自动化测试
开始第一个测试
首先有一个bug
python3 manage.py shell
创建一个测试来暴露这个 bug
将下面的代码写入 polls 应用里的 tests.py 文件内
点击查看代码
from django.test import TestCase
# Create your tests here.
import datetime
from django.utils import timezone
from .models import Question
class QuestionModelTests(TestCase):
def test_was_published_recently_with_future_question(self):
"""
was_published_recently() returns False for questions whose pub_date
is in the future.
"""
time = timezone.now() + datetime.timedelta(days=30);
print(time)
future_question = Question(pub_date = time, question_text="future question")
'''
它的返回值应该是False
'''
self.assertIs(future_question.was_published_recently(), False)
运行测试
python3 manage.py test polls
查看输出
点击查看代码
Found 1 test(s).
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
2023-09-24 01:55:14.798935+00:00
F
======================================================================
FAIL: test_was_published_recently_with_future_question (polls.tests.QuestionModelTests)
was_published_recently() returns False for questions whose pub_date
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/xuteng/Desktop/Study/Python/Django/mysite/polls/tests.py", line 21, in test_was_published_recently_with_future_question
self.assertIs(future_question.was_published_recently(), False)
AssertionError: True is not False
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.002s
FAILED (failures=1)
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...
运行过程
- python manage.py test polls 将会寻找 polls 应用里的测试代码
- 它找到了 django.test.TestCase 的一个子类
- 它创建一个特殊的数据库供测试使用
- 它在类中寻找测试方法——以 test 开头的方法
- 在 test_was_published_recently_with_future_question 方法中，它创建了一个 pub_date 值为 30 天后的 Question 实例
- 接着使用 assertls() 方法，发现 was_published_recently() 返回了 True，而我们期望它返回 False
- 测试系统通知我们哪些测试样例失败了，和造成测试失败的代码所在的行号
修复这个bug
修改polls.models
点击查看代码
def was_published_recently(self):
now = timezone.now()
return now - datetime.timedelta(days=1) <= self.pub_date <= now
测试结果
点击查看代码
Found 1 test(s).
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
2023-09-24 02:02:22.203513+00:00
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.002s
OK
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...
更加全面的测试
点击查看代码
from django.test import TestCase
# Create your tests here.
import datetime
from django.utils import timezone
from .models import Question
class QuestionModelTests(TestCase):
def test_was_published_recently_with_future_question(self):
"""
was_published_recently() returns False for questions whose pub_date
is in the future.
"""
time = timezone.now() + datetime.timedelta(days=30);
print(time)
future_question = Question(pub_date = time, question_text="future question")
'''
它的返回值应该是False
'''
self.assertIs(future_question.was_published_recently(), False)
def test_was_published_recently_with_old_question(self):
"""
was_published_recently() returns False for questions whose pub_date
is older than 1 day.
"""
time = timezone.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=1, seconds=1)
old_question = Question(pub_date=time)
self.assertIs(old_question.was_published_recently(), False)
def test_was_published_recently_with_recent_question(self):
"""
was_published_recently() returns True for questions whose pub_date
is within the last day.
"""
time = timezone.now() - datetime.timedelta(hours=23, minutes=59, seconds=59)
recent_question = Question(pub_date=time)
self.assertIs(recent_question.was_published_recently(), True)
‘’‘
测试结果：
Found 3 test(s).
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
2023-09-24 02:05:30.209024+00:00
...
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.004s
OK
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...
’‘’