]

功能需求说明:

1. 文章列表渲染(带搜索 & 带分页)

2. 添加文章(抽屉 & 文件上传 & 富文本)

3. 编辑文章(共用抽屉)

4. 删除文章

1. 文章列表渲染(带搜索 & 带分页)

(1)文章列表渲染及基本架子搭建

①搜索表单

src/views/article/ArticleManage.vue

<template>
  <page-container title="文章管理">
    <template #extra>
      <el-button type="primary">添加文章</el-button>
    </template>

    <!-- 表单区域 -->
    <el-form inline>
      <el-form-item label="文章分类:">
        <el-select>
          <!-- label是展示给用户看的,value是收集起来提交给后台的 -->
          <el-option label="新闻" value="110"></el-option>
          <el-option label="体育" value="137"></el-option>
        </el-select>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item label="发布状态:">
        <!-- 这里后台标记发布状态,就是通过中文标记的 -->
        <el-select>
          <el-option label="已发布" value="已发布"></el-option>
          <el-option label="草稿" value="草稿"></el-option>
        </el-select>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item>
        <el-button type="primary">搜索</el-button>
        <el-button>重置</el-button>
      </el-form-item>
    </el-form>

    <!-- 表格区域 -->
  </page-container>
</template>

<style lang="scss" scoped></style>

②表格准备,模拟假数据渲染

<script setup>
import { Delete, Edit } from '@element-plus/icons-vue'
import { ref } from 'vue'
// 假数据
const articleList = ref([
  {
    id: 5961,
    title: '新的文章啊',
    pub_date: '2022-07-10 14:53:52.604',
    state: '已发布',
    cate_name: '体育'
  },
  {
    id: 5962,
    title: '新的文章啊',
    pub_date: '2022-07-10 14:54:30.904',
    state: '草稿',
    cate_name: '体育'
  }
])

// 编辑
const onEditArticle = (row) => {
  console.log(row)
}

// 删除
const onDeleteArticle = (row) => {
  console.log(row)
}
</script>

<template>
  <page-container title="文章管理">
    <template #extra>
      <el-button type="primary">添加文章</el-button>
    </template>

    <!-- 表单区域 -->
    <el-form inline>
      // ······
    </el-form>

    <!-- 表格区域 -->
    <el-table :data="articleList" style="width: 100%">
      <el-table-column label="文章标题" width="400">
        <!-- 作用域插槽 -->
        <template #default="{ row }">
          <el-link type="primary" :underline="false">{{ row.title }}</el-link>
        </template>
      </el-table-column>
      <el-table-column label="分类" prop="cate_name"></el-table-column>
      <el-table-column label="发表时间" prop="pub_date"> </el-table-column>
      <el-table-column label="状态" prop="state"></el-table-column>
      <!-- 利用作用域插槽,可用获取当前行的数据 -->
      <el-table-column label="操作" width="100">
        <template #default="{ row }">
          <el-button
            :icon="Edit"
            circle
            plain
            type="primary"
            @click="onEditArticle(row)"
          ></el-button>
          <el-button
            :icon="Delete"
            circle
            plain
            type="danger"
            @click="onDeleteArticle(row)"
          ></el-button>
        </template>
      </el-table-column>
      <template #empty>
        <el-empty description="没有数据" />
      </template>
    </el-table>
  </page-container>
</template>

<style lang="scss" scoped></style>

(2)中英国际化处理

全局配置 | Element Plus

默认是英文的,由于这里不涉及切换,所以在App.vue中直接导入设置成中文集合

App.vue

<script setup>
import zhCn from 'element-plus/es/locale/lang/zh-cn.mjs'
</script>

<template>
  <!-- 路由出口 -->
  <el-config-provider :locale="zhCn">
    <router-view></router-view>
  </el-config-provider>
</template>

<style scoped></style>

(3)文章分类选择

①新建src/views/article/components/ChannelSelect.vue

<script setup>
import { artGetChannelsService } from '@/api/article.js'
import { ref } from 'vue'

defineProps({
  modelValue: {
    type: [Number, String]
  }
})

const emit = defineEmits(['update:modelValue'])
const channelList = ref([])
const getChannelList = async () => {
  const res = await artGetChannelsService()
  channelList.value = res.data.data
  console.log(channelList.value)
}

// 一进页面就调用
getChannelList()
</script>

<template>
  <el-select
    :modelValue="modelValue"
    @update:modelValue="emit('update:modelValue', $event)"
    placeholder="请选择"
    size="large"
    style="width: 240px"
  >
    <!-- label是展示给用户看的,value是收集起来提交给后台的 -->
    <el-option
      v-for="channel in channelList"
      :key="channel.id"
      :label="channel.cate_name"
      :value="channel.id"
    ></el-option>
  </el-select>
</template>

②页面中导入渲染 - src/views/article/ArticleManage.vue

<script setup>
import { Delete, Edit } from '@element-plus/icons-vue'
import { ref } from 'vue'
import ChannelSelect from './components/ChannelSelect.vue'

// 假数据
const articleList = ref([
  {
    id: 5961,
    title: '新的文章啊',
    pub_date: '2022-07-10 14:53:52.604',
    state: '已发布',
    cate_name: '体育'
  },
  {
    id: 5962,
    title: '新的文章啊',
    pub_date: '2022-07-10 14:54:30.904',
    state: '草稿',
    cate_name: '体育'
  }
])

// 定义请求参数对象
const params = ref({
  pagenum: 1,
  pagesize: 5,
  cate_id: '',
  state: ''
})

// 编辑
const onEditArticle = (row) => {
  console.log(row)
}

// 删除
const onDeleteArticle = (row) => {
  console.log(row)
}
</script>

<template>
  <page-container title="文章管理">
    <template #extra>
      <el-button type="primary">添加文章</el-button>
    </template>

    <!-- 表单区域 -->
    <el-form inline>
      <el-form-item label="文章分类:">
        <!-- Vue2 => v-model :value和@input的简写 -->
        <!-- Vue3 => v-model :modelValue 和 @update:modelValue的简写 -->
        <channel-select v-model="params.cate_id"></channel-select>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item label="发布状态:">
        <!-- 这里后台标记发布状态,就是通过中文标记的 -->
        <el-select
          v-model="params.state"
          placeholder="请选择"
          size="large"
          style="width: 240px"
        >
          <el-option label="已发布" value="已发布"></el-option>
          <el-option label="草稿" value="草稿"></el-option>
        </el-select>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item>
        <el-button type="primary">搜索</el-button>
        <el-button>重置</el-button>
      </el-form-item>
    </el-form>

    <!-- 表格区域 -->
    <el-table :data="articleList" style="width: 100%">
      <el-table-column label="文章标题" width="400">
        <!-- 作用域插槽 -->
        <template #default="{ row }">
          <el-link type="primary" :underline="false">{{ row.title }}</el-link>
        </template>
      </el-table-column>
      <el-table-column label="分类" prop="cate_name"></el-table-column>
      <el-table-column label="发表时间" prop="pub_date"> </el-table-column>
      <el-table-column label="状态" prop="state"></el-table-column>
      <!-- 利用作用域插槽,可用获取当前行的数据 -->
      <el-table-column label="操作" width="100">
        <template #default="{ row }">
          <el-button
            :icon="Edit"
            circle
            plain
            type="primary"
            @click="onEditArticle(row)"
          ></el-button>
          <el-button
            :icon="Delete"
            circle
            plain
            type="danger"
            @click="onDeleteArticle(row)"
          ></el-button>
        </template>
      </el-table-column>
      <template #empty>
        <el-empty description="没有数据" />
      </template>
    </el-table>
  </page-container>
</template>

<style lang="scss" scoped></style>

(4)封装API接口,请求渲染

①src/api/article.js封装接口

// 文章:
// 获取文章列表
export const artGetListService = (params) =>
  request.get('/my/article/list', {
    params
  })

②ArticleMange.vue页面中调用保存数据

import { artGetListService } from '@/api/article.js'

// 文章列表
const articleList = ref([])
// 总条数
const total = ref(0)

// 基于params参数,获取文章列表
const getArticleList = async () => {
  const res = await artGetListService(params.value)
  articleList.value = res.data.data
  total.value = res.data.total
}
// 一进页面就调用
getArticleList()

③新建src/utils/format.js封装格式化日期函数

import { dayjs } from 'element-plus'

export const formatTime = (time) => dayjs(time).format('YYYY年MM月DD日')

④ArticleMange.vue中调用

import { formatTime } from '@/utils/format.js'

<el-table-column label="发表时间" prop="pub_date">
   <template #default="{ row }">
     <!-- 格式化时间 -->
     {{ formatTime(row.pub_date) }}
   </template>
</el-table-column>

(5)分页渲染[element-plus分页]

Pagination 分页 | Element Plus

①ArticleManage.vue

<script setup>
import { Delete, Edit } from '@element-plus/icons-vue'
import { ref } from 'vue'
import ChannelSelect from './components/ChannelSelect.vue'
import { artGetListService } from '@/api/article.js'
import { formatTime } from '@/utils/format.js'

// ······

// 处理分页
const onSizeChange = (size) => {
  // console.log('当前每页条数', size)
  // 只要是每页页数变化了,那么原本正在访问的当前页意义不大了,数据大概率已经不在原来那一页了
  // 重新从第一页开始渲染
  params.value.pagenum = 1
  params.value.pagesize = size
  // 基于最新的当前页和每页条数,渲染数据
  getArticleList()
}

const onCurrentChange = (page) => {
  // console.log('当前每页条数', page)
  params.value.pagenum = page
  // 基于最新的当前页,渲染数据
  getArticleList()
}
</script>

<template>
  <page-container title="文章管理">
    <template #extra>
      <el-button type="primary">添加文章</el-button>
    </template>

    <!-- 表单区域 -->
    <el-form inline>
      // ······
    </el-form>

    <!-- 表格区域 -->
    <el-table :data="articleList" style="width: 100%">
      // ······
    </el-table>

    <!-- 分页区 -->
    <el-pagination
      v-model:current-page="params.pagenum"
      v-model:page-size="params.pagesize"
      :page-sizes="[2, 3, 5, 10]"
      :background="true"
      layout="jumper, total, sizes, prev, pager, next"
      :total="total"
      @size-change="onSizeChange"
      @current-change="onCurrentChange"
      style="margin-top: 20px; justify-content: flex-end"
    />
  </page-container>
</template>

<style lang="scss" scoped></style>

(6)添加loading效果

①准备数据

const loading = ref(false)

②el-table上面绑定

<el-table :data="articleList" v-loading="loading" style="width: 100%">

③发送请求添加loading

// 基于params参数,获取文章列表
const getArticleList = async () => {
  loading.value = true

  const res = await artGetListService(params.value)
  articleList.value = res.data.data
  total.value = res.data.total

  loading.value = false
}

(7)搜索和重置功能

①注册事件

<el-form-item>
  <el-button @click="onSearch" type="primary">搜索</el-button>
  <el-button @click="onReset">重置</el-button>
</el-form-item>

②绑定处理

// 搜索逻辑 => 按照最新的条件,重新检索,从第一页开始展示
const onSearch = () => {
  params.value.pagenum = 1 // 重置页面
  getArticleList()
}

// 重置逻辑 => 将筛选条件清空,重新检索,从第一页开始展示
const onReset = () => {
  params.value.pagenum = 1 // 重置页面
  params.value.cate_id = ''
  params.value.state = ''
  getArticleList()
}

2. 添加文章(抽屉 & 文件上传 & 富文本)

(1)点击显示抽屉

①准备数据

import { ref } from 'vue'
const visibleDrawer = ref(false)

②准备抽屉容器

<!-- 抽屉区 -->
<el-drawer
  v-model="visibleDrawer"
  title="大标题"
  direction="rtl"
  size="50%"
>
  <span>Hi there!</span>
</el-drawer>

③点击修改布尔值,显示抽屉

<el-button type="primary" @click="onAddArticle">发布文章</el-button>

const visibleDrawer = ref(false)
const onAddArticle = () => {
  visibleDrawer.value = true
}

(2)封装抽屉组件ArticleEdit

添加 和 编辑,可以共用一个抽屉,所以可以将抽屉封装成一个组件。

①封装组件src/views/article/components/ArticleEdit.vue

<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue'
// 控制抽屉的显示隐藏
const visibleDrawer = ref(false)

// 组件对外暴露一个方法open,基于open传来的参数,区分添加还是编辑
// open({}) => 表单无需渲染,说明是添加
// open({id, ..., ...}) => 表单需要渲染(数据回显),说明是编辑
// open调用后,可以打开弹窗
const open = (row) => {
  visibleDrawer.value = true // 显示抽屉

  console.log(row)
}

// 向外暴露方法
defineExpose({
  open
})
</script>

<template>
  <!-- 抽屉区 -->
  <el-drawer v-model="visibleDrawer" title="大标题" direction="rtl" size="50%">
    <span>Hi, there!</span>
  </el-drawer>
</template>

②通过ref进行绑定

const articleEditRef = ref()


<!-- 抽屉区域 -->
<article-edit ref="articleEditRef"></article-edit>

③点击调用方法显示抽屉

// 添加逻辑
const onAddArticle = () => {
  articleEditRef.value.open({})
}

// 编辑
const onEditArticle = (row) => {
  // console.log(row)
  articleEditRef.value.open(row)
}

(3)完善抽屉表单结构

①准备数据

// 默认数据
const defaultForm = {
  title: '', // 标题
  cate_id: '', // 分类id
  cover_img: '', // 封面图片 file对象
  content: '', // string内容
  state: '' // 状态
}

// 准备数据
const formModel = ref({
  ...defaultForm
})

// 组件对外暴露一个方法open,基于open传来的参数,区分添加还是编辑
// open({}) => 表单无需渲染,说明是添加
// open({id, ..., ...}) => 表单需要渲染(数据回显),说明是编辑
// open调用后,可以打开弹窗
const open = (row) => {
  visibleDrawer.value = true // 显示抽屉

  if (row.id) {
    // 需要基于row.id发送请求,获取编辑对应的详情数据,进行回显
    console.log('编辑回显')
  } else {
    formModel.value = { ...defaultForm } // 基于默认的数据,重置form数据
    console.log('添加')
  }

  console.log(row)
}

②准备form表单结构

import ChannelSelect from './ChannelSelect.vue'

<template>
  <el-drawer
    v-model="visibleDrawer"
    :title="formModel.id ? '编辑文章' : '添加文章'"
    direction="rtl"
    size="50%"
  >
    <!-- 发表文章表单 -->
    <el-form :model="formModel" ref="formRef" label-width="100px">
      <el-form-item label="文章标题" prop="title">
        <el-input v-model="formModel.title" placeholder="请输入标题"></el-input>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item label="文章分类" prop="cate_id">
        <channel-select
          v-model="formModel.cate_id"
          width="100%"
        ></channel-select>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item label="文章封面" prop="cover_img"> 文件上传 </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item label="文章内容" prop="content">
        <div class="editor">富文本编辑器</div>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item>
        <el-button type="primary">发布</el-button>
        <el-button type="info">草稿</el-button>
      </el-form-item>
    </el-form>
  </el-drawer>
</template>

③扩展下拉菜单width props

src/views/article/components/ChannelSelect.vue

<script setup>
import { artGetChannelsService } from '@/api/article.js'
import { ref } from 'vue'

defineProps({
  modelValue: {
    type: [Number, String]
  },
  width: {
    type: String
  }
})
// ......
</script>

<template>
  <el-select
    :modelValue="modelValue"
    @update:modelValue="emit('update:modelValue', $event)"
    placeholder="请选择"
    size="large"
    :style="{ width }"
  >
  <!-- ...... -->
  </el-select>
</template>

(4)上传文件9lement-plus - 文件预览]

Upload 上传 | Element Plus

src/views/article/components/ArticleEdit.vue

<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue'
import ChannelSelect from './ChannelSelect.vue'
import { Plus } from '@element-plus/icons-vue'

// 控制抽屉的显示隐藏
const visibleDrawer = ref(false)

// 默认数据
const defaultForm = {
  title: '', // 标题
  cate_id: '', // 分类id
  cover_img: '', // 封面图片 file对象
  content: '', // string内容
  state: '' // 状态
}

// 准备数据
const formModel = ref({
  ...defaultForm
})

// 图片上传相关逻辑
const imgUrl = ref('')
const onSelectFile = (uploadFile) => {
  //   console.log(uploadFile)
  imgUrl.value = URL.createObjectURL(uploadFile.raw) // 预览图片
  formModel.value.cover_img = uploadFile.raw
}

// 组件对外暴露一个方法open,基于open传来的参数,区分添加还是编辑
// open({}) => 表单无需渲染,说明是添加
// open({id, ..., ...}) => 表单需要渲染(数据回显),说明是编辑
// open调用后,可以打开弹窗
const open = (row) => {
  visibleDrawer.value = true // 显示抽屉

  if (row.id) {
    // 需要基于row.id发送请求,获取编辑对应的详情数据,进行回显
    console.log('编辑回显')
  } else {
    formModel.value = { ...defaultForm } // 基于默认的数据,重置form数据
    console.log('添加')
  }

  //   console.log(row)
}

// 向外暴露方法
defineExpose({
  open
})
</script>

<template>
  <el-drawer
    v-model="visibleDrawer"
    :title="formModel.id ? '编辑文章' : '添加文章'"
    direction="rtl"
    size="50%"
  >
    <!-- 发表文章表单 -->
    <el-form :model="formModel" ref="formRef" label-width="100px">
      <el-form-item label="文章标题" prop="title">
        <el-input v-model="formModel.title" placeholder="请输入标题"></el-input>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item label="文章分类" prop="cate_id">
        <channel-select
          v-model="formModel.cate_id"
          width="100%"
        ></channel-select>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item label="文章封面" prop="cover_img">
        <!-- 此处需要关闭element-plus的自动上传,不需要配置action等参数
            此处只需要做前端的本地预览图片即可,无需在提交前上传图片
            语法:URL.createObjectURL(...)创建本地预览的地址,来预览
        -->
        <el-upload
          class="avatar-uploader"
          :show-file-list="false"
          :auto-upload="false"
          :on-change="onSelectFile"
        >
          <img v-if="imgUrl" :src="imgUrl" class="avatar" />
          <el-icon v-else class="avatar-uploader-icon"><Plus /></el-icon>
        </el-upload>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item label="文章内容" prop="content">
        <div class="editor">富文本编辑器</div>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item>
        <el-button type="primary">发布</el-button>
        <el-button type="info">草稿</el-button>
      </el-form-item>
    </el-form>
  </el-drawer>
</template>

<style lang="scss" scoped>
.avatar-uploader {
  :deep() {
    .avatar {
      width: 178px;
      height: 178px;
      display: block;
    }
    .el-upload {
      border: 1px dashed var(--el-border-color);
      border-radius: 6px;
      cursor: pointer;
      position: relative;
      overflow: hidden;
      transition: var(--el-transition-duration-fast);
    }
    .el-upload:hover {
      border-color: var(--el-color-primary);
    }
    .el-icon.avatar-uploader-icon {
      font-size: 28px;
      color: #8c939d;
      width: 178px;
      height: 178px;
      text-align: center;
    }
  }
}
</style>

3. 编辑文章(共用抽屉)

(1)富文本编辑器[vue-quill]

官网地址:Introduction | VueQuill

①安装

pnpm add @vueup/vue-quill@latest

②注册成局部组件

import { QuillEditor } from '@vueup/vue-quill'
import '@vueup/vue-quill/dist/vue-quill.snow.css'

③页面中使用绑定

<div class="editor">
  <quill-editor
    theme="snow"
    v-model:content="formModel.content"
    contentType="html"
  >
  </quill-editor>
</div>

④样式美化

.editor {
  width: 100%;
  :deep(.ql-editor) {
    min-height: 200px;
  }
}

(2)添加文章功能

①封装添加接口 - src/api/article.js

// 文章:添加文章
// 注意:data需要是一个formData格式的对象
export const artPublishService = (data) => request.post('/my/article/add', data)

②注册点击事件调用

ArticleEdit.vue

<el-form-item>
  <el-button @click="onPublish('已发布')" type="primary">发布</el-button>
  <el-button @click="onPublish('草稿')" type="info">草稿</el-button>
</el-form-item>
// 发布文章
const emit = defineEmits(['success'])
const onPublish = async (state) => {
  // 将已发布还是草稿状态,存入 state
  formModel.value.state = state

  // 转换 formData 数据
  const fd = new FormData()
  for (let key in formModel.value) {
    fd.append(key, formModel.value[key])
  }

  if (formModel.value.id) {
    console.log('编辑操作')
  } else {
    // 添加请求
    await artPublishService(fd)
    ElMessage.success('添加成功')
    visibleDrawer.value = false
    emit('success', 'add')
  }
}

③父组件监听事件,重新渲染

ArticleManage.vue

<!-- 抽屉区域 -->
<article-edit ref="articleEditRef" @success="onSuccess"></article-edit>
// 添加或者编辑 成功的回调
const onSuccess = (type) => {
  if (type === 'add') {
    // 如果是添加,需跳转渲染最后一页,编辑直接渲染当前页
    const lastPage = Math.ceil((total.value + 1) / params.value.pagesize)
    // 更新成最大页码数,再渲染
    params.value.pagenum = lastPage
  }
  getArticleList()
}

④添加完成后的内容重置 - ArticleEdit.vue

Methods | VueQuill (vueup.github.io)

const editorRef = ref()
const open = (row) => {
  visibleDrawer.value = true // 显示抽屉

  if (row.id) {
    // 需要基于row.id发送请求,获取编辑对应的详情数据,进行回显
    // console.log('编辑回显')
  } else {
    formModel.value = { ...defaultForm } // 基于默认的数据,重置form数据
    // 这里重置了表单的数据,但是图片上传img地址、富文本编辑器内容,需要手动重置
    imgUrl.value = ''
    editorRef.value.setHTML('')
  }
}

(3)编辑文章回显

如果是编辑操作,一打开抽屉,就需要发送请求,获取数据进行回显

①封装接口,根据id获取数据详情数据

src/api/article.js

// 根据id获取详情数据
export const artGetDetailService = (id) =>
  request.get('my/article/info', { params: { id } })

②页面中调用渲染 - ArticleEdit.vue

import { baseURL } from '@/utils/request.js'

const open = async (row) => {
  visibleDrawer.value = true // 显示抽屉

  if (row.id) {
    console.log('编辑回显')
    // 需要基于row.id发送请求,获取编辑对应的详情数据,进行回显
    const res = await artGetDetailService(row.id)
    // console.log(res)
    formModel.value = res.data.data
    // 图片需要单独处理回显
    imgUrl.value = baseURL + formModel.value.cover_img
    // 提交给后台,需要的是file格式,将网络图片,转成file格式
    // 将网络图片地址 转成file对象,存储起来,将来便于提交
    formModel.value.cover_img = await imageUrlToFileObject(
      imgUrl.value,
      formModel.value.cover_img
    )
  } else {
    // 添加功能
    formModel.value = { ...defaultForm } // 基于默认的数据,重置form数据
    // 这里重置了表单的数据,但是图片上传img地址、富文本编辑器内容,需要手动重置
    imgUrl.value = ''
    editorRef.value.setHTML('')
  }
}

// 将网络图片地址转换为File对象
async function imageUrlToFileObject(url, fileName) {
  try {
    // 第一步:使用axios获取网络图片数据
    const response = await axios.get(url, { responseType: 'arraybuffer' })
    const imageData = response.data

    // 第二步:将图片数据转换为Blob对象
    const blob = new Blob([imageData], {
      type: response.headers['content-type']
    })

    // 第三步:创建一个新的File对象
    const file = new File([blob], fileName, { type: blob.type })

    return file
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('将图片转换为File对象时发生错误:', error)
    throw error
  }
}

(4)编辑文章功能

①封装编辑接口

src/api/article.js

// 文章:编辑文章
export const artEditService = (data) => request.put('/my/article/info', data)

②提交时调用 - ArticleEdit.vue

// 提交
const onPublish = async (state) => {
  
    // ......

  // 发请求
  if (formModel.value.id) {
    // 编辑操作
    // console.log('编辑操作')
    await artEditService(fd)
    ElMessage.success('修改成功')
    visibleDrawer.value = false
    emit('success', 'edit')
  } else {
    // 添加操作
    // ......
  }
}

4. 删除文章

①封装删除接口 - article.js

// 文章:删除文章
export const artDelService = (id) => {
  request.delete('/my/article/info', { params: { id } })
}

②页面中添加确认框调用 - ArticleManage.vue

import { artGetListService, artDelService } from '@/api/article.js'
// 删除
const onDeleteArticle = async (row) => {
  await ElMessageBox.confirm('你确认要删除该文章信息吗?', '温馨提示', {
    type: 'warning',
    confirmButtonText: '确认',
    cancelButtonText: '取消'
  })
  await artDelService(row.id)
  ElMessage({ type: 'success', message: '删除成功' })
  getArticleList()
}

十六、ChatGPT & Copilot

讲解内容:

1. AI的认知 & 两个工具

2. ChatGPT的基本使用(Prompt优化)

3. Copilot的基本使用(代码实战,高效编码)

4. 个人中心项目实战

  • 基本资料
  • 更换头像
  • 重置密码

1. AI的认知 & 两个工具

(1)认知同步:

1. AI早已不是新事物(接受)

语音识别、人脸识别、无人驾驶、智能机器人

2. AI本质是智能工具(认识)

人工智能辅助,可以提升效率,但不具备思想意识,无法从零到一取代人类工作

3. AI一定会淘汰掉一部分人

但一定会衍生出新的职业方向

(2)两个工具: ChatGPT & Copilot

ChatGPT:vue,const,router,value,Vue,Day12,Vue3,import,ref
From: https://blog.csdn.net/ltt159264/article/details/139186332

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