实验任务一

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
int main()
{
using namespace std;

string s1;
string s2{ "c plus plus" };
string s3{ s2 };
string s4 = s2;

s1 = "oop";
vector<string>v1;
v1.push_back(s1);
v1.push_back(s2 + "1");
v1.push_back(s3 + "2");
v1.push_back(s4 + "3");

cout << "output1:" << endl;
for (auto item : v1)
cout << item << endl;

cout << "ouput2:";
for (auto p = v1.begin();p != v1.end();++p)
cout << *p << endl;

cout << "output3:" << endl;
for (auto i = 0;i < v1.size();++i)
cout << v1[i] << endl;

vector<string>v2{ v1.rbegin(),v1.rend() };

cout << "v2:" << endl;
for (auto item : v2)
cout << item << endl;
}

#include <iostream>

#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <time.h>

template<typename T>
void output(const T& obj)
{
for (auto item : obj)
std::cout << item << " ";
std::cout << std::endl;
}

int main()
{
using namespace std;

vector<int> v1{ 1, 9, 8, 4 };
v1.insert(v1.begin(), 2022);
v1.insert(v1.end(), 2023);

cout << "v1: ";
output(v1);

v1.pop_back();
v1.erase(v1.begin());
cout << "v1: ";
output(v1);

vector<string> v2{ "《1984》", "《动物农场》", "《美丽新世界》" };
cout << "v2: ";
output(v2);
}

实验任务二

#include<iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;

class Point {
public:
Point(int x0 = 0, int y0 = 0);
Point(const Point& p);
~Point() = default;

int get_x() const { return x; }
int get_y() const { return y; }
void show() const;

private:
int x, y;
};
Point::Point(int x0, int y0) : x{ x0 }, y{ y0 } {
cout << "constructor called." << endl;
}

Point::Point(const Point& p) : x{ p.x }, y{ p.y } {
cout << "copy constructor called." << endl;
}

void Point::show() const {
cout << "(" << x << ", "
<< y << ")" << endl;
}

int main() {
Point p1(4, 5);
p1.show();

Point p2 = p1;
p2.show();

Point p3{p2};
p3.show();
cout << p3.get_x() << endl;
}

实验任务三

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;

class Clock {
public:
Clock(int h = 0, int m = 0, int s = 0);
Clock(const Clock& t);
~Clock() = default;

void set_time(int h, int m = 0, int s = 0);
void show_time() const;

private:
int hour, minute, second;
};

Clock::Clock(int h, int m, int s) : hour{ h }, minute{ m }, second{ s } {
cout << "constructor called" << endl;
}

Clock::Clock(const Clock& t) : hour{ t.hour }, minute{ t.minute },
second{ t.second } {
cout << "copy constructor called" << endl;
}

void Clock::set_time(int h, int m, int s) {
hour = h;
minute = m;
second = s;
}

void Clock::show_time() const {
using std::setw;
using std::setfill;

cout << setfill('0') << setw(2) << hour << ":"
<< setw(2) << minute << ":"
<< setw(2) << second << endl;
}

Clock reset() {
return Clock(0, 0, 0);
}

int main()
{
Clock c1(12, 0, 5);
c1.show_time();

c1 = reset();
c1.show_time();

Clock c2(c1);
c2.set_time(6);
c2.show_time();

}

实验任务四

#include<iostream>

class X {
public:
X();
~X();
X(int m);
X(const X& obj);
X(X&& obj)noexcept;
void show()const;

private:
int data;
};

X::X() :data{ 42 } {
std::cout << "default constructor called.\n";
}

X::~X() {
std::cout << "destructor called.\n";
}

X::X(const X& obj) :data{ obj.data } {
std::cout << "constructor called.\n";
}
X::X(const X& obj) : data{ obj.data } {
std::cout << "copy constructor called.\n";
}

X::X(X&& obj) noexcept : data{ obj.data } {
std::cout << "move constructor called.\n";
}
void X::show() const {
std::cout << data << std::endl;
}

int main() {
X x1;
x1.show();

X x2{ 2049 };
x2.show();

X x3{ x1 };
x3.show();

X x4{ std::move(x2) };
x4.show();
}

实验任务五

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
class Rectangle
{
public:
    Rectangle(double l = 2.0, double w = 1.0) : leng(l), wide(w)
    {
    }

    Rectangle(const Rectangle& rect) : leng(rect.leng), wide(rect.wide)
    {
    }

    ~Rectangle() {};

    double len() const
    {
        return leng;
    }

    double widee() const
    {
        return wide;
    }

    double area() const
    {
        return leng * wide;
    }

    double circumference() const
    {
        return (leng + wide) * 2;
    }

    void resize(int times)
    {
        leng *= times;
        wide *= times;
    }

    void resize(int l_times, int w_times)
    {
        leng *= l_times;
        wide *= w_times;
    }

private:
    double leng, wide;
};

void output(const Rectangle& rect)
{
    using namespace std;

    cout << "矩阵信息:\n";
    cout << fixed << setprecision(2);

    cout << "长:" << rect.len() << endl;

    cout << "宽:" << rect.widee() << endl;

    cout << "面积:" << rect.area() << endl;

    cout << "周长:" << rect.circumference() << endl;

    cout << endl;

}

int main()
{
    Rectangle rect1;
    output(rect1);

    Rectangle rect2(10, 5);
    output(rect2);

    Rectangle rect3(rect1);
    rect3.resize(2);
    output(rect3);

    rect3.resize(5, 2);
    output(rect3);

}