（一）基本要求
-
搭建下图所示拓扑，完成相关 IP 配置，并实现主机与主机之间的 IP 通信。用抓包软件获取控制器与交换机之间的通信数据。
-
查看抓包结果，分析OpenFlow协议中交换机与控制器的消息交互过程，画出相关交互图或流程图。
- hello
控制器6633端口（我最高能支持OpenFlow 1.0） ----> 交换机58984端口
交换机58984端口（我最高能支持OpenFlow 1.0） ----> 控制器6633端口
于是双方建立连接，并使用 OpenFlow 1.0 - Features Request / Set Config
控制器6633端口（我需要你的特征信息）----> 交换机58984端口
控制器6633端口（请按照我给你的flag和max bytes of packet进行配置）----> 交换机58984端口
- Port_Status
当交换机端口发生变化时，告知控制器相应的端口状态。
- Features Reply
交换机58984端口（这是我的特征信息，请查收）----> 控制器6633端口
- Packet_in
交换机58984端口（有数据进来，请指示） ----> 控制器6633端口
- Flow_mod（控制器收到 Packet-in 消息时的响应方式之一）
控制器收到 Packet‐in 消息后，可以发送 Flow‐Mod 消息向交换机下发一个流表项
分析抓取的flow_mod的数据包，控制器通过端口6633端口向交换机46568端口、交换机46570端口下发流表项，指导数据的转发处理
- Packet_out（控制器收到 Packet-in 消息时的响应方式之一）
控制器收到 Packet‐in 消息后，控制器不会下发流表，而是直接告诉交换机该如何做
控制器6633端口（请按照我给你的action进行处理）----> 交换机58980端口
- 交换机与控制器的消息交互过程
- 回答问题：交换机与控制器建立通信时是使用TCP协议还是UDP协议？
交换机与控制器建立通信时是使用TCP协议。
（二）进阶要求
将抓包基础要求第2步的抓包结果对照OpenFlow源码，了解OpenFlow主要消息类型对应的数据结构定义。
- hello
struct ofp_header {
uint8_t version; /* OFP_VERSION. */
uint8_t type; /* One of the OFPT_ constants. */
uint16_t length; /* Length including this ofp_header. */
uint32_t xid; /* Transaction id associated with this packet.
Replies use the same id as was in the request
to facilitate pairing. */
};
/* OFPT_HELLO. This message has an empty body, but implementations must
* ignore any data included in the body, to allow for future extensions. */
struct ofp_hello {
struct ofp_header header;
};
2. Features Request
struct ofp_header {
uint8_t version; /* OFP_VERSION. */
uint8_t type; /* One of the OFPT_ constants. */
uint16_t length; /* Length including this ofp_header. */
uint32_t xid; /* Transaction id associated with this packet.
Replies use the same id as was in the request
to facilitate pairing. */
};
- Set Config
struct ofp_switch_config {
struct ofp_header header;
uint16_t flags; /* OFPC_* flags. */
uint16_t miss_send_len; /* Max bytes of new flow that datapath should
send to the controller. */
};
- Port_Status
struct ofp_header {
uint8_t version; /* OFP_VERSION. */
uint8_t type; /* One of the OFPT_ constants. */
uint16_t length; /* Length including this ofp_header. */
uint32_t xid; /* Transaction id associated with this packet.
Replies use the same id as was in the request
to facilitate pairing. */
};
- Features Reply
struct ofp_switch_features {
struct ofp_header header;
uint64_t datapath_id; /* Datapath unique ID. The lower 48-bits are for
a MAC address, while the upper 16-bits are
implementer-defined. */
uint32_t n_buffers; /* Max packets buffered at once. */
uint8_t n_tables; /* Number of tables supported by datapath. */
uint8_t pad[3]; /* Align to 64-bits. */
/* Features. */
uint32_t capabilities; /* Bitmap of support "ofp_capabilities". */
uint32_t actions; /* Bitmap of supported "ofp_action_type"s. */
/* Port info.*/
struct ofp_phy_port ports[0]; /* Port definitions. The number of ports
is inferred from the length field in
the header. */
};
- Packet_in
struct ofp_packet_in {
struct ofp_header header;
uint32_t buffer_id; /* ID assigned by datapath. */
uint16_t total_len; /* Full length of frame. */
uint16_t in_port; /* Port on which frame was received. */
uint8_t reason; /* Reason packet is being sent (one of OFPR_*) */
uint8_t pad;
uint8_t data[0]; /* Ethernet frame, halfway through 32-bit word,
so the IP header is 32-bit aligned. The
amount of data is inferred from the length
field in the header. Because of padding,
offsetof(struct ofp_packet_in, data) ==
sizeof(struct ofp_packet_in) - 2. */
};
- Flow_mod
struct ofp_flow_mod {
struct ofp_header header;
struct ofp_match match; /* Fields to match */
uint64_t cookie; /* Opaque controller-issued identifier. */
/* Flow actions. */
uint16_t command; /* One of OFPFC_*. */
uint16_t idle_timeout; /* Idle time before discarding (seconds). */
uint16_t hard_timeout; /* Max time before discarding (seconds). */
uint16_t priority; /* Priority level of flow entry. */
uint32_t buffer_id; /* Buffered packet to apply to (or -1).
Not meaningful for OFPFC_DELETE*. */
uint16_t out_port; /* For OFPFC_DELETE* commands, require
matching entries to include this as an
output port. A value of OFPP_NONE
indicates no restriction. */
uint16_t flags; /* One of OFPFF_*. */
struct ofp_action_header actions[0]; /* The action length is inferred
from the length field in the
header. */
};
- Packet_out
struct ofp_packet_out {
struct ofp_header header;
uint32_t buffer_id; /* ID assigned by datapath (-1 if none). */
uint16_t in_port; /* Packet's input port (OFPP_NONE if none). */
uint16_t actions_len; /* Size of action array in bytes. */
struct ofp_action_header actions[0]; /* Actions. */
/* uint8_t data[0]; */ /* Packet data. The length is inferred
from the length field in the header.
(Only meaningful if buffer_id == -1.) */
};
（三）总结
- 建立拓扑前要先开启抓包工具，一开始没有开启导致hello找不到
- 相关数据结构可在openflow安装目录openflow/include/openflow当中的openflow.h头文件中查询到
- flow_mod要进行pingall才会出现，之前没有pingall找不到mod
- 经过本次实验，对抓包工具运用更加熟练，对openflow协议更进一步了解