简述一下我的理解:
为什么要有那一行一定概率下接受答案?
因为如果没有就会在当前峰下爬山,有的话才能跳到别的峰上,这一行与温度有关,当温度越低,跳的概率越低。
退火随机一个二维点:
nowx = limx + ((rand() << 1) - RAND_MAX) * T;
nowy = limy + ((rand() << 1) - RAND_MAX) * T;
退火接受概率的公式:
\(e^{\frac{-del}{T}}?\frac{rand()}{RAND_{MAX}}\)
得看是最大还是最小值了。
退火的模板:
const double lim = ... // 温度最小值,通常为 1e-10 左右
const double d = ... // 变化系数,通常为 0.996 左右
void SA() {
double T = ... // 初始温度,通常为 2021 左右
while(T > lim) {
... // 获取一个随机的位置
now = calc(); // 计算当前位置的答案
del = now - ans; // 计算 变化量
if(del < 0) { // 以最小值为例
ans = now; // 更新答案
... // 更新答案和中间量的状态
} else if(exp(-del/T) > (double)rand()/RAND_MAX) {
... // 一定概率选择当前当前状态
}
T *= d; // 降温
}
}
复建例题:
P2210
很简单,直接一遍秒了。
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long LL;
namespace IO {
#define pb push_back
#define lson rt << 1
#define rson rt << 1 | 1
const int N = 1e3 + 10;
const int Maxn = 2e5 + 10;
int read() {
int res = 0, f = 0; char ch = getchar();
for(; !isdigit(ch); ch = getchar()) f |= (ch == '-');
for(; isdigit(ch); ch = getchar()) res = (res << 1) + (res << 3) + (ch - '0');
return f ? -res : res;
}
}
using namespace IO;
int n, a[20][5], rk[20];
const double Lim = 1e-10;
const double down = 0.996;
int calc() {
int res = 0;
bool vis[20][20];
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) for(int j = 1; j <= n; j++) vis[i][j] = vis[j][i] = 0;
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
for(int j = 0; j <= 2; j++) {
if(vis[i][a[i][j]] || vis[a[i][j]][i]) continue;
int x = rk[i], y = rk[a[i][j]];
if(x > y) swap(x, y);
res += y - x, vis[i][a[i][j]] = 1, vis[a[i][j]][i] = 1;
}
}
return res;
}
int ans = INT_MAX;
void SA() {
double T = 2023;
while(T > Lim) {
int nowx = rand() % n + 1, nowy = rand() % n + 1;
swap(rk[nowx], rk[nowy]);
int nowans = calc();
int del = nowans - ans;
if(del < 0) {
ans = nowans;
}
else if(exp(-del/T) > rand() / RAND_MAX) {
}
else {
swap(rk[nowx], rk[nowy]);
}
T *= down;
}
}
signed main() {
srand(2006);
n = read();
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) a[i][0] = read(), a[i][1] = read(), a[i][2] = read();
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) rk[i] = i;
while((double)clock()/CLOCKS_PER_SEC<=0.8) SA();
cout<<ans;
return 0;
}
标签:...,rand,int,double,笔记,模拟退火,del,ans,复建
From: https://www.cnblogs.com/tttttttle/p/17825656.html