题目49学生宿舍水电费信息管理

学生宿舍水电费信息管理

设计程序实现水电费管理系统功能。

设计要求：

(1) 记录每个宿舍的名称、编号、用水量、用电量、水电价格、宿舍学生等信息；
(2) 能够对系统中各宿舍用水,电等信息进行统计;
(3) 对宿舍预存水、电设置最低数量值.当系统中预存值数量低于设定值时报警提醒；
(4) 能够对宿舍水电购买信息进行登记管理功能；
(5) 能够汇总某一段时间内的水电使用情况.统计相关信息。

使用python实现：

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import messagebox
import json
from tkcalendar import DateEntry
import datetime

from pylab import *
mpl.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']#图中的字体

# 水电费管理系统类
class DormitoryUtilitySystem:
    def __init__(self):
        self.dormitories = []    # 存储宿舍信息的列表

    # 添加宿舍信息
    def add_dormitory(self, name, number, water_usage, electricity_usage, water_price, electricity_price, students):
        dormitory = {
            #分别为宿舍名，宿舍号，用水量，用电量，水费，电费，学生，水，电设定值，用水剩余量，用电剩余量
            'name': name,
            'number': number,
            'water_usage': water_usage,
            'electricity_usage': electricity_usage,
            'water_price': water_price,
            'electricity_price': electricity_price,
            'students': students,
            'minimum_water_quantity':0,
            'minimum_electricity_quantity':0,
            'w':100-water_usage,
            'e':100-electricity_usage
        }
        self.dormitories.append(dormitory)

    # 统计系统中各宿舍用水和用电信息
    def get_dormitory_statistics(self):
        statistics = []
        for dormitory in self.dormitories:
            dormitory_info = {
                '宿舍名': dormitory['name'],
                '用水量': dormitory['water_usage'],
                '用电量': dormitory['electricity_usage']
            }
            statistics.append(dormitory_info)
        return statistics

    # 显示宿舍剩余水量和电量
    def get_dormitory_shop(self):
        statisticss = []
        for dormitory in self.dormitories:
            dormitory_info = {
                    '宿舍名': dormitory['name'],
                    '剩余水量': dormitory['w'],
                    '剩余电量': dormitory['e']
            }
            statisticss.append(dormitory_info)
        return statisticss

    # 设置宿舍预存水电量的最低值，并检查是否低于设定值
    def set_minimum_quantity(self, dormitory_name, minimum_water_quantity, minimum_electricity_quantity):
        for dormitory in self.dormitories:
            if dormitory['name'] == dormitory_name:
                dormitory['minimum_water_quantity'] = minimum_water_quantity
                dormitory['minimum_electricity_quantity'] = minimum_electricity_quantity
                if int(dormitory['w'] < minimum_water_quantity) & int(dormitory['e'] < minimum_electricity_quantity):
                    print(f"宿舍 {dormitory_name} 的水量电量均低于设定值！")
                    messagebox.showinfo("提示",f"宿舍 {dormitory_name} 的水量低于设定值！,宿舍 {dormitory_name} 的电量低于设定值！")
                else:
                    if dormitory['w'] < minimum_water_quantity:
                        print(f"宿舍 {dormitory_name} 的水量低于设定值！")
                        messagebox.showinfo("提示", f"宿舍 {dormitory_name} 的水量低于设定值！")
                    if dormitory['e'] < minimum_electricity_quantity:
                        print(f"宿舍 {dormitory_name} 的电量低于设定值！")
                        messagebox.showinfo("提示", f"宿舍 {dormitory_name} 的电量低于设定值！")
            break

    # 登记宿舍水电购买信息
    def add_purchase_record(self, dormitory_name, water_quantity, electricity_quantity, purchase_date):
        for dormitory in self.dormitories:
            if dormitory['name'] == dormitory_name:
                #水电购买信息
                purchase_record = {
                    'water_quantity': water_quantity,
                    'electricity_quantity': electricity_quantity,
                    'purchase_date': purchase_date
                }
                dormitory['w'] += water_quantity
                dormitory['e'] += electricity_quantity
                sums = electricity_quantity * dormitory['electricity_price']+water_quantity * dormitory['water_price']
                if 'purchase_records' not in dormitory:
                    dormitory['purchase_records'] = []
                dormitory['purchase_records'].append(purchase_record)
                messagebox.showinfo("提示", f"已为宿舍{dormitory_name}充值水量{water_quantity},充值电量{electricity_quantity} ,总共花费{sums}元")
                break

    # 登记宿舍用电用水当天
    def add_purchase_use(self, dormitory_name, water_quantity, electricity_quantity, purchase_date):
        for dormitory in self.dormitories:
            if dormitory['name'] == dormitory_name:
                #水电使用登记
                purchase_use = {
                        'water_quantity_use': water_quantity,
                        'electricity_quantity_use': electricity_quantity,
                        'purchase_date': purchase_date
                }
                dormitory['w'] -= water_quantity
                dormitory['e'] -= electricity_quantity
                dormitory['water_usage'] += water_quantity
                dormitory['electricity_usage'] += electricity_quantity
                #'minimum_water_quantity':0,'minimum_electricity_quantity':0,
                if int(dormitory['w'] < dormitory['minimum_water_quantity']) & int(dormitory['e'] < dormitory['minimum_electricity_quantity']):
                    print(f"宿舍 {dormitory_name} 的水量电量均低于设定值！")
                    messagebox.showinfo("提示",f"宿舍 {dormitory_name} 的水量低于设定值！,宿舍 {dormitory_name} 的电量低于设定值！")
                else:
                    if dormitory['w'] < dormitory['minimum_water_quantity']:
                        print(f"宿舍 {dormitory_name} 的水量低于设定值！")
                        messagebox.showinfo("提示", f"宿舍 {dormitory_name} 的水量低于设定值！")
                    if dormitory['e'] < dormitory['minimum_electricity_quantity']:
                        print(f"宿舍 {dormitory_name} 的电量低于设定值！")
                        messagebox.showinfo("提示", f"宿舍 {dormitory_name} 的电量低于设定值！")
                if 'purchase_use' not in dormitory:
                        dormitory['purchase_use'] = []
                dormitory['purchase_use'].append(purchase_use)
                break


    # 统计某一段时间内的水电使用情况
    def get_usage_summary(self, start_date, end_date):
        summary = {
            'water_usage': 0,
            'electricity_usage': 0
        }
        for dormitory in self.dormitories:
            if 'purchase_use' in dormitory:
                for purchase_record in dormitory['purchase_use']:
                    purchase_date = datetime.datetime.strptime(purchase_record['purchase_date'], '%Y-%m-%d').date()
                    if start_date <= purchase_date <= end_date:
                        summary['water_usage'] += purchase_record['water_quantity_use']
                        summary['electricity_usage'] += purchase_record['electricity_quantity_use']
        return summary
    # 将系统数据保存到文件
    def save_to_file(self, file_name):
        with open(file_name, 'w') as file:
            json.dump(self.dormitories, file)

    # 从文件加载系统数据
    def load_from_file(self, file_name):
        with open(file_name, 'r') as file:
            self.dormitories = json.load(file)

# 创建水电费管理系统对象 dump load
system = DormitoryUtilitySystem()
# 从文件加载系统数据
system.load_from_file('dormitory_data.json')
# 创建主窗口
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("主窗口")

# 定义按钮点击事件处理函数
def open_add():

    # 添加宿舍信息
    # system.add_dormitory('Dorm A', 'A101', 300, 400, 6, 0.5, ['John Doe', 'Jane Smith'])
    # system.add_dormitory('Dorm B', 'B201', 250, 350, 5, 0.45, ['Alice Johnson', 'Bob Wilson'])

    # 创建主窗口
    root = tk.Tk()
    root.title("学生宿舍水电费信息管理系统")

    # 定义函数：添加宿舍信息
    def add_dormitory():
        dormitory_name = dorm_name_entry.get()
        room_number = room_number_entry.get()
        water_rate = float(water_rate_entry.get())
        electricity_rate = float(electricity_rate_entry.get())
        maximum_water = int(max_water_entry.get())
        maximum_electricity = int(max_electricity_entry.get())
        tenants = tenants_entry.get().split(',')

        system.add_dormitory(dormitory_name, room_number, water_rate, electricity_rate, maximum_water,
                             maximum_electricity,
                             tenants)

        messagebox.showinfo("添加成功", "已成功添加宿舍信息！")

    # 创建宿舍信息输入部件
    dorm_name_label = tk.Label(root, text="宿舍名称：")
    dorm_name_label.pack(pady=5)
    dorm_name_entry = tk.Entry(root)
    dorm_name_entry.pack(pady=5)

    room_number_label = tk.Label(root, text="房间号码：")
    room_number_label.pack(pady=5)
    room_number_entry = tk.Entry(root)
    room_number_entry.pack(pady=5)

    water_rate_label = tk.Label(root, text="用水量：")
    water_rate_label.pack(pady=5)
    water_rate_entry = tk.Entry(root)
    water_rate_entry.pack(pady=5)

    electricity_rate_label = tk.Label(root, text="用电量：")
    electricity_rate_label.pack(pady=5)
    electricity_rate_entry = tk.Entry(root)
    electricity_rate_entry.pack(pady=5)

    max_water_label = tk.Label(root, text="水费单价：")
    max_water_label.pack(pady=5)
    max_water_entry = tk.Entry(root)
    max_water_entry.pack(pady=5)

    max_electricity_label = tk.Label(root, text="电费单价：")
    max_electricity_label.pack(pady=5)
    max_electricity_entry = tk.Entry(root)
    max_electricity_entry.pack(pady=5)

    tenants_label = tk.Label(root, text="学生信息（逗号分隔）：")
    tenants_label.pack(pady=5)
    tenants_entry = tk.Entry(root)
    tenants_entry.pack(pady=5)

    add_button = tk.Button(root, text="添加宿舍信息", command=add_dormitory)
    add_button.pack(pady=10)

    # 运行主循环
    root.mainloop()

# 定义按钮点击事件处理函数
def open_shezhi():
    # 创建主窗口
    root = tk.Tk()
    root.title("学生宿舍水电费信息管理系统")

    # 从文件加载系统数据
    # system.load_from_file('dormitory_data.json')
    # 添加宿舍信息
    # system.add_dormitory('Dorm A', 'A101', 300, 400, 6, 0.5, ['John Doe', 'Jane Smith'])
    # system.add_dormitory('Dorm B', 'B201', 250, 350, 5, 0.45, ['Alice Johnson', 'Bob Wilson'])

    # 定义界面函数
    def show_statistics():
        statistics = system.get_dormitory_statistics()
        messagebox.showinfo("统计信息", statistics)

    def set_minimum_quantity1():
        dormitory_name = dorm_name_entry.get()
        minimum_water_quantity = int(min_water_entry.get())
        minimum_electricity_quantity = int(min_electricity_entry.get())
        system.set_minimum_quantity(dormitory_name, minimum_water_quantity, minimum_electricity_quantity)
        messagebox.showinfo("设置成功", "已成功设置最低值！")

    # 创建GUI部件
    statistics_btn = tk.Button(root, text="显示统计信息", command=show_statistics)
    statistics_btn.pack(pady=10)

    set_minimum_frame = tk.Frame(root)
    set_minimum_frame.pack()

    dorm_name_label = tk.Label(set_minimum_frame, text="宿舍名称：")
    dorm_name_label.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=5, pady=5)
    dorm_name_entry = tk.Entry(set_minimum_frame)
    dorm_name_entry.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)

    min_water_label = tk.Label(set_minimum_frame, text="水量最低值：")
    min_water_label.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=5, pady=5)
    min_water_entry = tk.Entry(set_minimum_frame)
    min_water_entry.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)

    min_electricity_label = tk.Label(set_minimum_frame, text="电量最低值：")
    min_electricity_label.grid(row=2, column=0, padx=5, pady=5)
    min_electricity_entry = tk.Entry(set_minimum_frame)
    min_electricity_entry.grid(row=2, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)

    set_minimum_button = tk.Button(set_minimum_frame, text="设置最低值", command=set_minimum_quantity1)
    set_minimum_button.grid(row=3, columnspan=2, padx=5, pady=10)

    # 运行主循环
    root.mainloop()
# 定义按钮点击事件处理函数
def open_shopping():
    # 创建主窗口
    root = tk.Tk()
    root.title("学生宿舍水电费购买")

    # 从文件加载系统数据
    # system.load_from_file('dormitory_data.json')

    # 定义界面函数
    def show_statistics():
        statistics = system.get_dormitory_shop()
        messagebox.showinfo("查看宿舍水电剩余信息", statistics)

    def set_minimum_quantityew():
        dormitory_name = dorm_name_entry.get()
        shop_water_quantity = int(shop_water_entry.get())
        shop_electricity_quantity = int(shop_electricity_entry.get())
        da1= datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
        system.add_purchase_record(dormitory_name, shop_water_quantity, shop_electricity_quantity,da1)
        #messagebox.showinfo("提示", "购买成功！")

    # 创建GUI部件
    statistics_btn = tk.Button(root, text="显示宿舍剩余水电情况", command=show_statistics)
    statistics_btn.pack(pady=10)

    set_shopping_frame = tk.Frame(root)
    set_shopping_frame.pack()

    dorm_name_label = tk.Label(set_shopping_frame, text="宿舍名称：")
    dorm_name_label.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=5, pady=5)
    dorm_name_entry = tk.Entry(set_shopping_frame)
    dorm_name_entry.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)

    shop_water_label = tk.Label(set_shopping_frame, text="购买水量：")
    shop_water_label.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=5, pady=5)
    shop_water_entry = tk.Entry(set_shopping_frame)
    shop_water_entry.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)

    shop_electricity_label = tk.Label(set_shopping_frame, text="购买电量：")
    shop_electricity_label.grid(row=2, column=0, padx=5, pady=5)
    shop_electricity_entry = tk.Entry(set_shopping_frame)
    shop_electricity_entry.grid(row=2, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)

    set_minimum_button = tk.Button(set_shopping_frame, text="购买", command=set_minimum_quantityew)
    set_minimum_button.grid(row=3, columnspan=2, padx=5, pady=10)

    # 运行主循环
    root.mainloop()
# 定义按钮点击事件处理函数
def open_us():
    # 创建主窗口
    root = tk.Tk()
    root.title("学生宿舍水电使用登记表")

    # 从文件加载系统数据
    # system.load_from_file('dormitory_data.json')

    # 定义界面函数
    def show_statistics():
        statistics = system.get_dormitory_shop()
        messagebox.showinfo("查看宿舍水电剩余信息", statistics)

    def us_minimum_quantityew():
        dormitory_name = dorm_name_entry.get()
        use_water_quantity = int(us_water_entry.get())
        use_electricity_quantity = int(us_electricity_entry.get())
        day= datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
        system.add_purchase_use(dormitory_name, use_water_quantity, use_electricity_quantity,day)
        messagebox.showinfo("提示", "登记完成")

    # 创建GUI部件
    statistics_btn = tk.Button(root, text="显示宿舍剩余水电情况", command=show_statistics)
    statistics_btn.pack(pady=10)

    set_use_frame = tk.Frame(root)
    set_use_frame.pack()

    dorm_name_label = tk.Label(set_use_frame, text="宿舍名称：")
    dorm_name_label.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=5, pady=5)
    dorm_name_entry = tk.Entry(set_use_frame)
    dorm_name_entry.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)

    us_water_label = tk.Label(set_use_frame, text="使用水量：")
    us_water_label.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=5, pady=5)
    us_water_entry = tk.Entry(set_use_frame)
    us_water_entry.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)

    us_electricity_label = tk.Label(set_use_frame, text="使用电量：")
    us_electricity_label.grid(row=2, column=0, padx=5, pady=5)
    us_electricity_entry = tk.Entry(set_use_frame)
    us_electricity_entry.grid(row=2, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)

    set_minimum_button = tk.Button(set_use_frame, text="记录", command=us_minimum_quantityew)
    set_minimum_button.grid(row=3, columnspan=2, padx=5, pady=10)

    # 运行主循环
    root.mainloop()

    # 定义按钮点击事件处理函数
def open_usage():
        # 创建主窗口
        root = tk.Tk()
        root.title("时间段内的用水量")

        # 从文件加载系统数据
        # system.load_from_file('dormitory_data.json')
        # 定义界面函数
        def show_statistics():
            statistics = system.get_dormitory_shop()
            messagebox.showinfo("查看宿舍水电剩余信息", statistics)

        def us_minimum_quantityewdate():
            date_str = s_entry.get()  # 字符串格式为"YYYY-MM-DD"，"2023-06-23"
            year, month, day = map(int, date_str.split('-'))
            start_date = datetime.date(year, month, day)
            date_str = e_entry.get()  # 字符串格式为"YYYY-MM-DD"，"2023-06-23"
            year, month, day = map(int, date_str.split('-'))
            end_date = datetime.date(year, month, day)
            #day = datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
            mesage=system.get_usage_summary(start_date, end_date)
            messagebox.showinfo("提示",  f"{start_date}___{end_date}  宿舍总用水量 {mesage['water_usage']} ，总用电量{mesage['electricity_usage']}")

        # 创建GUI部件
        statistics_btn = tk.Button(root, text="显示宿舍剩余水电情况", command=show_statistics)
        statistics_btn.pack(pady=10)

        set_date_frame = tk.Frame(root)
        set_date_frame.pack()

        s_label = tk.Label(set_date_frame, text="起始日期：")
        s_label.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=5, pady=5)
        s_entry = DateEntry(set_date_frame, date_pattern='yyyy-mm-dd')
        s_entry.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)

        e_label = tk.Label(set_date_frame, text="终止日期：")
        e_label.grid(row=2, column=0, padx=5, pady=5)
        e_entry = DateEntry(set_date_frame, date_pattern='yyyy-mm-dd')
        e_entry.grid(row=2, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)

        set_minimum_button = tk.Button(set_date_frame, text="查看", command=us_minimum_quantityewdate)
        set_minimum_button.grid(row=3, columnspan=2, padx=5, pady=10)

        # 运行主循环
        root.mainloop()
def shows():
        aw=system.get_dormitory_statistics()
        e=[]
        w=[]
        name=[]
        for aa in aw:
            e.append(aa['用电量'])
            w.append(aa['用水量'])
            name.append(aa['宿舍名'])

        # 创建柱状图
        plt.bar(name, e, label='用电量')
        plt.xlabel('宿舍名')
        plt.ylabel('用电量（kWh）')
        plt.title('各宿舍用电量统计图')
        plt.legend()

        # 显示图表
        plt.show()
        # 创建柱状图
        plt.bar(name, w, label='用水量')
        plt.xlabel('宿舍名')
        plt.ylabel('用水量')
        plt.title('各宿舍用水量统计图')
        plt.legend()

        # 显示图表
        plt.show()



# 创建按钮
button = tk.Button(root, text="添加宿舍信息", command=open_add, width=20, height=2)
button.pack(padx=100, pady=50)# 设置X轴和Y轴方向的间隔
# 创建按钮
button = tk.Button(root, text="设置每个宿舍的水电阈值", command=open_shezhi, width=20, height=2)
button.pack(padx=30, pady=40)
# 创建按钮
button = tk.Button(root, text="宿舍水电购买", command=open_shopping, width=20, height=2)
button.pack(padx=30, pady=40)
# 创建按钮
button = tk.Button(root, text="宿舍水电使用登记", command=open_us, width=20, height=2)
button.pack(padx=30, pady=40)
# 创建按钮
button = tk.Button(root, text="一段时间内的用电用水使用情况", command=open_usage, width=25, height=2)
button.pack(padx=30, pady=40)
# 创建按钮
button = tk.Button(root, text="统计图", command=shows, width=25, height=2)
button.pack(padx=30, pady=40)
# 运行主循环
root.mainloop()


# 将系统数据保存到文件
system.save_to_file('dormitory_data.json')