Unit 6 The Value of Money
Text A Teaching Children to Spend Pocket Money Wisely
A FAMOUS QUOTE
Never spend your money before you have it.
—— Thomas Jefferson
钱财未到手，绝不提前花。
——托马斯·杰斐逊
New Words
stationery n.materials for writing and for using in an office，for example paper, pens and envelopes 文具
fare n.the money that you pay to travel by bus, plane, taxi, etc.车费；船费；飞机票价
lump sum n.an amount of money that is paid at one time and not on separate occasions 一次总付的钱款
recess n.a period of time between lessons at school 课间休息
allocate v.to give something officially to somebody/something for a particular purpose 拨（给）；划（给）；分配（给）
overspend v.to spend too much money or more than you planned 花钱过多；比（预计的）花得多：超支
opt v.to choose to take or not to take a particular course of action 选择；挑选
constraint n.a thing that limits or restricts something，or your freedom to do something 限制；限定；约束
budget v.to be careful about the amount of money you spend；to plan to spend an amount of money for a particular purpose 谨慎花钱；把…编入预算
overindulge v.to have too much of something nice，especially food or drink 过多地享用（尤指食物或饮料）
short-sighted adj.not thinking carefully about the possible effects of something or what might happen in the future 目光短浅的；没有远见的
mentality n. the particular attitude or way of thinking of a person or group 心态；思想状况；思想方法
sibling n. a brother or sister 兄；弟；姐；妹
indulge v. to allow yourself to have or do something that you like，especially something that is considered bad for you 沉湎，沉迷，沉溺（于…）
rationing n. the policy of limiting the amount of food，fuel，etc.that people are allowed to have when there is not enough for everyone to have as much as they want 定量配给政策；配给制
principle n.a belief that is accepted as a reason for acting or thinking in a particular way 观念；（行动、思想的）理由，信条
unnecessarily adv.not by necessity；needlessly 没必要地
differentiate v.to recognize or show that two things are not the same 区分；区别；辨别
inculcate v. to cause somebody to learn and remember ideas，moral principles，etc.，especially by repeating them often 反复灌输；谆谆教诲
resist v.to stop yourself from having something you like or doing something you very much want to do 忍住；抵挡
temptation n.the desire to do or have something that you know is bad or wrong 引诱；诱惑
scheme n. a plan or system for doing or organizing something 计划；方案；体系；体制
formation n. the action of forming something；the process of being formed 组成；形成
kindergarten n.a nursery school 幼儿园
monthly adj.paid, valid or calculated for one month 按月结算的；有效期为一个月的
Phrases and Expressions
on a daily basis every day 每日地
result in to make something happen 导致
pay off… to finish paying money owed for sth.付清；偿清
within one's means only spending what can be afforded 量入为出
stand…in good stead to be useful or helpful to someone when needed （需要时）对某人有用， 对某人有利
重点词汇
fare n. the money that you pay to travel by bus, plane, taxi, etc.车费；船费；飞机票价
eg: What is the bus fare to London? 到伦敦的公共汽车费是多少?
travel at half/full/reduced fare 半价[全价/减价]票旅行
opt v. to choose to take or not to take a particular course of action 选择；挑选
eg: He opted to go to Paris rather than London.他决定去巴黎，不去伦敦。
constraint n. a thing that limits or restricts something，or your freedom to do something 限制；限定；约束
eg: act under constraint 受逼迫而行动
constrain v.make （sb.）do sth.by strong （moral）persuasion or by force 力劝，强迫（某人）做某事:
eg: As an artist he didn't consider himself constrained by the same rules of social conduct as other people.他认为自己是艺术家，不必像一般人那样要受社会行为准则的束缚。
indulge v.to allow yourself to have or do something that you like, especially something that is considered bad for you 沉湎，沉迷，沉溺（于…）
用法：indulge oneself in doing/sth.
eg: He often indulges himself in drinking.他常常沉溺于饮酒。
differentiate v. to recognize or show that two things are not the same 区分；区别；辨别
用法： differentiate between A and B
eg: Can you differentiate between the two varieties? 你能辨别这两个品种吗?
用法：differentiate A from B
eg: Can you differentiate one variety from the other? 你能将这两个品种区别开来吗?
Teaching Children to Spend Pocket Money Wisely
P1
School-going children need pocket money for food, stationery and bus fares.Parents give pocket money to their children in different ways.Some give a lump sum at the beginning of a month or a week.Others prefer to give pocket money on a daily basis.The way in which pocket money is given affects how money is spent or saved.On the other hand, the children's spending habits may affect how pocket money is given.
※the way/manner in which 主语+动词
the way 主语+动词
eg: I don't like the way/manner （in which）he looks at me.我不喜欢他那种样子看着我。
I like the way you've done your hair.我喜欢你头发的样式。
It's disgraceful the way he treats his mother.他那样对待他母亲太不像话了。
P2
Pocket money given on a daily basis is sometimes termed as "food money".Children usually use the pocket money to buy food during recess and also at lunch hour if they have school activities in the afternoon.They learn how to manage small sums of money.As the money is limited, they have to control their spending.Some parents choose this method of allocating pocket money in order to prevent their children from overspending, hoping that in time they can be trusted with larger sums of money.Parents who earn daily wages may also opt for this due to financial constraints.
P3
Giving pocket money on a daily basis places responsibilities of budgeting on the parents, instead of the child.The child may spend every single cent of the daily pocket money by overindulging in junk food, as they know they will get another sum of money the next day.This results in children being short-sighted in their spending.The thought of saving money never crossed their minds.They may develop the mentality that money is meant to be spent.Others spend more than they are given.They borrow from their siblings or their classmates when they feel like indulging themselves.Then they may ask for money to pay off their debts.This habit of borrowing causes them to depend on others to solve their problems.In such instances, the purpose of rationing is defeated.
P4
Children need to learn how to budget their money.Some parents go by the "learning by doing" principle and give their children lump sums at the beginning of the month, and by the third week of the month their account is already dry.
P5
On the other hand, some learn to budget their pocket money very well and even have savings at the end of the month.They do not borrow money unnecessarily.In other words, they learn to spend within their means.The key to doing this is to differentiate between needs and wants.Buy the necessary first, and indulge ourselves only if there is money left.This habit, when inculcated since young, stands them in good stead when they start working and earning their own money.It enables them to resist the temptation of "buy now and pay later" schemes.
P6
Formation of any habit starts at a tender age.There is no better way to teach children to manage money than to start with their pocket money.They need to learn the importance of budgeting right from kindergarten days.It is a good idea to start with daily pocket money and move on to monthly pocket money.When children learn to spend within their means, they are able to manage their finances well later in their lives.
Exercises
Ⅰ Checking Your Comprehension
Directions: Choose the best answer to each question from the information given in the passage.
1.The passage is mainly about ________.
A）how to budget pocket money for kids
B）how to help kids manage their pocket money
C）how to prevent kids from overspending
D）how to help kids form the habit of saving
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2.What is termed as "food money" in the passage?
A）Wages obtained on a daily basis.
B）Money spent on everyday food.
C）Pocket money given on a daily basis.
D）Money used to buy snacks and food.
[答疑编号506430060202]
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3.Parents who earn a living on a daily basis may ________.
A）help their kids to form the habit of saving money
B）enable their kids to handle large sums of money
C）prevent their kids from spending every penny
D）prefer to allocate to their kids pocket money every day
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4.Giving pocket money on a daily basis may ________.
A）place heavy loads of responsibilities on kids
B）overindulge kids in their desire for books
C）make kids unaware of the necessity of saving
D）contribute to children's poor eyesight
[答疑编号506430060204]
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5.To spend money within your means, you should ________.
A）not borrow money from your siblings
B）distinguish between needs and wants
C）form a good habit of saving first
D）resist all the temptation of buying
[答疑编号506430060205]
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Ⅲ Bridging the Gap
Directions: Fill in the blanks with a word or a phrase that best completes the passage.You may choose a suitable one from the list given.
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basic grow invest ideally called |
Money management can actually be broken down into a very simple practice that even a fourth grader can do in his young life.The 1 step to being on your wealth path is knowing how much you really do need in your life and how you can 2 the rest.If you are already working, arrange with your company to 3 a predetermined amount of your payroll into a forced savings fund and then you will learn to live with the rest.
[答疑编号506430060206]
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4 , the amount that is left for you to work with is smaller, and this particular practice is actually 5 "learning to pay yourself first" — despite bills and other payables, you will come first.
[答疑编号506430060207]
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The beauty of this money management practice to get you on the wealth path is that you will be forced to cut your 6 spending.You will learn to live with what you have and figure out the little avenues in your life 7 you can stop the financial leaks.
[答疑编号506430060208]
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With this, you will find that you have extra money to invest with. 8 you have a sizeable amount, the next thing that you can do is to figure out where to put the extras that have 9 over time so you can generate money and make it 10 with very little effort from you.There are many things you can find to put your money in.
[答疑编号506430060209]
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Ⅳ Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases in the brackets.
1.To obtain objective findings，scientists _______ （依据实验得出结论）.（on the basis of）
[答疑编号506430060210]
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2.She's such a self-disciplined person that _______ （她从不沾酒）.（indulge in）
[答疑编号506430060211]
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3.When he loses his temper, he ________ （对自己的行为不负责任）.（be responsible for）
[答疑编号506430060212]
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4.The result of being employed proves that ______ （我的从教经验对我有利）.（stand…in good stead）
[答疑编号506430060213]
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5.Figures show that fifty percent of road accidents ________（导致头部受伤）.（result in）
[答疑编号506430060214]
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Text B The Importance of Money in Life
New Words
root n. the main cause of something，such as a problem or difficult situation 根源；起因
evil n. a force that causes bad things to happen；morally bad behaviour 邪恶；罪恶；恶行
greedy adj. wanting more money, power, food，etc. than you really need 贪婪的；贪心的
financially adv. from a financial point of view 经济上
readily adv. quickly and without difficulty 快捷地；轻而易举地；便利地
available adj. （of things）that you can get，buy or find 可获得的；可购得的；可找到的
abundant adj. existing in large quantities；more than enough 大量的；丰盛的；充裕的
universe n. the whole of space and everything in it 宇宙；天地万物；万象
scared adj. frightened of something or afraid that something bad might happen 害怕的；恐惧的；畏惧的；担心的
meditation n. the practice of thinking deeply in silence，especially for religious reasons or in order to make your mind calm 冥想；沉思；深思
donate v. to give money, food，clothes，etc. to somebody/something, especially a charity （尤指向慈善机构）捐赠，赠送
favorite adj. （AmE）liked more than others of the same kind 最喜爱的
charity n. an organization for helping people in need 慈善机构（或组织）
abundance n. a large quantity that is more than enough 大量；丰盛；充裕
opposite n. a person or thing that is as different as possible from somebody/something else 对立的人（或物）；对立面；反面
subconscious adj. the part of your mind that has thoughts and feelings you do not know about 潜意识
originally adv. used to describe the situation that existed at the beginning 原来；起初
stimulate v. to make something develop or become more active；to encourage something 促进；激发；激励
economy n. the relationship between production，trade and the supply of money in a particular country or region 经济；经济情况；经济结构
versus prep. used to show that two teams or sides are against each other （表示两队或双方对阵）对，诉，对抗
whereby con. by which；because of which 凭此；藉以；由于
label v. to describe somebody/something in a particular way, especially unfairly （尤指不公正地）把…称为
joyfully adv. in a way that shows happiness 快乐地
balance n. a situation in which different things exist in equal，correct or good amounts 均衡；平衡；均势
mindset n. a set of attitudes or fixed ideas that somebody has and that are often difficult to change 观念模式；思维倾向
Phrases and Expressions
deep down if you know or feel something deep down，you secretly know or feel it even though you do not admit it 实际上；在心底
open up to become or make something possible，available or able to be reached （使某事物）成为可能，可得到，可达到
重点词汇
financially adv. from a financial point of view 经济上
eg: It was important to me to be financially independent of my parents.
在经济上不依赖父母，这对我很重要。
available adj.
（of things）that you can get，buy or find 可获得的；可购得的；可找到的
eg: You will be informed when the book becomes available. 这本书有货时就通知你。
其他词义
（of people） free to be seen, talked to, etc. （指人）可会见的，可与之交谈的等
eg: I'm available in the afternoon. 我下午有空。
scared adj. frightened of something or afraid that something bad might happen 害怕的；恐惧的；畏惧的；担心的
scared to do sth.
eg: The boys were scared to cross the street. 这些男孩不敢过马路。
衍生
scare v. frighten （sb.） 恐吓（某人）
eg: That noise scared me. 那响声把我吓坏了。
scary adj. causing fear or alarm 引起恐慌的
eg: a scary ghost story 吓人的鬼故事
donate v. to give money, food, clothes, etc. to somebody/something, especially a charity （尤指向慈善机构）捐赠，赠送
donate sth. to sb./sth.
eg: Last year he donated $1,000 to cancer research.去年他捐了1000美元用于癌症研究。
favorite adj. （AmE）liked more than others of the same kind 最喜爱的
eg: Who is your favorite writer? 你最喜欢哪位作家?
其他词性
favorite n. person or thing liked more than others 特别受喜爱的人或物
eg: These books are great favorites of mine. 这些是我最喜爱的书。
衍生
favor n.
1）something that you do for someone in order to help them or be kind to them 帮忙
eg: Could you do me a favor and tell Kelly I can't make it? 你能帮我个忙告诉凯丽我做不到吗?
2）support, approval, or agreement for something such as a plan, idea, or system 支持
in favor of sth.
eg: Was he in favor of the death penalty? 他赞成死刑吗?
opposite n. a person or thing that is as different as possible from somebody/something else 对立的人（或物）；对立面；反面
eg: The two men were complete opposites — Simon tall and fair, Clive short and dark.他们俩是完全相反的人——西蒙，高个子，皮肤金黄，而克莱乌，矮个子，皮肤黝黑。
其他词性
prep. on the other side of a specific area from （sb./sth.） 在（某人[某物]）对面
eg: The bank is opposite the supermarket. 银行在超级市场对面。
adj. having a position on the other side （of sb./sth.） 另一侧的
eg: In England you must drive on the opposite side of the road to the rest of Europe. 在英国路上开车, 要与欧洲其他国家方向相反。
economy n. the relationship between production，trade and the supply of money in a particular country or region 经济；经济情况；经济结构
eg: The state of the economy is very worrying. 目前的经济状况令人十分担忧。
衍生
economic adj. of economics, or of an economy 经济学的; 经济的
eg: In the current economic climate （=conditions） , we must keep costs down. 鉴于现在的经济环境，我们必须控制成本。
economical adj. using money, time, goods etc. carefully and without wasting any 节俭的；经济的
eg: A small car is more economical to run. 开小车更经济。
P1
What were you taught about money as you were growing up? Something like "money doesn't grow on trees", or "money is the root of all evil", or maybe "all rich people are greedy"?
P2
Well, how do you expect to become a success financially if you believe these things? You attract into your life what you are thinking about and what you believe. If you think there is not enough money in this world for everyone you will never have enough money. That is called the Law of Attraction.
P3
First of all, believing that "money doesn't grow on trees" is an example of what's called lack or scarcity programming. Our parents taught us that there was never enough money to go around, and that it was not readily available or abundant. But in truth, the universe is very abundant, and there is lots of money to go around for everyone. Just think what you could do if you have as much money as your heart desires. What wonderful things you could do with it: travel to the countries you have always dreamt of, buy a house you are even scared to think about, attend meditation classes so you could spiritually grow, donate money to your favorite charity, spend more quality time with your family, and the list goes on.
P4
The key is to start thinking that you deserve the money and that there is lots of it available for you, and then you can start attracting it into your life. That's abundance thinking, which is the opposite of lack or scarcity thinking. When you start thinking about the abundance the Law of Attraction will do the rest. You do not need to know how it is going to happen. Just make the first step, first thought. Starting is already winning.
P5
And what about thinking that "money is the root of all evil"? Can you really expect to become a success if you believe that money is the root of all evil? Unless you have a desire to be an evil person, your subconscious will not let you have money if you believe deep down that it is the root of all evil.
P6
By the way, that quote is taken out of context in the first place. It was originally stated as "the love of money is the root of all evil". So it has nothing to do with the money itself.
P7
Now that you understand that, you can start to think that money is in fact good. You can help people with money. You can stimulate the economy with money. Even the most kind-hearted spiritual person, who says they don't need money, can do more to make the world a better place with money than without it.
P8
And what about thinking that "all rich people are greedy"? Well, that creates us versus them, whereby you have labeled all of "them" greedy in your mind. You, on the other hand, are very giving in your mind. That's why you don't have money, because you're not greedy.
P9
Sure, there must be some rich people in the world who are greedy. But there are also poor people who are greedy. There are both rich and poor people who are very giving as well. The amount of money you have has nothing to do with these character traits.
P10
In fact, a lot of rich people got there by not being greedy. Having a giving attitude opens up a flow of money that often brings them more. You will find the same thing: give away money joyfully to a friend, and notice that it comes back to you in some other form. The world needs to be a balance of give and take, and being joyful both as you give and receive will ensure that you always go with the flow.
P11
And changing your mindset from what you were taught as a child to a healthier view of money will allow you to become the financial success you deserve to be, to become the real you.
点滴语法
非谓语动词——动名词 doing
1.性质：动词充当名词使用，既有动词性，又有名词性。
2.功能
1）作主语
eg: Hating people is like burning down your own house to get rid of a rat.
憎恨别人，就好像为了赶走一只老鼠而把自己的房子烧掉。
Getting mad at others means other people are getting control of my emotions!
如果我生别人的气，就意味着我让别人控制了自己的情绪。
形式主语
It is no good/no use doing sth. “干某事没有用”
eg: It's no use crying over spilt milk. 后悔没有用。
It's no good trying to explain. 努力解释没有用。
There is no point/use/good （in） doing sth. “做某事没有必要/意义”
eg: There is no use your arguing with him. 你没必要和他争论。
There is no doing sth. “不可能做某事”，相当于it's impossible to do sth.或we can't do sth.
eg: There is no telling what will happen tomorrow. 谁也无法预知明天会发生什么。
There's no knowing the future.
= It's impossible to know the future.
= We can't know the future.
谁也无法预知未来。
2）作宾语
（1）动词宾语
接动名词的动词avoid, consider, deny, enjoy, escape, fancy, feel like, finish, can't help, put off, suggest……
eg: They are considering buying the house before the prices go up. 他们考虑涨价前买这个房子。
She was so angry that she felt like throwing something at him. 她如此生气以至想向他扔东西。
（2）介词宾语
带介词to 的短语: look forward to, be used to, object to, be devoted to, the solution to……
eg: I am looking forward to hearing from you. 我期待你的来信。
I am used to sleeping with the lights on. 我习惯了开着灯睡觉。
The students object to increasing their tuition. 学生们反对提高学费。
（3） 特定句型中作宾语
have difficulty/trouble/a hard time （in） doing sth. “做某事遇到了麻烦”
have fun/a good time （in） doing sth. “做某事很开心”
eg: We are having all kinds of trouble finding a new apartment for next year.
我们在为明年找房子租，遇到了各种麻烦。
can't help doing “情不自禁”，“不得不”
eg: No one can help liking Tom; he is such a cute boy. 没有人不喜欢汤姆，他实在太可爱了。
be worth doing “值得做”
eg: The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。
3）作表语
eg: His hobby is collecting stamps.他的爱好是集邮。
4）作定语
eg: a reading room 阅览室
a swimming pool 游泳池
3.课文中出现的含有动名词的句子
First of all, believing that "money doesn't grow on trees" is an example of what's called lack or scarcity programming.
The key is to start thinking that you deserve the money and that there is lots of it available for you, and then you can start attracting it into your life.
And what about thinking that "money is the root of all evil"?
And what about thinking that "all rich people are greedy"?
Having a giving attitude opens up a flow of money that often brings them more.
And changing your mindset from what you were taught as a child to a healthier view of money will allow you to become the financial success you deserve to be, to become the real you.
Exercises
Ⅰ Checking Your Comprehension
Section A
Directions: Read the following statements and mark Y （for Yes） if the statement agrees with the information given in the text; N （for No） if the statement contradicts the information given in the text; NG （for Not Given） ff the information is not given in the text.）
（ ） 1. If you believe "money is the root of all evil", you may encounter more difficulties on the way to financial success.
[答疑编号506430060501]
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（ ） 2. The author considers it as a fact that the universe is abundant and enough money is available around us.
[答疑编号506430060502]
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（ ） 3. The author gives many suggestions to children on how to spend money.
[答疑编号506430060503]
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（ ） 4. Abundance thinking has negative influence on the way you live.
[答疑编号506430060504]
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（ ） 5. According to the author, the root of all evil has nothing to do with the money itself.
[答疑编号506430060505]
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（ ） 6. People should have abundance thinking for the Law of Attraction functions well in people's daily life.
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Ⅱ Building Your Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: Complete each of the following sentences with the correct choice of the words given in the brackets.
1. People are looking forward to stores with an ________ of commodity supplies. （abundant, abundance）
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2. Young children usually have a ________ soft object like a stuffed animal or a blanket. （favourite, favour）
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3. Jack wanted to invite the beautiful girl out, but was ________ that she would refuse. （scare, scared）
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4. A successful businessman made a small _______ in his wife's name. （donation, donate）
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5. The Great Sphinx in Egypt might have ________ had the face of a lion, a UK geologist claimed recently. （original, originally）
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6. The country has been in a very poor ________ state ever since the decline of its two major industries. （economic, economy）
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Section B
Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.
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stimulate available abundant greedy |
1. Funds are ______ to assist students who want to pursue further studies.
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2. There is _____ evidence that cars have a harmful effect on the environment.
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3. Her interest in designing was ________ by her father since her childhood.
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4. An anonymous businesswoman donated one million dollars to the local ________.
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5. With so many stars in the ________, are we alone, or is there life out there in space?
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6. Medical inventions are ________ embraced by doctors and patients.
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Section C
Directions: Complete each of the following sentences with a suitable word.
1. As a schoolgirl, she dreamed ________ becoming an actress.
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2. If you spend any time in prison, you're labeled ________ a criminal for the rest of your life.
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3. New tax measures are designed to keep the balance ______ rich and poor.
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4. The little boy seems insecure, but deep ________ he's quite confident.
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5. The new catalogue will open ________ the market for our products.
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6. People are bombarded with information ________ the form of TV advertising.
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考试题型：填句补文（试卷第四题）
第四部分：填句补文（第 26-30 题，每题2分，共10分）
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。
How to Improve Self-Confidence（教材P188）
P1
Improving your self-confidence can be a difficult task. Most people associate having a high level of confidence with being successful. In some way this is true, since most successful people have high levels of self-confidence and are able to take on any challenges in their path.
P2
（26）________________ It can take a long time to develop, but it certainly can have a massive positive impact on the rest of your life.
P3
Self-confidence can be the route to achieving many of your other goals, whether it be asking certain person out to dinner, becoming successful in business or even with your weight loss goals. （27） ________________
P4
Face what you fear. Most of the time, what you fear will not really be as bad as it seems. Whether it is being too embarrassed to go to a new fitness class since you think you will stick out like a sore thumb, or going for that promotion at work, you will find in time that everyone is fearful or has insecurities about something. （28）_______________ They just deal with them in a different and positive way.
P5
Improve your self-confidence by finding out what you really want from life. （29）____________ Don't be afraid of failing, since life is one big learning curve. I bet the most successful people you've met failed over and over again before they hit it big.
P6
（30）_____________ By utilizing the techniques used in hypnosis（催眠）,you can gain access to your subconscious mind, allowing you to plant positive thoughts that can greatly help you with your progress of becoming a more self-confident person.
A. There are a few basic tips to help make you into a self-confident human being.
B. One method that can help to improve self-confidence is through the use of Hypnosis.
C. Try new things that excite you.
D. Even the most self-confident people have certain issues.
E. We aim to help people become more self-confident in life.
F. Developing self-confidence can be hard, especially if you are starting with little or no confidence.
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