六、string字符串比较
1、功能描述:字符串之间的比较
2、比较方式:字符串比较是按字符的ASCII码进行对比
= 返回0
> 返回1
< 返回-1
3、函数原型:
(1)int compare(const string &s)const; //与字符串s比较
(2)int compare(const char *s)const; //与字符串s比较
4、代码
1 #include <iostream> 2 using namespace std; 3 void test01() 4 { 5 string s1 = "hello"; 6 string s2 = "aello"; 7 int ret = s1.compare(s2); 8 if (ret == 0) 9 { 10 cout << "s1==s2" << endl; 11 } 12 else if (ret > 0) 13 { 14 cout << "s1大于s2" << endl; 15 } 16 else 17 { 18 cout << "s1小于s2" << endl; 19 } 20 } 21 int main() 22 { 23 test01(); 24 return 0; 25 }
运行结果:
七、string字符存取
1、函数原型:
char& operaotr[](int n); //通过[]方式获取字符
char& at(int n); //通过at方法获取字符
2、代码
1 #include <iostream> 2 using namespace std; 3 #include <string> 4 void test01() 5 { 6 string str = "hello world"; 7 for (int i = 0; i < str.size(); i++) 8 { 9 cout << str[i] << " "; 10 } 11 cout << endl; 12 for (int i = 0; i < str.size(); i++) 13 { 14 cout << str.at(i) << " "; 15 } 16 cout << endl; 17 str[0] = 'x'; 18 str.at(1) = 'x'; 19 cout << str << endl; 20 } 21 int main() 22 { 23 test01(); 24 return 0; 25 }
运行结果:
八、string插入和删除
1、功能描述:对string字符串进行插入和删除字符操作
2、函数原型:
string& insert(int pos, const char* s);
//插入字符串string& insert(int pos, const string& str);
//插入字符串string& insert(int pos, int n, char c);
//在指定位置插入n个字符cstring& erase(int pos, int n = npos);
//删除从Pos开始的n个字符
3、代码
1 #include <iostream> 2 using namespace std; 3 #include <string> 4 void test01() 5 { 6 string str = "hello"; 7 str.insert(1, "111"); //把pos=1的字符替换成“111” 8 cout << str << endl; 9 str.erase(1, 3); 10 cout << str << endl; 11 } 12 int main() 13 { 14 test01(); 15 return 0; 16 }
运行结果:
总结:插入和删除的起始下标都是从0开始
九、string子串
1、功能描述:从字符串中获取想要的字符串
2、函数原型:
string substr(int pos = 0, int n = npos) const;
//返回由pos开始的n个字符组成的字符串
3、代码
1 #include <iostream> 2 using namespace std; 3 #include <string> 4 void test01() 5 { 6 string str = "abcdefg"; 7 string substr = str.substr(1, 3); //获取从pos=1开始的三个字符 8 cout << "substr=" << substr << endl; 9 10 string email = "hello@sina.com"; 11 int pos = email.find("@"); 12 string username = email.substr(0, pos); 13 cout << "username=" << username << endl; 14 } 15 int main() 16 { 17 test01(); 18 return 0; 19 }
运行结果:
标签:容器,const,string,int,pos,字符串,include From: https://www.cnblogs.com/lian369/p/17396032.html