标签：ser 04 get self Response class serializer drf

请求与响应

请求Request

1.request：drf中的request不再是django默认的HttpRequest对象而是res_framework提供的Request类的对象
2.属性：
  data：解析之后的文件及非文件数据
        包含POST、PUT、PATCH请求方式解析的数据
        支持Json数据
  query_params:与django的GET请求方式一致
3.drf默认请求格式：在res_framework.settings中可以查询
  DEFAULTS = {
    'DEFAULT_PARSER_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework.parsers.JSONParser',
        'rest_framework.parsers.FormParser',
        'rest_framework.parsers.MultiPartParser'
4.配置响应格式
      全局配置：项目配置文件
      局部配置：视图类中
         class BookView(APIView):
    		parser_classes = [JSONParser,FormParser,MultiPartParser]
5.解析的使用顺序：视图类--项目配置文件--内置配置文件
6.实际项目配置：基本上都运行JSONParser,FormParser
  			  上传文件只允许MultiPartParser

响应Response

1.Response:REST framework提供的响应类 会将响应内容转换（rander）显示成符合前端需要的类型
    	   根据请求头中的(Accept)接收数据响应来做转换 如果没有 采用默认方式 
2.drf默认解析响应编码：在res_framework.settings中可以查询
  REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    'DEFAULT_RENDERER_CLASSES': [   # 默认响应渲染类
        'rest_framework.renderers.JSONRenderer',  # json渲染器
        'rest_framework.renderers.TemplateHTMLRenderer',  # 浏览器API渲染器
    ],
3.配置响应格式
  全局配置：项目配置文件中修改
      DEFAULTS = {
    # Base API policies
    'DEFAULT_RENDERER_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework.renderers.JSONRenderer',   # json格式
        'rest_framework.renderers.BrowsableAPIRenderer',  # 浏览器看到的格式
    ],
  局部配置：视图类中
          class BookView(APIView):
          	renderer_classes = [JSONRenderer,]
  运行顺序：局部---全局---默认
 4.属性：
   data：为响应准备的序列化处理后的数据
   status：状态码 默认200  常量(可以直接导入)  (status_code:状态码的数字)
           1xx---信息告知
           2xx---成功
           3xx---重定向
           4xx---客户端错误
           5xx---服务器错误
   headers：存放响应头的字典
   content_type：响应数据类型 可以设置参数 (content经过rander处理后的响应数据)
   template_name：模板的名称
5.响应头中添加数据
  5.1 原生django中向响应头中添加数据：
       class User(views.View):
        def get(self, request):
            b = {'name': 'lili'}
            res = JsonResponse(b)
            # res['age'] = 19
            res['name'] = 'haha'
            return res
  5.2 drf中向响应头中添加数据：通过Response的属性headers={'name': 'lili'}添加
        class BookViews(APIView):
            def get(self, request):
                book_list = models.Book.objects.all()
                ser = serializer.BookSerializer(instance=book_list, many=True)
                return Response(ser.data, headers={'name': 'lili'})
 6.解析的使用顺序：视图类--项目配置文件--内置配置文件
 7.实际编码中响应一般是默认

视图组件

视图的继承

1.APIView：drf提供的顶层的视图类通过继承写视图类它继承django的View

2个视图基类

1.APIView：
2.GenericAPIView：继承了APIView
  类属性：queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
         serializer_class = serializer.BookSerializer
  方法： self.get_object()       # 根据pk获取单个数据
         self.get_serializer    # 获取要使用的序列化类
         self.get_queryset()    # 获取所有要序列化数据

1.基于APIView写5个接口

1.查询所有
class BookViews(APIView):
    def get(self, request):
        book_list = models.Book.objects.all()
        ser = serializer.BookSerializer(instance=book_list, many=True)
        return Response(ser.data, headers={'name': 'lili'})
2.新增
class BookViews(APIView):
    def post(self, request):
        create_book = serializer.BookSerializer(data=request.data)
        if create_book.is_valid():
            create_book.save()
            return Response({'code': 100, 'msg': '新增成功'})
        else:
            return Response({'code': 101, 'msg': create_book.errors})
3.查询单条
class BookView(APIView):
    def get(self, request, pk):
        book = models.Book.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
        ser = serializer.BookSerializer(instance=book)
        return Response(ser.data)
4.修改
class BookView(APIView):
    def put(self, request, pk):
        update_book = models.Book.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()  
        # 不加first是列表对象没有该AttributeError: 'QuerySet' object has no attribute '_meta' 单独的对象才有
        ser = serializer.BookSerializer(instance=update_book, data=request.data)
        if ser.is_valid():
            ser.save()
            return Response(ser.data)
        else:
            return Response(ser.errors)
 5.删除
class BookView(APIView):
    def delete(self, request, pk):
        models.Book.objects.filter(pk=pk).delete()
        return Response({})

2.基于GenericAPIView写5个接口

1.查询所有
    from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView
    class BookView(GenericAPIView):
        queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
        serializer_class = serializer.BookSerializer
        def get(self, request):
            book_list = self.get_queryset()
            ser = self.get_serializer(instance=book_list, many=True)
            return Response(ser.data)
2.新增
    class BookView(GenericAPIView):
        queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
        serializer_class = serializer.BookSerializer
        def post(self, request):
            ser = self.get_serializer(data=request.data)
            if ser.is_valid():
                ser.save()
                return Response({'code': 100, 'mag': '添加成功'})
            else:
                return Response({'code': 101, 'msg': ser.errors})
3.查询单条
    class BookDetailView(GenericAPIView):
        queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
        serializer_class = serializer.BookSerializer
        def get(self, request, pk):
            book = self.get_object()
            ser = self.get_serializer(instance=book)
            return Response(ser.data)
4.修改
    class BookDetailView(GenericAPIView):
        queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
        serializer_class = serializer.BookSerializer
        def put(self, request, pk):
            book = self.get_object()
            ser = self.get_serializer(instance=book, data=request.data)
            if ser.is_valid():
                ser.save()
                return Response(ser.data)
            else:
                return Response(ser.errors)
5.删除：self.get_queryset()获取所有序列化对象删选出删除数据删除
    class BookDetailView(GenericAPIView):
        queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
        serializer_class = serializer.BookSerializer
        def delete(self, request, pk):
            self.get_queryset().filter(pk=pk).delete()
            return Response({})

drf内容框架

1.前后端开发模式
2.API接口
3.postman使用
4.序列化与反序列化
5.restful规范
6.drf快速实现符合restful规范的接口
7.cbv的执行流程
8.序列化类
9.请求与响应
10.视图层
11.路由的使用
12.认证、频率、权限
13.过滤、排序、分页
14.全局异常处理
15.接口文档
16.前后端分离：jwt认证
17.RBAC：公司内部使用
18.django：admin美化

作业

1.使用GenericAPIView写出book的5个接口

1.查询所有
    from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView
    class BookView(GenericAPIView):
        queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
        serializer_class = serializer.BookSerializer
        def get(self, request):
            book_list = self.get_queryset()
            ser = self.get_serializer(instance=book_list, many=True)
            return Response(ser.data)
2.新增
    class BookView(GenericAPIView):
        queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
        serializer_class = serializer.BookSerializer
        def post(self, request):
            ser = self.get_serializer(data=request.data)
            if ser.is_valid():
                ser.save()
                return Response({'code': 100, 'mag': '添加成功'})
            else:
                return Response({'code': 101, 'msg': ser.errors})
3.查询单条
    class BookDetailView(GenericAPIView):
        queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
        serializer_class = serializer.BookSerializer
        def get(self, request, pk):
            book = self.get_object()
            ser = self.get_serializer(instance=book)
            return Response(ser.data)
4.修改
    class BookDetailView(GenericAPIView):
        queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
        serializer_class = serializer.BookSerializer
        def put(self, request, pk):
            book = self.get_object()
            ser = self.get_serializer(instance=book, data=request.data)
            if ser.is_valid():
                ser.save()
                return Response({'code':'修改成功', 'msg':ser.data})
            else:
                return Response({'code':'修改成功', 'msg':ser.errors})
5.删除：self.get_queryset()获取所有序列化对象删选出删除数据删除
    class BookDetailView(GenericAPIView):
        queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
        serializer_class = serializer.BookSerializer
        def delete(self, request, pk):
            self.get_queryset().filter(pk=pk).delete()
            return Response({})

2.使用面向对象，写5个父类，继承GenericAPIView+某几个父类后，就有某几个接口

一、5个父类
  1.查询所有
class CheckAll(object):
    def get(self, request):
        book_list = self.get_queryset()
        ser = self.get_serializer(instance=book_list, many=True)
        return Response(ser.data)
  2.新增
class Create(object):
    def post(self, request):
            ser = self.get_serializer(data=request.data)
            if ser.is_valid():
                ser.save()
                return Response({'code': 100, 'mag': '添加成功'})
            else:
                return Response({'code': 101, 'msg': ser.errors})
 3.查询一条
class CheckOne(object):

    def get(self, request, pk):
            book = self.get_object()
            ser = self.get_serializer(instance=book)
            return Response(ser.data)
4.修改
class UpDate(object):
    def put(self, request, pk):
        book = self.get_object()
        ser = self.get_serializer(instance=book, data=request.data)
        if ser.is_valid():
            ser.save()
            return Response(ser.data)
        else:
            return Response(ser.errors)
5.删除
class Delete(object):
    def delete(self, request, pk):
        self.get_queryset().filter(pk=pk).delete()
        return Response({})
二、视图类
查询所有、新增
class BookView(GenericAPIView, CheckAll, Create):
    queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = serializer.BookSerializer
查询单个、修改、删除
class BookDetailView(GenericAPIView, CheckOne, UpDate, Delete):
    queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = serializer.BookSerializer

3.9个视图子类

1.查询所有
class BookAll(GenericAPIView, CheckAll):
    queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = serializer.BookSerializer
  2.新增
   class BookCreate(GenericAPIView, Create):
    queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = serializer.BookSerializer
 3.查询一条
  class BookOne(GenericAPIView, CheckOne):
    queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = serializer.BookSerializer
4.修改
class BookUpDate(GenericAPIView, UpDate):
    queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = serializer.BookSerializer
5.删除
class BookDetele(GenericAPIView, Delete):
    queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = serializer.BookSerializer
6.查询所有、新增
class BookAllCreate(GenericAPIView, CheckAll, Create):
    queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = serializer.BookSerializer
7.查询一条、修改一条
class BookOneUpDate(GenericAPIView, CheckOne，UpDate):
    queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = serializer.BookSerializer
8.查询一条、删除一条
class BookOneDelete(GenericAPIView, CheckOne，Delete):
    queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = serializer.BookSerializer
9.修改一条、删除一条
class BookUpDateDelete(GenericAPIView, UpDate，Delete):
    queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = serializer.BookSerializer

标签：ser,04,get,self,Response,class,serializer,drf
From： https://www.cnblogs.com/040714zq/p/16743241.html

drf-04