无涯教程-Angular7 - Materials模块

Materials为您的项目提供了许多内置模块。autocomplete，datepicker，slider，menus，grids和toolbar等函数。

要使用Materials，我们需要导入包装。 Angular 2也具有上述所有函数，但可以作为 @angular/core模块的一部分使用。从Angular 4开始，Materials模块提供了一个单独的模块@angular/materials。这有助于用户仅将所需materials导入他们的项目中。

要开始使用Materials，您需要安装两个软件包: materials和cdk 。Materials组件取决于动画模块的高级函数。因此，您需要相同的 @angular/animations 动画包。该软件包已在上一章中进行了更新。在前面的章节中，我们已经为虚拟和拖放模块安装了@angular/cdk软件包。

以下是将materials添加到您的项目的命令-

npm install --save @angular/material

现在让我们看一下package.json。 @angular/material 和 @angular/cdk 已安装。

{ 
   "name": "angular7-app", 
   "version": "0.0.0", 
   "scripts": { 
      "ng": "ng", 
      "start": "ng serve",
      "build": "ng build", 
      "test": "ng test", 
      "lint": "ng lint", 
      "e2e": "ng e2e" 
   }, 
   "private": true, 
   "dependencies": { 
      "@angular/animations": "~7.2.0", 
      "@angular/cdk": "^7.3.4", 
      "@angular/common": "~7.2.0", 
      "@angular/compiler": "~7.2.0", 
      "@angular/core": "~7.2.0", 
      "@angular/forms": "~7.2.0", 
      "@angular/material": "^7.3.4", 
      "@angular/platform-browser": "~7.2.0", 
      "@angular/platform-browser-dynamic": "~7.2.0", 
      "@angular/router": "~7.2.0", 
      "core-js": "^2.5.4", 
      "rxjs": "~6.3.3", 
      "tslib": "^1.9.0", 
      "zone.js": "~0.8.26" 
   }, 
   "devDependencies": { 
      "@angular-devkit/build-angular": "~0.13.0", 
      "@angular/cli": "~7.3.2", 
      "@angular/compiler-cli": "~7.2.0", 
      "@angular/language-service": "~7.2.0", 
      "@types/node": "~8.9.4", 
      "@types/jasmine": "~2.8.8", 
      "@types/jasminewd2": "~2.0.3", 
      "codelyzer": "~4.5.0", 
      "jasmine-core": "~2.99.1", 
      "jasmine-spec-reporter": "~4.2.1", 
      "karma": "~3.1.1", 
      "karma-chrome-launcher": "~2.2.0", 
      "karma-coverage-istanbul-reporter": "~2.0.1",
      "karma-jasmine": "~1.1.2", 
      "karma-jasmine-html-reporter": "^0.2.2", 
      "protractor": "~5.4.0", 
      "ts-node": "~7.0.0", 
      "tslint": "~5.11.0", 
      "typescript": "~3.2.2"
   } 
}

我们突出显示了与materials配合使用的软件包。

现在，我们将模块导入父模块- app.module.ts 中，如下所示。

import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { AppRoutingModule , RoutingComponent} from './app-routing.module';
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';
import { NewCmpComponent } from './new-cmp/new-cmp.component';
import { ChangeTextDirective } from './change-text.directive';
import { SqrtPipe } from './app.sqrt';
import { MyserviceService } from './myservice.service';
import { HttpClientModule } from '@angular/common/http';
import { ScrollDispatchModule } from '@angular/cdk/scrolling';
import { DragDropModule } from '@angular/cdk/drag-drop';
import { ReactiveFormsModule } from '@angular/forms';
import { BrowserAnimationsModule } from '@angular/platform-browser/animations';
import { MatButtonModule, MatMenuModule, MatSidenavModule } from '@angular/material';

@NgModule({
   declarations: [
      SqrtPipe,
      AppComponent,
      NewCmpComponent,
      ChangeTextDirective,
      RoutingComponent
   ],
   imports: [
      BrowserModule,
      AppRoutingModule,
      HttpClientModule,
      ScrollDispatchModule,
      DragDropModule,
      ReactiveFormsModule,
      BrowserAnimationsModule,
      MatButtonModule,
      MatMenuModule,
      MatSidenavModule
   ],
   providers: [MyserviceService],
   bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule { }

在上面的文件中，我们从 @angular/materials 中导入了以下模块。

import { MatButtonModule, MatMenuModule, MatSidenavModule } from '@angular/material';

并在import数组中使用了相同的代码，如下所示-

imports: [
   BrowserModule,
   AppRoutingModule,
   HttpClientModule,
   ScrollDispatchModule,
   DragDropModule,
   ReactiveFormsModule,
   BrowserAnimationsModule,
   MatButtonModule,
   MatMenuModule,
   MatSidenavModule
],

app.component.ts如下所示-

import { Component } from '@angular/core';
@Component({
   selector: 'app-root',
   templateUrl: './app.component.html',
   styleUrls: ['./app.component.css']
})
export class AppComponent {
   constructor() {}
}

现在，让我们在 styles.css 中添加material-css支持。

@import "~@angular/material/prebuilt-themes/indigo-pink.css";

现在让我们在app.component.html中添加materials

Menu 组件

如使用Menu，则需要<mat-menu> </mat-menu>组件。 通过使用[matMenuTriggerFor] =“ menu”并使用带有#in <mat-menu>，为<mat-menu>提供了相同的引用。

app.component.html

<button mat-button [matMenuTriggerFor]="menu">Menu</button> 
<mat-menu #menu="matMenu"> 
   <button mat-menu-item> File </button> 
   <button mat-menu-item> Save As </button>
</mat-menu>

下图显示在浏览器中-

单击菜单将显示其中的项目-

SideNav 组件

我们需要<mat-sidenav-container> </mat-sidenav-container>， <mat-sidenav> </mat-sidenav>作为子级添加到集合中。 添加了另一个div，它通过使用(click)=“ sidenav.open()”来触发sidenav。

app.component.html

<mat-sidenav-container class="example-container" fullscreen> 
   <mat-sidenav #sidenav class="example-sidenav"> 
      Angular 7 
   </mat-sidenav> 
   <div class="example-sidenav-content"> 
      <button type="button" mat-button (click)="sidenav.open()"> 
         Open sidenav 
      </button> 
   </div> 
</mat-sidenav-container>

app.component.css

.example-container { 
   width: 500px;  
   height: 300px; 
   border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); 
}
.example-sidenav { 
   padding: 20px; 
   width: 150px; 
   font-size: 20px;
   border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); 
   background-color: #ccc; 
   color:white; 
}

以下是浏览器中菜单和sidenav的显示-

如果我们单击"Open Sidenav"，则以下面板将在左侧打开-

Datepicker 组件

现在让我们使用Materials添加一个datepicker，在 app.module.ts 中，我们为datepicker导入了以下模块，如下所示:

import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { AppRoutingModule , RoutingComponent} from './app-routing.module';
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';
import { NewCmpComponent } from './new-cmp/new-cmp.component';
import { ChangeTextDirective } from './change-text.directive';
import { SqrtPipe } from './app.sqrt';
import { MyserviceService } from './myservice.service';
import { HttpClientModule } from '@angular/common/http';
import { ScrollDispatchModule } from '@angular/cdk/scrolling';
import { DragDropModule } from '@angular/cdk/drag-drop';
import { ReactiveFormsModule } from '@angular/forms';
import { BrowserAnimationsModule } from '@angular/platform-browser/animations';
import { MatDatepickerModule, MatInputModule, MatNativeDateModule } from '@angular/material';

@NgModule({
   declarations: [
      SqrtPipe,
      AppComponent,
      NewCmpComponent,
      ChangeTextDirective,
      RoutingComponent
   ],
   imports: [
      BrowserModule,
      AppRoutingModule,
      HttpClientModule,
      ScrollDispatchModule,
      DragDropModule,
      ReactiveFormsModule,
      BrowserAnimationsModule,
      MatDatepickerModule,
      MatInputModule,
      MatNativeDateModule
   ],
   providers: [MyserviceService],
   bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule { }

在这里，我们导入了MatDatepickerModule，MatInputModule和MatNativeDateModule等模块。

现在，app.component.ts如下所示-

import { Component } from '@angular/core'; 
@Component({ 
   selector: 'app-root', 
   templateUrl: './app.component.html', s
   tyleUrls: ['./app.component.css'] 
}) 
export class AppComponent { 
   constructor() {} 
}

app.component.html如下所示-

<mat-form-field>
   <input matInput [matDatepicker]="picker" placeholder="Choose a date"> 
   <mat-datepicker-toggle matSuffix [for]="picker"></mat-datepicker-toggle>
   <mat-datepicker #picker></mat-datepicker>
</mat-form-field>

在style.css中添加的全局CSS-

/* You can add global styles to this file, and also 
import other style files */
@import '~@angular/material/prebuilt-themes/deeppurple-amber.css';
body { 
   font-family: Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; 
   margin: 10; 
}
.basic-container { 
   padding: 30px; 
}
.version-info { 
   font-size: 8pt; 
   float: right;
}

日期selector在浏览器中显示，如下所示-

参考链接

https://www.learnfk.com/angular7/angular7-materials.html